Marquette Law School Supreme Court Poll September 7-16, 2021

Court items only

(Percentages are rounded to whole numbers for reporting of results. Frequencies have been rounded to whole numbers but percentages are calculated based on non-integer weighted sample sizes.)

Results for survey items among all respondents are presented here (unless otherwise indicated). Please note that some questions are only asked of particular groups of respondents. In these instances, the row “NA’s” includes the number and percent of total respondents omitted from the question. These omitted cases are ignored when calculating the “Valid” and “Cumulative” percent columns.

B2: Supreme Court approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Strongly approve Somewhat approve Somewhat disapprove Strongly disapprove n
sex
Male 10 43 28 19 627
Female 5 41 32 21 659
Another gender 0 30 13 50 12
age
18-29 3 38 36 23 233
30-44 7 36 36 21 332
45-59 7 42 28 22 331
60+ 10 48 23 17 418
education
Less than HS 8 34 34 21 80
HS graduate 6 51 25 17 395
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 6 39 31 23 356
Bachelor's degree 9 39 30 22 227
Post grad study/professional degree 9 37 33 19 256
income
Less than $30k 7 39 32 21 354
$30k to less than $50k 4 41 32 21 279
$50k to less than $75k 5 52 28 15 230
$75k to less than $100k 8 36 30 26 144
$100k or more 11 40 26 22 208
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 12 49 25 13 361
Independent 5 45 32 16 534
Democrat 5 32 30 32 412
marital status
Single, that is never married 5 38 31 25 293
Single, living with a partner 2 29 50 20 156
Married 9 47 25 18 641
Separated 1 54 28 17 27
Widowed 21 35 28 16 54
Divorced 5 43 31 20 143
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 8 43 27 21 826
Black Non-Hispanic 7 36 30 25 151
Hispanic 3 35 41 21 204
Other 9 52 29 10 116
religious service attendance
More than once a week 9 53 21 17 95
Once a week 11 50 25 11 228
Once or twice a month 11 43 27 20 99
A few times a year 6 42 35 17 170
Seldom 6 44 34 16 330
Never 5 33 30 32 391
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 6 52 27 14 248
Mainline Protestant 8 43 27 21 199
Roman Catholic 6 44 35 13 277
No religion 6 32 31 31 409
Other religion 12 45 26 17 179
ideology
Very conservative 11 57 17 13 162
Somewhat conservative 14 51 25 10 316
Moderate 4 42 36 16 447
Somewhat liberal 4 33 36 26 253
Very liberal 3 18 24 55 136

B2: Supreme Court approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Approve Disapprove n
sex
Male 53 46 627
Female 46 54 659
Another gender 30 63 12
age
18-29 41 59 233
30-44 43 57 332
45-59 49 50 331
60+ 58 40 418
education
Less than HS 42 54 80
HS graduate 57 42 395
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 45 55 356
Bachelor's degree 48 51 227
Post grad study/professional degree 46 53 256
income
Less than $30k 46 52 354
$30k to less than $50k 46 54 279
$50k to less than $75k 57 43 230
$75k to less than $100k 44 55 144
$100k or more 51 48 208
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 61 38 361
Independent 51 48 534
Democrat 37 62 412
marital status
Single, that is never married 43 57 293
Single, living with a partner 31 69 156
Married 56 43 641
Separated 55 45 27
Widowed 56 44 54
Divorced 48 51 143
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 51 48 826
Black Non-Hispanic 43 56 151
Hispanic 38 62 204
Other 61 39 116
religious service attendance
More than once a week 62 38 95
Once a week 61 35 228
Once or twice a month 53 47 99
A few times a year 48 52 170
Seldom 50 50 330
Never 38 62 391
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 58 41 248
Mainline Protestant 51 48 199
Roman Catholic 51 48 277
No religion 38 62 409
Other religion 57 42 179
ideology
Very conservative 68 30 162
Somewhat conservative 65 35 316
Moderate 47 52 447
Somewhat liberal 37 63 253
Very liberal 20 79 136

C1: Most trusted branch

Of the three branches of US government, which one do you trust the most?
The US Congress (the legislative branch) The Presidency (the executive branch) The US Supreme Court (the judicial branch) n
sex
Male 11 23 66 656
Female 21 28 50 726
Another gender 0 21 79 12
age
18-29 29 18 54 262
30-44 19 24 57 373
45-59 12 27 60 338
60+ 10 30 60 437
education
Less than HS 33 12 54 87
HS graduate 14 25 59 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 18 25 56 387
Bachelor's degree 15 26 59 245
Post grad study/professional degree 13 28 59 259
income
Less than $30k 23 28 48 388
$30k to less than $50k 20 21 59 299
$50k to less than $75k 14 25 61 245
$75k to less than $100k 12 25 63 156
$100k or more 9 28 63 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 12 4 83 383
Independent 15 20 64 594
Democrat 22 51 27 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 18 26 55 320
Single, living with a partner 25 21 54 166
Married 13 25 62 682
Separated 24 11 65 29
Widowed 15 24 61 56
Divorced 18 31 50 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 13 22 65 874
Black Non-Hispanic 28 46 26 167
Hispanic 20 29 50 232
Other 14 15 68 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 12 24 64 103
Once a week 11 21 67 242
Once or twice a month 21 22 56 108
A few times a year 18 21 61 188
Seldom 15 27 57 355
Never 19 29 51 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 15 17 67 277
Mainline Protestant 21 24 54 210
Roman Catholic 14 21 65 296
No religion 18 34 48 434
Other religion 11 25 63 192
ideology
Very conservative 14 9 76 169
Somewhat conservative 10 4 86 332
Moderate 15 30 55 503
Somewhat liberal 19 42 39 266
Very liberal 34 47 18 139

C2: SCOTUS ideology

[The US Supreme Court] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Very conservative Somewhat conservative Moderate Somewhat liberal Very liberal n
sex
Male 15 40 37 6 2 656
Female 18 30 42 9 2 726
Another gender 0 87 13 0 0 12
age
18-29 11 34 45 9 2 262
30-44 14 29 46 7 3 373
45-59 18 36 36 8 1 338
60+ 20 38 34 6 1 437
education
Less than HS 5 34 52 3 5 87
HS graduate 14 32 42 10 2 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 16 32 44 7 1 387
Bachelor's degree 16 41 34 8 2 245
Post grad study/professional degree 25 38 30 5 1 259
income
Less than $30k 14 29 48 7 3 388
$30k to less than $50k 14 33 39 11 3 299
$50k to less than $75k 19 33 40 6 2 245
$75k to less than $100k 17 40 36 7 0 156
$100k or more 18 41 31 8 1 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 2 33 46 15 3 383
Independent 12 32 49 5 2 594
Democrat 34 40 21 4 1 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 15 31 44 8 2 320
Single, living with a partner 18 33 35 10 4 166
Married 15 37 38 8 1 682
Separated 7 36 40 13 3 29
Widowed 19 36 36 6 3 56
Divorced 20 34 42 3 2 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 15 36 39 8 2 874
Black Non-Hispanic 27 33 36 1 3 167
Hispanic 15 31 45 7 1 232
Other 15 37 36 11 1 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 7 41 37 11 4 103
Once a week 15 31 42 11 1 242
Once or twice a month 16 39 40 5 0 108
A few times a year 16 29 44 9 2 188
Seldom 16 40 37 5 3 355
Never 20 32 39 6 2 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 11 29 44 12 4 277
Mainline Protestant 16 30 44 8 2 210
Roman Catholic 12 36 39 11 2 296
No religion 23 37 36 4 1 434
Other religion 15 41 40 3 1 192
ideology
Very conservative 11 29 37 19 5 169
Somewhat conservative 4 33 50 12 2 332
Moderate 14 31 49 4 2 503
Somewhat liberal 24 49 22 5 0 266
Very liberal 47 30 20 1 2 139

D1: Next justice importance

How important is the choice of the next Supreme Court justice to you personally?
Very important Somewhat important Not too important Not at all important n
sex
Male 54 29 15 2 656
Female 49 33 13 4 726
Another gender 87 0 13 0 12
age
18-29 36 40 20 4 262
30-44 43 36 18 3 373
45-59 55 29 13 3 338
60+ 66 23 9 2 437
education
Less than HS 39 22 33 5 87
HS graduate 44 34 16 5 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 50 33 15 2 387
Bachelor's degree 57 33 8 2 245
Post grad study/professional degree 66 24 9 1 259
income
Less than $30k 44 34 17 4 388
$30k to less than $50k 49 32 17 3 299
$50k to less than $75k 50 32 15 3 245
$75k to less than $100k 59 27 10 3 156
$100k or more 66 25 8 1 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 51 35 11 2 383
Independent 44 33 18 5 594
Democrat 64 24 11 1 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 43 31 23 3 320
Single, living with a partner 38 45 13 4 166
Married 58 29 10 3 682
Separated 29 48 22 0 29
Widowed 65 18 14 3 56
Divorced 58 26 12 4 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 55 29 12 3 874
Black Non-Hispanic 53 23 19 6 167
Hispanic 40 42 16 1 232
Other 52 31 15 3 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 61 28 8 3 103
Once a week 54 32 12 2 242
Once or twice a month 55 26 18 1 108
A few times a year 41 48 10 2 188
Seldom 50 32 15 3 355
Never 54 24 17 5 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 57 29 11 3 277
Mainline Protestant 49 28 18 5 210
Roman Catholic 48 41 9 2 296
No religion 53 26 18 3 434
Other religion 52 33 12 3 192
ideology
Very conservative 71 23 6 0 169
Somewhat conservative 50 34 15 2 332
Moderate 38 37 19 6 503
Somewhat liberal 59 27 12 1 266
Very liberal 71 17 9 4 139

D2: Justice motivations

In general, what most often motivates Supreme Court justices’ decisions?
Mainly politics Mainly the law n
sex
Male 35 65 656
Female 42 58 726
Another gender 59 41 12
age
18-29 49 51 262
30-44 47 53 373
45-59 37 63 338
60+ 27 73 437
education
Less than HS 54 46 87
HS graduate 38 62 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 43 57 387
Bachelor's degree 37 63 245
Post grad study/professional degree 31 69 259
income
Less than $30k 41 59 388
$30k to less than $50k 43 57 299
$50k to less than $75k 41 59 245
$75k to less than $100k 38 62 156
$100k or more 31 69 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 34 66 383
Independent 39 61 594
Democrat 43 57 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 44 56 320
Single, living with a partner 49 51 166
Married 34 66 682
Separated 43 57 29
Widowed 30 70 56
Divorced 41 59 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 36 64 874
Black Non-Hispanic 53 47 167
Hispanic 46 54 232
Other 23 77 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 50 50 103
Once a week 32 68 242
Once or twice a month 43 57 108
A few times a year 39 61 188
Seldom 33 67 355
Never 45 55 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 35 65 277
Mainline Protestant 42 58 210
Roman Catholic 40 60 296
No religion 41 59 434
Other religion 34 66 192
ideology
Very conservative 40 60 169
Somewhat conservative 29 71 332
Moderate 39 61 503
Somewhat liberal 40 60 266
Very liberal 54 46 139

D3: SCOTUS majority

What is your guess as to whether a majority of the current US Supreme Court Justices were appointed by Democratic or Republican presidents?
Definitely a majority appointed by Democratic presidents Probably a majority appointed by Democratic presidents Probably a majority appointed by Republican presidents Definitely a majority appointed by Republican presidents n
sex
Male 3 17 47 33 656
Female 4 26 43 26 726
Another gender 0 0 100 0 12
age
18-29 4 28 46 21 262
30-44 4 24 43 29 373
45-59 5 22 45 28 338
60+ 1 15 48 35 437
education
Less than HS 3 24 42 29 87
HS graduate 5 32 41 22 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 4 24 46 26 387
Bachelor's degree 2 14 49 35 245
Post grad study/professional degree 2 7 51 40 259
income
Less than $30k 4 28 41 26 388
$30k to less than $50k 5 24 44 27 299
$50k to less than $75k 4 20 50 26 245
$75k to less than $100k 5 17 46 33 156
$100k or more 2 14 48 36 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 8 24 51 18 383
Independent 2 24 51 24 594
Democrat 3 18 34 46 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 3 25 43 29 320
Single, living with a partner 6 28 38 27 166
Married 3 20 48 29 682
Separated 7 24 43 27 29
Widowed 2 20 47 31 56
Divorced 6 14 47 33 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 4 19 48 29 874
Black Non-Hispanic 3 20 40 37 167
Hispanic 2 30 42 27 232
Other 5 25 43 26 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 6 16 45 32 103
Once a week 5 19 55 21 242
Once or twice a month 5 25 40 31 108
A few times a year 3 25 48 24 188
Seldom 3 22 46 30 355
Never 3 23 40 34 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 6 23 45 26 277
Mainline Protestant 2 25 48 25 210
Roman Catholic 3 22 51 24 296
No religion 3 19 42 35 434
Other religion 3 22 44 31 192
ideology
Very conservative 9 22 44 25 169
Somewhat conservative 6 21 54 19 332
Moderate 2 31 44 23 503
Somewhat liberal 0 13 46 40 266
Very liberal 3 5 33 58 139

D4: Judicial review

Does the Supreme Court have the power to review laws passed by Congress and to declare them invalid if they conflict with the Constitution?
Yes, the Supreme Court has this power No, the Supreme Court does not have this power n
sex
Male 88 12 656
Female 84 16 726
Another gender 100 0 12
age
18-29 85 15 262
30-44 89 10 373
45-59 84 16 338
60+ 85 15 437
education
Less than HS 76 24 87
HS graduate 84 16 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 88 12 387
Bachelor's degree 83 16 245
Post grad study/professional degree 91 9 259
income
Less than $30k 83 16 388
$30k to less than $50k 87 13 299
$50k to less than $75k 84 16 245
$75k to less than $100k 85 15 156
$100k or more 88 12 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 88 12 383
Independent 82 17 594
Democrat 88 11 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 89 11 320
Single, living with a partner 86 13 166
Married 85 15 682
Separated 79 21 29
Widowed 90 8 56
Divorced 82 16 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 86 14 874
Black Non-Hispanic 83 17 167
Hispanic 87 13 232
Other 89 10 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 91 9 103
Once a week 85 15 242
Once or twice a month 83 17 108
A few times a year 82 18 188
Seldom 85 14 355
Never 88 12 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 90 10 277
Mainline Protestant 84 14 210
Roman Catholic 77 23 296
No religion 88 11 434
Other religion 89 10 192
ideology
Very conservative 92 8 169
Somewhat conservative 87 13 332
Moderate 83 16 503
Somewhat liberal 83 16 266
Very liberal 91 9 139

D5: Law interpretation

How should Supreme Court justices interpret the law? Should they…?
Read the text of the law as written Use the commonly understood meaning at the time the law was written Interpret the law as it applies to current circumstances n
sex
Male 33 22 45 656
Female 32 20 48 726
Another gender 8 0 92 12
age
18-29 19 21 60 262
30-44 28 23 49 373
45-59 36 20 43 338
60+ 40 18 41 437
education
Less than HS 21 30 49 87
HS graduate 40 20 40 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 29 19 50 387
Bachelor's degree 31 22 47 245
Post grad study/professional degree 27 17 54 259
income
Less than $30k 35 22 42 388
$30k to less than $50k 30 17 53 299
$50k to less than $75k 30 20 50 245
$75k to less than $100k 39 20 41 156
$100k or more 30 20 50 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 51 21 27 383
Independent 33 22 45 594
Democrat 14 18 68 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 25 21 53 320
Single, living with a partner 28 16 56 166
Married 34 23 43 682
Separated 34 14 52 29
Widowed 50 13 36 56
Divorced 37 18 43 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 38 20 41 874
Black Non-Hispanic 19 22 59 167
Hispanic 23 22 55 232
Other 23 21 56 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 37 29 35 103
Once a week 44 19 36 242
Once or twice a month 25 33 42 108
A few times a year 41 16 42 188
Seldom 31 17 52 355
Never 23 20 56 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 45 22 33 277
Mainline Protestant 36 18 46 210
Roman Catholic 32 21 46 296
No religion 20 20 60 434
Other religion 38 21 40 192
ideology
Very conservative 58 24 17 169
Somewhat conservative 47 24 28 332
Moderate 27 21 51 503
Somewhat liberal 18 14 67 266
Very liberal 10 14 76 139

D6: Support political parties

Should justices of the Supreme Court support the positions of one of the political parties when making decisions or should they ignore the positions of any party?
Should support party positions Should ignore party positions n
sex
Male 11 89 656
Female 20 80 726
Another gender 0 100 12
age
18-29 28 71 262
30-44 23 77 373
45-59 13 87 338
60+ 3 96 437
education
Less than HS 37 63 87
HS graduate 26 73 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 12 88 387
Bachelor's degree 9 91 245
Post grad study/professional degree 3 97 259
income
Less than $30k 29 70 388
$30k to less than $50k 19 81 299
$50k to less than $75k 7 93 245
$75k to less than $100k 7 93 156
$100k or more 4 95 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 8 92 383
Independent 19 81 594
Democrat 18 82 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 23 77 320
Single, living with a partner 25 75 166
Married 12 88 682
Separated 16 84 29
Widowed 3 94 56
Divorced 11 87 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 9 90 874
Black Non-Hispanic 25 75 167
Hispanic 32 68 232
Other 16 84 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 14 86 103
Once a week 18 82 242
Once or twice a month 18 82 108
A few times a year 21 79 188
Seldom 12 87 355
Never 14 85 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 13 86 277
Mainline Protestant 14 85 210
Roman Catholic 20 80 296
No religion 14 86 434
Other religion 18 82 192
ideology
Very conservative 7 93 169
Somewhat conservative 8 91 332
Moderate 25 75 503
Somewhat liberal 14 86 266
Very liberal 11 87 139

D7: Consider public opinion

Should justices of the Supreme Court consider public opinion about a case when making decisions or should they ignore public opinion?
Should consider public opinion Should ignore public opinion n
sex
Male 34 66 656
Female 47 53 726
Another gender 51 49 12
age
18-29 60 39 262
30-44 52 48 373
45-59 33 67 338
60+ 26 73 437
education
Less than HS 75 25 87
HS graduate 49 50 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 41 58 387
Bachelor's degree 30 70 245
Post grad study/professional degree 26 74 259
income
Less than $30k 51 48 388
$30k to less than $50k 44 56 299
$50k to less than $75k 37 62 245
$75k to less than $100k 39 61 156
$100k or more 28 72 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 25 74 383
Independent 42 58 594
Democrat 54 46 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 50 50 320
Single, living with a partner 55 45 166
Married 36 64 682
Separated 29 71 29
Widowed 27 72 56
Divorced 38 61 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 34 65 874
Black Non-Hispanic 58 42 167
Hispanic 54 46 232
Other 41 59 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 31 68 103
Once a week 33 67 242
Once or twice a month 45 55 108
A few times a year 43 57 188
Seldom 38 62 355
Never 49 50 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 35 65 277
Mainline Protestant 34 65 210
Roman Catholic 41 58 296
No religion 49 50 434
Other religion 36 63 192
ideology
Very conservative 21 79 169
Somewhat conservative 25 75 332
Moderate 48 52 503
Somewhat liberal 53 46 266
Very liberal 57 43 139

D8: Follow precedent

Should justices of the Supreme Court follow previous decisions whenever possible or should the Court overturn previous decisions if a majority of the Court believes the case was wrongly decided?
Follow previous decisions Overturn if a majority think it was wrongly decided n
sex
Male 29 71 656
Female 24 76 726
Another gender 0 100 12
age
18-29 21 79 262
30-44 24 76 373
45-59 24 76 338
60+ 32 68 437
education
Less than HS 26 73 87
HS graduate 26 73 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 25 75 387
Bachelor's degree 24 75 245
Post grad study/professional degree 28 72 259
income
Less than $30k 30 69 388
$30k to less than $50k 22 78 299
$50k to less than $75k 16 84 245
$75k to less than $100k 29 71 156
$100k or more 29 71 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 20 79 383
Independent 25 75 594
Democrat 32 68 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 27 72 320
Single, living with a partner 21 79 166
Married 25 75 682
Separated 11 89 29
Widowed 41 57 56
Divorced 27 72 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 25 74 874
Black Non-Hispanic 25 75 167
Hispanic 26 74 232
Other 32 68 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 16 84 103
Once a week 24 76 242
Once or twice a month 32 68 108
A few times a year 24 76 188
Seldom 26 74 355
Never 28 71 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 21 79 277
Mainline Protestant 27 72 210
Roman Catholic 28 72 296
No religion 28 72 434
Other religion 25 75 192
ideology
Very conservative 18 82 169
Somewhat conservative 21 79 332
Moderate 27 73 503
Somewhat liberal 33 67 266
Very liberal 31 67 139

E1: Increase number of justices

[Increase the number of justices on the US Supreme Court] How much do you favor or oppose the following proposals affecting the Supreme Court?
Strongly favor Somewhat favor Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose n
sex
Male 16 28 17 39 656
Female 16 36 23 24 726
Another gender 8 50 13 30 12
age
18-29 18 44 23 15 262
30-44 18 42 20 20 373
45-59 17 28 21 34 338
60+ 13 20 19 48 437
education
Less than HS 19 37 21 22 87
HS graduate 13 33 22 32 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 19 31 21 28 387
Bachelor's degree 14 34 21 31 245
Post grad study/professional degree 18 29 16 38 259
income
Less than $30k 20 36 19 25 388
$30k to less than $50k 14 29 24 34 299
$50k to less than $75k 16 32 21 31 245
$75k to less than $100k 16 35 21 28 156
$100k or more 16 29 15 40 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 5 18 17 60 383
Independent 12 36 22 30 594
Democrat 32 39 21 7 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 15 35 26 23 320
Single, living with a partner 27 43 18 11 166
Married 14 28 19 39 682
Separated 2 51 26 22 29
Widowed 13 27 14 46 56
Divorced 22 30 17 31 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 14 27 18 41 874
Black Non-Hispanic 32 32 22 13 167
Hispanic 16 47 24 13 232
Other 13 39 25 23 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 9 30 11 49 103
Once a week 11 25 19 45 242
Once or twice a month 17 28 18 37 108
A few times a year 15 34 26 23 188
Seldom 17 34 19 29 355
Never 20 35 23 22 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 10 25 16 50 277
Mainline Protestant 19 27 21 32 210
Roman Catholic 10 34 27 28 296
No religion 23 36 20 20 434
Other religion 16 37 14 32 192
ideology
Very conservative 10 10 9 72 169
Somewhat conservative 4 20 18 58 332
Moderate 14 41 27 17 503
Somewhat liberal 21 47 21 12 266
Very liberal 51 28 13 7 139

E2: Institute fixed terms

[Have judges serve a fixed term on the court rather than serving life terms] How much do you favor or oppose the following proposals affecting the Supreme Court?
Strongly favor Somewhat favor Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose n
sex
Male 37 31 15 16 656
Female 43 33 15 9 726
Another gender 79 21 0 0 12
age
18-29 38 33 18 11 262
30-44 40 37 13 10 373
45-59 44 32 14 10 338
60+ 39 27 16 18 437
education
Less than HS 44 35 11 9 87
HS graduate 35 37 15 12 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 46 25 17 11 387
Bachelor's degree 42 34 11 13 245
Post grad study/professional degree 38 31 17 15 259
income
Less than $30k 37 35 18 10 388
$30k to less than $50k 40 33 13 13 299
$50k to less than $75k 43 30 15 12 245
$75k to less than $100k 45 29 13 13 156
$100k or more 42 28 14 17 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 28 32 19 21 383
Independent 40 30 16 14 594
Democrat 52 33 10 3 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 34 34 19 12 320
Single, living with a partner 48 37 11 4 166
Married 39 30 15 15 682
Separated 39 29 22 11 29
Widowed 42 29 17 12 56
Divorced 47 34 9 10 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 38 32 15 15 874
Black Non-Hispanic 55 27 12 6 167
Hispanic 41 34 20 4 232
Other 36 32 14 18 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 30 31 16 22 103
Once a week 34 33 16 17 242
Once or twice a month 31 34 24 11 108
A few times a year 46 29 17 8 188
Seldom 42 34 13 10 355
Never 45 31 12 11 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 37 26 19 18 277
Mainline Protestant 45 32 11 12 210
Roman Catholic 36 37 16 11 296
No religion 47 30 12 10 434
Other religion 32 38 17 13 192
ideology
Very conservative 28 27 18 27 169
Somewhat conservative 29 28 22 22 332
Moderate 41 38 14 6 503
Somewhat liberal 50 35 9 5 266
Very liberal 60 21 10 7 139

E3: Limit judicial review

[Limit the ability of the Supreme Court to review and set aside acts of Congress as unconstitutional] How much do you favor or oppose the following proposals affecting the Supreme Court?
Strongly favor Somewhat favor Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose n
sex
Male 7 25 26 42 656
Female 11 36 34 18 726
Another gender 0 0 71 29 12
age
18-29 7 32 38 23 262
30-44 12 34 30 24 373
45-59 8 31 34 27 338
60+ 11 27 24 39 437
education
Less than HS 16 25 27 30 87
HS graduate 9 42 27 23 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 10 31 30 29 387
Bachelor's degree 9 23 38 31 245
Post grad study/professional degree 9 21 31 38 259
income
Less than $30k 12 40 25 22 388
$30k to less than $50k 6 33 32 29 299
$50k to less than $75k 5 33 34 28 245
$75k to less than $100k 12 27 31 29 156
$100k or more 13 18 29 39 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 9 28 22 41 383
Independent 7 31 31 31 594
Democrat 12 33 38 16 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 5 30 37 27 320
Single, living with a partner 13 39 31 17 166
Married 9 30 28 34 682
Separated 16 16 46 22 29
Widowed 20 21 29 30 56
Divorced 14 36 25 26 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 8 29 26 37 874
Black Non-Hispanic 16 32 39 13 167
Hispanic 10 35 38 16 232
Other 10 32 38 20 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 8 24 36 31 103
Once a week 12 26 29 33 242
Once or twice a month 11 37 32 20 108
A few times a year 8 38 28 26 188
Seldom 10 32 27 31 355
Never 8 29 34 28 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 11 29 26 34 277
Mainline Protestant 9 30 28 33 210
Roman Catholic 6 39 31 24 296
No religion 10 29 33 28 434
Other religion 11 27 32 29 192
ideology
Very conservative 9 25 22 45 169
Somewhat conservative 8 25 23 44 332
Moderate 10 37 31 22 503
Somewhat liberal 10 30 42 18 266
Very liberal 14 29 34 23 139

F1: Rights expanded? LGBT

[Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Expanded rights Reduced rights Has not changed much either way n
sex
Male 75 6 18 656
Female 77 9 13 726
Another gender 92 0 8 12
age
18-29 78 8 14 262
30-44 75 9 16 373
45-59 76 9 14 338
60+ 78 7 16 437
education
Less than HS 73 10 16 87
HS graduate 73 7 20 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 75 10 14 387
Bachelor's degree 80 6 13 245
Post grad study/professional degree 81 8 11 259
income
Less than $30k 68 10 21 388
$30k to less than $50k 80 8 13 299
$50k to less than $75k 83 7 11 245
$75k to less than $100k 78 5 17 156
$100k or more 83 9 8 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 85 1 14 383
Independent 75 8 17 594
Democrat 71 14 15 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 70 9 20 320
Single, living with a partner 81 7 12 166
Married 79 9 13 682
Separated 70 4 27 29
Widowed 72 0 28 56
Divorced 78 9 13 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 80 6 14 874
Black Non-Hispanic 70 15 14 167
Hispanic 70 10 19 232
Other 70 10 21 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 81 6 13 103
Once a week 76 7 18 242
Once or twice a month 79 10 11 108
A few times a year 77 9 14 188
Seldom 79 7 14 355
Never 73 10 17 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 86 4 10 277
Mainline Protestant 76 9 16 210
Roman Catholic 70 7 23 296
No religion 76 10 14 434
Other religion 73 11 16 192
ideology
Very conservative 84 4 12 169
Somewhat conservative 82 2 16 332
Moderate 72 8 20 503
Somewhat liberal 79 14 8 266
Very liberal 68 16 16 139

F2: Rights expanded? Religion

[Religious people and organizations] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Expanded rights Reduced rights Has not changed much either way n
sex
Male 36 21 43 656
Female 31 21 47 726
Another gender 21 13 67 12
age
18-29 34 18 48 262
30-44 38 21 41 373
45-59 36 23 41 338
60+ 28 22 50 437
education
Less than HS 26 21 52 87
HS graduate 31 23 46 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 32 24 44 387
Bachelor's degree 39 19 42 245
Post grad study/professional degree 37 18 45 259
income
Less than $30k 34 19 47 388
$30k to less than $50k 30 25 45 299
$50k to less than $75k 28 22 50 245
$75k to less than $100k 33 26 41 156
$100k or more 40 20 39 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 21 35 45 383
Independent 33 21 46 594
Democrat 45 10 44 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 34 19 46 320
Single, living with a partner 34 14 52 166
Married 33 25 42 682
Separated 15 29 56 29
Widowed 27 23 50 56
Divorced 36 18 46 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 32 24 44 874
Black Non-Hispanic 38 18 44 167
Hispanic 37 18 45 232
Other 34 12 54 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 19 40 41 103
Once a week 22 32 46 242
Once or twice a month 37 30 34 108
A few times a year 33 24 43 188
Seldom 36 14 50 355
Never 41 13 46 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 18 33 49 277
Mainline Protestant 30 25 46 210
Roman Catholic 34 21 45 296
No religion 44 11 45 434
Other religion 34 25 41 192
ideology
Very conservative 21 45 34 169
Somewhat conservative 20 30 50 332
Moderate 33 17 50 503
Somewhat liberal 43 12 45 266
Very liberal 63 4 33 139

F3: Rights expanded? Guns

[Gun owners] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Expanded rights Reduced rights Has not changed much either way n
sex
Male 26 27 46 656
Female 29 27 44 726
Another gender 29 0 71 12
age
18-29 18 33 49 262
30-44 32 29 39 373
45-59 28 26 46 338
60+ 29 22 48 437
education
Less than HS 14 41 45 87
HS graduate 30 32 37 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 27 30 43 387
Bachelor's degree 28 20 52 245
Post grad study/professional degree 29 15 56 259
income
Less than $30k 34 26 40 388
$30k to less than $50k 22 32 45 299
$50k to less than $75k 23 29 48 245
$75k to less than $100k 26 22 52 156
$100k or more 27 26 46 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 14 41 45 383
Independent 24 28 48 594
Democrat 43 14 42 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 27 31 42 320
Single, living with a partner 28 31 41 166
Married 26 26 47 682
Separated 27 16 57 29
Widowed 27 25 48 56
Divorced 33 21 46 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 25 29 45 874
Black Non-Hispanic 42 11 48 167
Hispanic 30 30 40 232
Other 23 24 53 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 27 30 43 103
Once a week 24 31 45 242
Once or twice a month 28 27 45 108
A few times a year 23 32 45 188
Seldom 33 26 41 355
Never 27 22 50 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 19 32 49 277
Mainline Protestant 30 26 44 210
Roman Catholic 25 30 45 296
No religion 33 21 45 434
Other religion 29 29 42 192
ideology
Very conservative 16 37 47 169
Somewhat conservative 14 36 49 332
Moderate 27 29 44 503
Somewhat liberal 39 14 47 266
Very liberal 53 11 34 139

F4: Rights expanded? Abortion

[Those seeking an abortion] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Expanded rights Reduced rights Has not changed much either way n
sex
Male 24 40 35 656
Female 22 49 29 726
Another gender 0 80 20 12
age
18-29 26 51 23 262
30-44 25 46 29 373
45-59 22 42 36 338
60+ 20 43 37 437
education
Less than HS 30 48 21 87
HS graduate 28 38 33 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 24 45 31 387
Bachelor's degree 15 51 33 245
Post grad study/professional degree 16 50 33 259
income
Less than $30k 28 44 27 388
$30k to less than $50k 25 40 34 299
$50k to less than $75k 22 46 31 245
$75k to less than $100k 18 51 30 156
$100k or more 16 52 31 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 36 21 43 383
Independent 20 45 34 594
Democrat 15 66 19 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 24 51 25 320
Single, living with a partner 25 52 24 166
Married 22 42 36 682
Separated 15 44 41 29
Widowed 21 40 40 56
Divorced 27 40 33 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 23 42 35 874
Black Non-Hispanic 19 57 24 167
Hispanic 24 52 24 232
Other 24 42 33 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 35 32 33 103
Once a week 24 35 40 242
Once or twice a month 23 44 33 108
A few times a year 28 41 31 188
Seldom 24 46 30 355
Never 16 55 29 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 33 27 40 277
Mainline Protestant 19 47 34 210
Roman Catholic 27 41 32 296
No religion 18 57 25 434
Other religion 17 49 33 192
ideology
Very conservative 46 22 32 169
Somewhat conservative 30 24 47 332
Moderate 17 48 34 503
Somewhat liberal 18 62 20 266
Very liberal 9 79 12 139

F5: Rights expanded? Minority voting

[Voting rights of racial or ethnic minorities] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Expanded rights Reduced rights Has not changed much either way n
sex
Male 39 22 39 656
Female 37 23 39 726
Another gender 0 59 41 12
age
18-29 42 23 34 262
30-44 35 22 43 373
45-59 38 24 38 338
60+ 38 23 39 437
education
Less than HS 38 25 36 87
HS graduate 42 17 42 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 42 25 34 387
Bachelor's degree 31 23 46 245
Post grad study/professional degree 33 30 37 259
income
Less than $30k 38 22 39 388
$30k to less than $50k 43 21 36 299
$50k to less than $75k 38 20 42 245
$75k to less than $100k 34 25 41 156
$100k or more 33 29 37 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 50 3 47 383
Independent 37 22 40 594
Democrat 30 40 30 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 38 25 37 320
Single, living with a partner 40 25 35 166
Married 37 23 40 682
Separated 25 19 55 29
Widowed 40 11 47 56
Divorced 41 22 38 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 38 20 41 874
Black Non-Hispanic 23 41 36 167
Hispanic 43 23 34 232
Other 45 18 36 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 54 13 33 103
Once a week 36 17 47 242
Once or twice a month 44 21 35 108
A few times a year 41 20 38 188
Seldom 37 24 39 355
Never 33 30 37 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 45 9 45 277
Mainline Protestant 31 25 44 210
Roman Catholic 40 21 39 296
No religion 36 30 34 434
Other religion 37 26 36 192
ideology
Very conservative 47 7 46 169
Somewhat conservative 44 5 52 332
Moderate 40 24 35 503
Somewhat liberal 30 37 33 266
Very liberal 21 53 25 139

F6: Rights expanded? Political donations

[Contributors to political campaigns] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Expanded rights Reduced rights Has not changed much either way n
sex
Male 41 14 44 656
Female 36 15 48 726
Another gender 63 0 37 12
age
18-29 36 16 46 262
30-44 43 11 46 373
45-59 37 16 47 338
60+ 38 17 45 437
education
Less than HS 32 17 47 87
HS graduate 34 14 51 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 36 14 49 387
Bachelor's degree 43 18 38 245
Post grad study/professional degree 48 13 39 259
income
Less than $30k 38 14 47 388
$30k to less than $50k 31 14 53 299
$50k to less than $75k 40 14 46 245
$75k to less than $100k 41 16 43 156
$100k or more 47 15 38 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 31 13 56 383
Independent 34 19 46 594
Democrat 51 11 37 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 40 11 47 320
Single, living with a partner 45 13 42 166
Married 40 16 44 682
Separated 29 11 60 29
Widowed 28 14 58 56
Divorced 30 20 49 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 40 15 45 874
Black Non-Hispanic 34 17 47 167
Hispanic 40 12 47 232
Other 34 18 48 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 27 20 53 103
Once a week 34 19 47 242
Once or twice a month 35 28 35 108
A few times a year 41 11 48 188
Seldom 42 12 46 355
Never 42 12 45 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 29 14 57 277
Mainline Protestant 37 18 46 210
Roman Catholic 39 16 44 296
No religion 48 11 40 434
Other religion 33 18 47 192
ideology
Very conservative 30 18 52 169
Somewhat conservative 28 19 53 332
Moderate 36 15 49 503
Somewhat liberal 54 11 34 266
Very liberal 58 8 33 139

F7: CDC eviction moratorium

The Supreme Court recently ruled that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) did not have the power to extend a moratorium on evicting renters during the coronavirus pandemic, saying this would require an act of Congress. Do you favor or oppose the Court’s decision, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Heard nothing at all Heard of but not enough for an opinion Heard of and favor the decision Heard of and oppose the decision n
sex
Male 14 26 46 14 656
Female 17 33 33 17 726
Another gender 8 42 21 29 12
age
18-29 26 34 22 18 262
30-44 20 33 34 13 373
45-59 13 33 40 14 338
60+ 9 22 51 18 437
education
Less than HS 39 26 17 19 87
HS graduate 17 33 37 12 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 15 30 37 17 387
Bachelor's degree 13 29 42 15 245
Post grad study/professional degree 10 27 45 17 259
income
Less than $30k 23 30 27 19 388
$30k to less than $50k 16 32 37 14 299
$50k to less than $75k 12 32 43 12 245
$75k to less than $100k 13 24 45 17 156
$100k or more 8 31 45 15 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 18 20 57 5 383
Independent 13 34 39 14 594
Democrat 17 33 22 27 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 20 32 30 19 320
Single, living with a partner 19 38 24 18 166
Married 13 27 47 12 682
Separated 20 26 27 27 29
Widowed 20 29 36 15 56
Divorced 15 31 38 16 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 13 26 48 13 874
Black Non-Hispanic 18 35 21 26 167
Hispanic 22 41 17 20 232
Other 20 34 37 9 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 11 35 46 8 103
Once a week 17 26 45 11 242
Once or twice a month 14 35 36 16 108
A few times a year 14 28 36 21 188
Seldom 16 31 40 13 355
Never 18 30 33 19 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 13 29 49 9 277
Mainline Protestant 17 29 36 18 210
Roman Catholic 20 31 36 12 296
No religion 14 32 34 21 434
Other religion 17 27 41 14 192
ideology
Very conservative 16 17 58 8 169
Somewhat conservative 14 20 61 6 332
Moderate 19 39 30 11 503
Somewhat liberal 12 37 28 23 266
Very liberal 18 24 12 47 139

F8: “Remain in Mexico”

The Supreme Court recently let stand a lower court order that the Biden administration must reinstate a Trump era policy requiring many asylum seekers to wait outside the United States for their cases to be decided, also known as “Remain in Mexico.” Do you favor or oppose the Court’s decision, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Heard nothing at all Heard of but not enough for an opinion Heard of and favor the decision Heard of and oppose the decision n
sex
Male 14 17 47 22 656
Female 19 22 36 22 726
Another gender 37 33 0 30 12
age
18-29 25 23 23 29 262
30-44 23 25 33 19 373
45-59 13 19 48 20 338
60+ 10 14 51 23 437
education
Less than HS 38 17 11 32 87
HS graduate 16 21 47 15 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 18 18 41 22 387
Bachelor's degree 16 22 38 24 245
Post grad study/professional degree 9 19 42 29 259
income
Less than $30k 25 26 28 21 388
$30k to less than $50k 17 14 46 23 299
$50k to less than $75k 11 17 48 23 245
$75k to less than $100k 12 22 45 20 156
$100k or more 11 19 44 26 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 13 8 76 2 383
Independent 21 24 34 20 594
Democrat 14 25 17 43 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 23 23 29 25 320
Single, living with a partner 26 22 29 22 166
Married 12 19 47 21 682
Separated 19 22 45 15 29
Widowed 16 9 58 14 56
Divorced 13 18 42 26 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 14 15 50 19 874
Black Non-Hispanic 24 26 20 30 167
Hispanic 20 26 23 31 232
Other 16 32 35 16 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 17 17 55 10 103
Once a week 18 17 50 14 242
Once or twice a month 10 33 43 14 108
A few times a year 15 24 36 24 188
Seldom 17 17 43 21 355
Never 18 19 31 32 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 19 16 58 7 277
Mainline Protestant 12 22 42 22 210
Roman Catholic 16 22 36 25 296
No religion 19 19 30 31 434
Other religion 15 21 44 19 192
ideology
Very conservative 9 8 76 6 169
Somewhat conservative 13 10 73 4 332
Moderate 21 31 28 19 503
Somewhat liberal 22 21 16 40 266
Very liberal 9 17 12 63 139

G1: COVID vaccine status

Have you personally received the coronavirus vaccine, or not? Did you receive a single-dose vaccine, the first of two doses,or have you gotten both doses of a two-dose vaccine?
Yes-Single dose vaccine (J&J) Yes-Received first of two doses (Pfizer/Moderna) Yes-Gotten both doses (Pfizer/Moderna) No-Have not received vaccine n
sex
Male 5 13 59 23 656
Female 6 14 55 24 726
Another gender 0 29 58 13 12
age
18-29 5 15 56 24 262
30-44 3 11 50 36 373
45-59 8 14 57 19 338
60+ 7 13 64 14 437
education
Less than HS 4 7 47 43 87
HS graduate 4 14 46 33 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 6 17 56 21 387
Bachelor's degree 7 9 69 15 245
Post grad study/professional degree 6 13 70 11 259
income
Less than $30k 6 15 47 31 388
$30k to less than $50k 6 9 56 28 299
$50k to less than $75k 5 13 62 20 245
$75k to less than $100k 5 14 61 19 156
$100k or more 5 12 68 14 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 5 12 47 35 383
Independent 7 14 53 25 594
Democrat 5 13 72 9 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 5 14 54 27 320
Single, living with a partner 1 11 60 27 166
Married 7 12 58 21 682
Separated 2 15 53 31 29
Widowed 15 9 59 16 56
Divorced 4 18 55 23 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 6 11 57 25 874
Black Non-Hispanic 9 11 51 28 167
Hispanic 1 21 55 23 232
Other 11 12 72 5 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 2 21 46 31 103
Once a week 9 10 57 23 242
Once or twice a month 5 14 57 24 108
A few times a year 6 25 49 18 188
Seldom 7 13 55 25 355
Never 4 8 65 22 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 8 9 46 36 277
Mainline Protestant 6 10 57 27 210
Roman Catholic 4 19 61 16 296
No religion 5 11 62 21 434
Other religion 7 19 57 16 192
ideology
Very conservative 11 8 38 42 169
Somewhat conservative 6 12 47 34 332
Moderate 4 16 60 19 503
Somewhat liberal 5 14 69 11 266
Very liberal 5 7 72 15 139

G2: COVID vaccine intention

Will you definitely get a coronavirus vaccine, probably get it, probably not get it, or definitely not get it?
Definitely get it Probably get it Probably not get it Definitely not get it n
sex
Male 3 19 21 56 149
Female 1 10 28 61 171
Another gender 0 100 0 0 1
age
18-29 0 24 21 55 64
30-44 1 16 28 55 135
45-59 5 15 25 55 65
60+ 4 4 21 72 63
education
Less than HS 1 19 21 58 37
HS graduate 3 14 22 61 143
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 0 17 30 52 81
Bachelor's degree 5 13 34 48 36
Post grad study/professional degree 0 13 13 74 29
income
Less than $30k 4 16 19 61 120
$30k to less than $50k 1 15 27 56 85
$50k to less than $75k 2 11 36 51 48
$75k to less than $100k 0 24 25 51 30
$100k or more 0 7 27 66 30
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 2 10 22 67 136
Independent 2 16 30 52 150
Democrat 5 30 16 50 38
marital status
Single, that is never married 4 18 24 53 87
Single, living with a partner 0 20 31 49 45
Married 0 13 23 64 140
Separated 5 24 39 32 9
Widowed 24 0 38 38 9
Divorced 0 14 15 71 37
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 1 10 27 62 215
Black Non-Hispanic 4 19 24 53 47
Hispanic 1 25 21 53 53
Other 31 69 0 0 6
religious service attendance
More than once a week 0 4 18 78 32
Once a week 10 15 25 50 56
Once or twice a month 0 31 20 49 26
A few times a year 1 15 32 52 33
Seldom 1 19 30 50 87
Never 0 11 20 69 91
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 4 11 28 57 99
Mainline Protestant 4 11 28 57 56
Roman Catholic 1 22 28 50 48
No religion 0 18 19 63 93
Other religion 0 16 20 64 30
ideology
Very conservative 3 8 8 80 71
Somewhat conservative 3 12 36 50 111
Moderate 0 20 24 57 94
Somewhat liberal 1 31 32 36 28
Very liberal 5 17 14 64 21

G3: Public school mask requirement

Do you support or oppose requiring teachers and students in public elementary and high schools to wear masks?
Strongly support Somewhat support Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose n
sex
Male 48 16 15 20 656
Female 55 19 11 15 726
Another gender 100 0 0 0 12
age
18-29 57 20 10 12 262
30-44 49 18 15 19 373
45-59 52 16 13 19 338
60+ 52 16 14 17 437
education
Less than HS 50 16 20 13 87
HS graduate 38 24 16 21 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 57 14 11 17 387
Bachelor's degree 57 17 14 12 245
Post grad study/professional degree 64 11 10 15 259
income
Less than $30k 52 22 11 16 388
$30k to less than $50k 51 14 15 20 299
$50k to less than $75k 44 23 20 13 245
$75k to less than $100k 54 13 10 22 156
$100k or more 56 13 13 18 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 20 23 24 33 383
Independent 49 19 14 18 594
Democrat 85 11 2 2 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 54 21 12 12 320
Single, living with a partner 67 11 9 13 166
Married 47 16 15 22 682
Separated 47 27 24 3 29
Widowed 47 25 9 18 56
Divorced 56 18 13 13 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 42 18 17 22 874
Black Non-Hispanic 78 12 6 3 167
Hispanic 62 20 8 10 232
Other 67 10 7 13 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 35 13 24 27 103
Once a week 41 24 13 21 242
Once or twice a month 45 26 13 14 108
A few times a year 51 15 17 17 188
Seldom 56 19 9 15 355
Never 61 12 13 14 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 36 18 20 26 277
Mainline Protestant 46 22 13 18 210
Roman Catholic 50 21 15 15 296
No religion 63 13 8 15 434
Other religion 59 17 12 12 192
ideology
Very conservative 15 16 21 47 169
Somewhat conservative 21 22 24 31 332
Moderate 60 21 9 9 503
Somewhat liberal 78 13 7 2 266
Very liberal 90 3 4 4 139

G4: Public university vaccine requirement

Do you support or oppose public universities requiring that all students be vaccinated against the coronavirus, with exceptions for religious objections or medical reasons?
Strongly support Somewhat support Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose n
sex
Male 47 16 11 26 656
Female 48 16 12 24 726
Another gender 71 29 0 0 12
age
18-29 46 20 10 25 262
30-44 41 15 13 31 373
45-59 46 18 11 25 338
60+ 57 12 11 21 437
education
Less than HS 34 22 18 26 87
HS graduate 34 18 16 32 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 51 15 8 26 387
Bachelor's degree 55 14 11 19 245
Post grad study/professional degree 64 13 5 17 259
income
Less than $30k 44 20 14 22 388
$30k to less than $50k 45 13 11 32 299
$50k to less than $75k 46 15 14 25 245
$75k to less than $100k 52 15 5 27 156
$100k or more 58 13 6 23 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 21 16 18 44 383
Independent 44 18 11 27 594
Democrat 77 12 5 6 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 44 19 13 23 320
Single, living with a partner 53 16 11 20 166
Married 48 13 11 28 682
Separated 44 24 14 18 29
Widowed 50 25 9 15 56
Divorced 52 13 9 25 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 45 13 12 30 874
Black Non-Hispanic 53 15 8 23 167
Hispanic 50 23 11 17 232
Other 61 24 9 6 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 35 9 19 37 103
Once a week 41 19 17 23 242
Once or twice a month 41 22 8 29 108
A few times a year 46 16 6 31 188
Seldom 50 19 10 21 355
Never 56 10 10 23 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 32 15 13 40 277
Mainline Protestant 48 17 7 27 210
Roman Catholic 44 19 19 18 296
No religion 58 12 8 23 434
Other religion 55 17 10 18 192
ideology
Very conservative 18 12 12 58 169
Somewhat conservative 23 19 17 42 332
Moderate 54 17 11 18 503
Somewhat liberal 71 13 10 6 266
Very liberal 79 11 2 8 139

G5: COVID level in your state

Do you think the current level of coronavirus cases in your state is a serious problem or not a serious problem?
Serious problem Not serious problem n
sex
Male 67 33 656
Female 69 31 726
Another gender 41 59 12
age
18-29 61 39 262
30-44 69 31 373
45-59 69 30 338
60+ 70 30 437
education
Less than HS 73 27 87
HS graduate 62 38 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 68 31 387
Bachelor's degree 69 31 245
Post grad study/professional degree 74 26 259
income
Less than $30k 72 28 388
$30k to less than $50k 63 37 299
$50k to less than $75k 69 30 245
$75k to less than $100k 62 38 156
$100k or more 70 30 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 49 51 383
Independent 64 36 594
Democrat 90 10 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 67 33 320
Single, living with a partner 71 29 166
Married 67 33 682
Separated 68 32 29
Widowed 64 36 56
Divorced 74 26 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 61 39 874
Black Non-Hispanic 89 11 167
Hispanic 78 21 232
Other 71 29 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 64 36 103
Once a week 60 40 242
Once or twice a month 68 32 108
A few times a year 69 31 188
Seldom 69 31 355
Never 72 28 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 64 35 277
Mainline Protestant 64 36 210
Roman Catholic 69 31 296
No religion 69 31 434
Other religion 74 25 192
ideology
Very conservative 48 52 169
Somewhat conservative 49 51 332
Moderate 75 25 503
Somewhat liberal 84 16 266
Very liberal 83 17 139

H1: Favor/Oppose strike down Roe

[Overturn Roe versus Wade, thus strike down the 1973 decision that made abortion legal in all 50 states.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Heard nothing at all Heard of but not enough for an opinion Favor Oppose n
sex
Male 10 19 22 48 656
Female 12 18 19 51 726
Another gender 0 0 13 87 12
age
18-29 14 16 11 59 262
30-44 20 14 20 46 373
45-59 7 25 16 52 338
60+ 5 18 29 48 437
education
Less than HS 23 32 13 32 87
HS graduate 15 25 20 40 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 12 17 17 54 387
Bachelor's degree 6 11 25 58 245
Post grad study/professional degree 5 11 23 61 259
income
Less than $30k 18 24 15 43 388
$30k to less than $50k 12 15 22 51 299
$50k to less than $75k 9 15 23 53 245
$75k to less than $100k 7 18 26 49 156
$100k or more 5 15 23 57 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 11 25 41 24 383
Independent 11 20 19 50 594
Democrat 11 10 3 76 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 15 15 13 58 320
Single, living with a partner 11 17 7 65 166
Married 10 19 27 44 682
Separated 8 33 17 42 29
Widowed 3 21 34 43 56
Divorced 12 22 15 51 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 7 18 26 49 874
Black Non-Hispanic 17 16 9 58 167
Hispanic 21 18 10 51 232
Other 17 22 15 46 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 9 19 53 18 103
Once a week 11 20 35 35 242
Once or twice a month 14 21 24 41 108
A few times a year 13 20 19 49 188
Seldom 12 19 14 55 355
Never 9 16 8 67 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 11 18 46 25 277
Mainline Protestant 11 20 14 55 210
Roman Catholic 12 26 19 43 296
No religion 9 11 8 71 434
Other religion 12 22 19 47 192
ideology
Very conservative 8 20 62 11 169
Somewhat conservative 9 25 36 30 332
Moderate 15 22 10 53 503
Somewhat liberal 8 10 2 80 266
Very liberal 9 4 3 84 139

H2: Favor/Oppose extend 2nd Amendment

[Rule that the 2nd Amendment right to “keep and bear arms” protects the right to carry a gun outside the home.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Heard nothing at all Heard of but not enough for an opinion Favor Oppose n
sex
Male 10 15 49 25 656
Female 12 20 41 26 726
Another gender 8 50 0 42 12
age
18-29 12 22 43 22 262
30-44 12 22 39 26 373
45-59 11 18 48 23 338
60+ 10 11 48 31 437
education
Less than HS 19 10 55 16 87
HS graduate 13 21 51 15 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 10 17 48 25 387
Bachelor's degree 12 21 33 34 245
Post grad study/professional degree 7 13 37 42 259
income
Less than $30k 16 18 44 21 388
$30k to less than $50k 9 21 46 24 299
$50k to less than $75k 11 16 45 28 245
$75k to less than $100k 11 21 44 24 156
$100k or more 5 14 44 36 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 8 13 73 6 383
Independent 13 21 44 22 594
Democrat 11 19 20 49 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 12 21 39 28 320
Single, living with a partner 11 21 42 26 166
Married 10 17 48 25 682
Separated 12 28 40 21 29
Widowed 19 9 43 28 56
Divorced 13 13 45 28 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 10 15 51 24 874
Black Non-Hispanic 13 24 31 32 167
Hispanic 14 23 35 27 232
Other 11 21 34 34 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 14 17 56 13 103
Once a week 13 17 49 21 242
Once or twice a month 7 20 51 22 108
A few times a year 11 19 47 23 188
Seldom 7 17 47 29 355
Never 15 18 34 33 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 11 14 61 14 277
Mainline Protestant 5 19 47 27 210
Roman Catholic 15 22 39 24 296
No religion 11 16 37 35 434
Other religion 15 20 43 23 192
ideology
Very conservative 4 12 77 7 169
Somewhat conservative 9 14 69 6 332
Moderate 14 23 36 27 503
Somewhat liberal 11 20 22 47 266
Very liberal 13 11 21 52 139

H3: Favor/Oppose extend parochial school aid

[Rule that a state program that provides financial support for students attending private schools cannot exclude students attending private religious schools from receiving that support.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Heard nothing at all Heard of but not enough for an opinion Favor Oppose n
sex
Male 27 17 37 18 656
Female 37 20 30 12 726
Another gender 37 33 0 30 12
age
18-29 37 18 27 16 262
30-44 37 22 28 12 373
45-59 34 18 33 15 338
60+ 24 15 43 17 437
education
Less than HS 37 26 24 10 87
HS graduate 34 21 31 14 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 34 16 37 13 387
Bachelor's degree 32 21 33 14 245
Post grad study/professional degree 27 13 37 23 259
income
Less than $30k 40 19 27 13 388
$30k to less than $50k 36 15 37 12 299
$50k to less than $75k 29 18 40 12 245
$75k to less than $100k 26 20 29 25 156
$100k or more 27 15 37 21 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 34 9 52 5 383
Independent 34 21 31 13 594
Democrat 28 23 21 26 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 35 19 31 15 320
Single, living with a partner 40 18 24 17 166
Married 28 18 38 15 682
Separated 44 13 29 12 29
Widowed 41 14 36 9 56
Divorced 32 20 30 17 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 30 16 39 16 874
Black Non-Hispanic 40 21 23 14 167
Hispanic 36 24 27 13 232
Other 35 22 24 19 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 28 14 54 4 103
Once a week 30 16 45 8 242
Once or twice a month 26 25 26 21 108
A few times a year 32 23 35 10 188
Seldom 33 15 36 16 355
Never 36 20 21 23 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 31 13 47 7 277
Mainline Protestant 31 18 36 15 210
Roman Catholic 30 23 39 7 296
No religion 35 18 22 25 434
Other religion 35 19 29 17 192
ideology
Very conservative 21 9 62 7 169
Somewhat conservative 39 11 44 5 332
Moderate 34 24 29 13 503
Somewhat liberal 32 24 20 23 266
Very liberal 25 18 17 40 139

H4: Favor/Oppose ban university affirmative action

[Rule that colleges cannot use race as one of several factors in deciding which applicants to admit.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Heard nothing at all Heard of but not enough for an opinion Favor Oppose n
sex
Male 17 16 52 15 656
Female 22 12 55 11 726
Another gender 37 0 30 33 12
age
18-29 18 17 58 7 262
30-44 24 16 49 10 373
45-59 19 13 51 16 338
60+ 16 10 56 16 437
education
Less than HS 29 24 39 8 87
HS graduate 23 14 53 9 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 20 12 57 10 387
Bachelor's degree 19 14 51 15 245
Post grad study/professional degree 10 12 54 24 259
income
Less than $30k 29 16 42 12 388
$30k to less than $50k 21 12 56 11 299
$50k to less than $75k 16 15 57 11 245
$75k to less than $100k 15 15 52 15 156
$100k or more 8 12 60 18 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 21 5 68 6 383
Independent 21 17 52 9 594
Democrat 17 17 41 25 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 21 16 49 14 320
Single, living with a partner 24 14 54 7 166
Married 17 14 55 13 682
Separated 19 20 59 3 29
Widowed 30 5 58 8 56
Divorced 20 10 52 17 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 19 10 58 12 874
Black Non-Hispanic 26 14 40 19 167
Hispanic 16 29 40 16 232
Other 17 13 63 8 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 24 12 57 8 103
Once a week 20 9 60 9 242
Once or twice a month 8 24 56 9 108
A few times a year 17 15 52 14 188
Seldom 20 12 54 14 355
Never 21 15 48 15 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 22 7 61 9 277
Mainline Protestant 18 8 57 16 210
Roman Catholic 19 20 47 11 296
No religion 19 15 50 16 434
Other religion 19 17 55 9 192
ideology
Very conservative 14 6 66 11 169
Somewhat conservative 19 8 68 4 332
Moderate 22 18 47 12 503
Somewhat liberal 19 17 46 18 266
Very liberal 17 14 38 31 139

H5: Favor/Oppose restrict social media

[Rule in favor of laws that restrict the ability of social media companies such as Facebook, Twitter or YouTube to exclude public officials from their platforms.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Heard nothing at all Heard of but not enough for an opinion Favor Oppose n
sex
Male 14 16 39 31 656
Female 17 22 40 21 726
Another gender 37 0 51 13 12
age
18-29 16 27 32 24 262
30-44 24 20 34 22 373
45-59 13 18 41 28 338
60+ 9 14 47 30 437
education
Less than HS 12 27 31 26 87
HS graduate 22 20 38 21 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 16 16 40 27 387
Bachelor's degree 11 21 39 29 245
Post grad study/professional degree 9 16 44 31 259
income
Less than $30k 22 25 30 23 388
$30k to less than $50k 18 18 40 23 299
$50k to less than $75k 13 18 44 25 245
$75k to less than $100k 10 14 46 30 156
$100k or more 9 13 45 32 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 16 14 47 22 383
Independent 15 21 39 25 594
Democrat 15 20 33 31 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 18 22 32 28 320
Single, living with a partner 18 25 35 22 166
Married 13 16 43 27 682
Separated 25 25 25 25 29
Widowed 15 30 35 20 56
Divorced 18 12 46 24 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 12 15 43 29 874
Black Non-Hispanic 22 21 36 21 167
Hispanic 20 28 31 21 232
Other 16 23 39 23 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 18 15 40 27 103
Once a week 14 26 42 17 242
Once or twice a month 15 19 43 23 108
A few times a year 14 25 37 24 188
Seldom 14 16 45 25 355
Never 18 15 33 35 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 14 16 51 18 277
Mainline Protestant 14 20 37 29 210
Roman Catholic 19 23 37 20 296
No religion 13 15 37 35 434
Other religion 18 22 34 26 192
ideology
Very conservative 10 13 52 25 169
Somewhat conservative 16 18 46 20 332
Moderate 18 21 37 23 503
Somewhat liberal 14 19 33 33 266
Very liberal 13 19 27 41 139

H6: Favor/Oppose expand state election authority

[Rule that states have wide authority to regulate elections and voting requirements.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Heard nothing at all Heard of but not enough for an opinion Favor Oppose n
sex
Male 14 21 29 35 656
Female 20 24 24 31 726
Another gender 0 0 0 100 12
age
18-29 23 27 20 30 262
30-44 25 24 23 27 373
45-59 14 26 25 35 338
60+ 10 15 33 41 437
education
Less than HS 36 20 23 21 87
HS graduate 21 26 31 23 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 17 24 23 34 387
Bachelor's degree 12 21 22 44 245
Post grad study/professional degree 10 14 28 47 259
income
Less than $30k 23 26 26 25 388
$30k to less than $50k 18 23 28 31 299
$50k to less than $75k 21 17 25 37 245
$75k to less than $100k 13 19 26 41 156
$100k or more 9 21 24 46 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 18 22 43 16 383
Independent 18 26 25 31 594
Democrat 14 18 13 54 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 20 24 20 35 320
Single, living with a partner 21 30 18 31 166
Married 14 21 30 34 682
Separated 15 36 18 32 29
Widowed 28 6 32 32 56
Divorced 17 19 28 35 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 14 22 32 32 874
Black Non-Hispanic 22 15 14 49 167
Hispanic 20 25 19 35 232
Other 19 29 20 32 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 14 25 43 16 103
Once a week 20 22 31 27 242
Once or twice a month 24 18 27 31 108
A few times a year 14 29 28 27 188
Seldom 15 22 23 40 355
Never 18 20 22 40 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 19 20 37 23 277
Mainline Protestant 17 23 28 32 210
Roman Catholic 18 22 27 31 296
No religion 16 21 18 46 434
Other religion 18 27 25 29 192
ideology
Very conservative 12 11 57 19 169
Somewhat conservative 18 25 38 18 332
Moderate 21 25 21 32 503
Somewhat liberal 13 23 11 53 266
Very liberal 16 16 8 61 139

H7: Favor/Oppose ban abortions after 15 weeks

[Rule to uphold a state law that (except in cases of medical emergencies or fetal abnormalities) bans abortions after the 15th week of pregnancy.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Heard nothing at all Heard of but not enough for an opinion Favor Oppose n
sex
Male 11 16 40 33 656
Female 10 16 40 34 726
Another gender 8 42 0 51 12
age
18-29 14 19 32 36 262
30-44 14 17 37 32 373
45-59 11 16 40 33 338
60+ 7 14 46 34 437
education
Less than HS 29 10 40 22 87
HS graduate 13 21 43 23 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 12 17 37 34 387
Bachelor's degree 6 16 36 42 245
Post grad study/professional degree 4 8 42 46 259
income
Less than $30k 18 21 33 29 388
$30k to less than $50k 11 16 42 31 299
$50k to less than $75k 8 12 44 35 245
$75k to less than $100k 7 14 44 34 156
$100k or more 2 11 43 43 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 10 12 69 9 383
Independent 12 19 38 30 594
Democrat 10 15 15 59 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 13 17 27 43 320
Single, living with a partner 14 18 24 43 166
Married 10 14 48 29 682
Separated 14 28 30 28 29
Widowed 5 21 47 26 56
Divorced 9 18 44 29 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 8 13 47 32 874
Black Non-Hispanic 16 17 31 36 167
Hispanic 16 26 23 36 232
Other 13 20 27 40 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 8 13 62 16 103
Once a week 10 13 62 16 242
Once or twice a month 8 18 49 24 108
A few times a year 11 18 39 33 188
Seldom 8 23 33 36 355
Never 15 11 25 49 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 11 11 66 12 277
Mainline Protestant 6 20 40 34 210
Roman Catholic 16 20 39 25 296
No religion 11 11 24 54 434
Other religion 9 22 38 32 192
ideology
Very conservative 6 5 81 8 169
Somewhat conservative 10 15 63 11 332
Moderate 13 23 31 33 503
Somewhat liberal 9 15 17 59 266
Very liberal 14 8 8 69 139

H8: Favor/Oppose ban abortion after 6 weeks

[Rule to uphold a state law that bans most abortions after about six weeks of pregnancy.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Heard nothing at all Heard of but not enough for an opinion Favor Oppose n
sex
Male 11 16 31 43 656
Female 8 13 29 49 726
Another gender 8 0 13 80 12
age
18-29 9 17 21 53 262
30-44 12 15 28 45 373
45-59 10 15 31 44 338
60+ 6 12 35 45 437
education
Less than HS 18 11 26 45 87
HS graduate 15 18 34 33 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 8 16 28 48 387
Bachelor's degree 6 9 31 54 245
Post grad study/professional degree 3 12 26 58 259
income
Less than $30k 16 16 26 42 388
$30k to less than $50k 9 12 33 46 299
$50k to less than $75k 6 15 31 48 245
$75k to less than $100k 7 13 34 44 156
$100k or more 2 11 32 54 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 11 15 57 17 383
Independent 10 16 27 47 594
Democrat 7 12 9 71 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 11 16 18 54 320
Single, living with a partner 12 12 16 61 166
Married 8 15 37 40 682
Separated 1 24 27 48 29
Widowed 4 3 47 45 56
Divorced 12 12 32 44 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 7 12 35 45 874
Black Non-Hispanic 11 14 19 55 167
Hispanic 12 24 18 46 232
Other 17 13 25 45 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 8 11 61 20 103
Once a week 10 13 49 26 242
Once or twice a month 5 22 32 40 108
A few times a year 8 19 28 45 188
Seldom 7 17 25 51 355
Never 12 10 15 62 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 11 14 56 19 277
Mainline Protestant 7 13 28 52 210
Roman Catholic 13 19 32 35 296
No religion 9 11 10 69 434
Other religion 5 18 34 44 192
ideology
Very conservative 8 10 70 10 169
Somewhat conservative 10 16 54 20 332
Moderate 11 20 19 51 503
Somewhat liberal 6 9 8 77 266
Very liberal 9 9 3 79 139

H9: Court system’s election handling

There were some 60 cases in state and federal courts challenging various aspects of the 2020 presidential election. Do you approve or disapprove of the way the courts handled these cases or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Heard nothing at all Heard of but not enough for an opinion Approve Disapprove n
sex
Male 8 32 33 26 656
Female 13 40 25 23 726
Another gender 8 29 30 33 12
age
18-29 16 52 20 13 262
30-44 14 41 24 21 373
45-59 10 31 32 27 338
60+ 5 27 36 32 437
education
Less than HS 23 42 20 15 87
HS graduate 12 38 22 28 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 11 37 26 25 387
Bachelor's degree 9 34 38 19 245
Post grad study/professional degree 5 32 38 24 259
income
Less than $30k 18 38 22 22 388
$30k to less than $50k 11 36 23 30 299
$50k to less than $75k 10 34 32 24 245
$75k to less than $100k 5 37 31 27 156
$100k or more 4 31 44 21 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 7 34 10 49 383
Independent 12 43 27 17 594
Democrat 12 29 48 11 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 12 42 30 17 320
Single, living with a partner 15 40 22 22 166
Married 9 34 31 26 682
Separated 18 40 22 21 29
Widowed 17 22 35 26 56
Divorced 9 34 24 33 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 8 33 29 30 874
Black Non-Hispanic 15 39 36 10 167
Hispanic 17 39 26 18 232
Other 9 47 26 18 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 5 45 15 34 103
Once a week 11 33 27 29 242
Once or twice a month 10 55 19 17 108
A few times a year 12 34 24 30 188
Seldom 8 35 36 20 355
Never 13 33 32 22 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 11 37 21 32 277
Mainline Protestant 9 36 34 21 210
Roman Catholic 11 35 25 29 296
No religion 11 34 37 19 434
Other religion 11 43 24 22 192
ideology
Very conservative 5 32 9 53 169
Somewhat conservative 7 41 15 38 332
Moderate 13 40 32 15 503
Somewhat liberal 10 34 44 12 266
Very liberal 18 23 47 13 139

X1: Voted in 2016

In any election, some people are not able to vote because they are sick or busy or have some other reason, and others do not want to vote. Did you vote in the election held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020?
Yes No n
sex
Male 83 17 656
Female 82 18 726
Another gender 70 30 12
age
18-29 65 34 262
30-44 74 26 373
45-59 89 11 338
60+ 93 7 437
education
Less than HS 49 50 87
HS graduate 74 26 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 86 14 387
Bachelor's degree 91 9 245
Post grad study/professional degree 92 8 259
income
Less than $30k 71 29 388
$30k to less than $50k 79 21 299
$50k to less than $75k 87 13 245
$75k to less than $100k 93 7 156
$100k or more 92 8 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 90 10 383
Independent 75 25 594
Democrat 85 15 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 70 29 320
Single, living with a partner 79 21 166
Married 87 13 682
Separated 72 28 29
Widowed 96 4 56
Divorced 82 18 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 87 13 874
Black Non-Hispanic 73 27 167
Hispanic 73 27 232
Other 76 24 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 87 13 103
Once a week 89 11 242
Once or twice a month 73 27 108
A few times a year 83 17 188
Seldom 86 14 355
Never 75 25 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 89 11 277
Mainline Protestant 93 7 210
Roman Catholic 83 17 296
No religion 75 25 434
Other religion 75 24 192
ideology
Very conservative 88 12 169
Somewhat conservative 89 11 332
Moderate 76 24 503
Somewhat liberal 85 15 266
Very liberal 74 26 139

X2: Registered in 2016

Were you registered to vote in the November 3, 2020 election?
Yes No n
sex
Male 90 10 656
Female 90 10 725
Another gender 70 30 12
age
18-29 77 23 262
30-44 87 13 373
45-59 95 5 338
60+ 96 3 437
education
Less than HS 63 37 86
HS graduate 84 16 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 96 4 387
Bachelor's degree 94 6 245
Post grad study/professional degree 95 5 259
income
Less than $30k 83 16 387
$30k to less than $50k 87 13 299
$50k to less than $75k 95 5 245
$75k to less than $100k 97 3 156
$100k or more 95 5 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 95 5 383
Independent 85 15 594
Democrat 92 8 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 84 16 319
Single, living with a partner 88 12 166
Married 92 8 682
Separated 76 24 29
Widowed 99 1 56
Divorced 93 7 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 93 7 874
Black Non-Hispanic 88 12 167
Hispanic 81 18 232
Other 84 16 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 88 12 103
Once a week 93 7 242
Once or twice a month 82 18 108
A few times a year 91 9 188
Seldom 94 6 355
Never 87 13 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 96 4 277
Mainline Protestant 98 2 210
Roman Catholic 87 13 296
No religion 86 14 434
Other religion 84 16 191
ideology
Very conservative 91 9 169
Somewhat conservative 94 6 332
Moderate 87 13 503
Somewhat liberal 93 7 266
Very liberal 83 17 139

X3: Length of current residence

How long have you lived at your current address?
Less than 1 year 1-2 years 3-4 years 5 years or longer n
sex
Male 11 17 13 59 656
Female 10 15 16 58 726
Another gender 13 29 0 58 12
age
18-29 27 30 13 30 262
30-44 14 24 20 42 373
45-59 5 11 10 74 338
60+ 4 6 12 78 437
education
Less than HS 14 14 20 53 87
HS graduate 12 14 16 57 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 10 18 11 61 387
Bachelor's degree 10 18 16 56 245
Post grad study/professional degree 10 17 11 62 259
income
Less than $30k 13 18 15 55 388
$30k to less than $50k 12 18 12 58 299
$50k to less than $75k 10 11 15 64 245
$75k to less than $100k 7 16 18 59 156
$100k or more 9 16 13 61 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 8 14 13 65 383
Independent 15 16 17 53 594
Democrat 9 19 11 62 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 18 18 11 52 320
Single, living with a partner 17 33 14 37 166
Married 7 13 14 66 682
Separated 26 4 17 51 29
Widowed 3 2 19 75 56
Divorced 8 15 19 58 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 10 15 13 62 874
Black Non-Hispanic 10 22 11 57 167
Hispanic 14 17 18 52 232
Other 16 18 16 50 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 10 8 11 70 103
Once a week 7 15 17 61 242
Once or twice a month 10 15 25 50 108
A few times a year 13 15 14 58 188
Seldom 11 17 12 60 355
Never 13 19 12 56 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 9 10 13 68 277
Mainline Protestant 8 16 9 67 210
Roman Catholic 9 12 18 60 296
No religion 16 21 12 51 434
Other religion 9 21 18 52 192
ideology
Very conservative 7 10 14 69 169
Somewhat conservative 10 14 13 63 332
Moderate 10 16 14 59 503
Somewhat liberal 16 20 13 51 266
Very liberal 11 21 18 50 139

X4: Internet use

About how often do you use the internet?
Almost constantly Several times a day About once a day Several times a week Less often n
sex
Male 55 39 4 2 0 656
Female 50 40 5 4 0 726
Another gender 63 37 0 0 0 12
age
18-29 71 25 3 1 0 262
30-44 72 25 1 2 0 373
45-59 50 43 4 2 0 338
60+ 27 58 7 6 1 437
education
Less than HS 49 40 0 9 1 87
HS graduate 48 39 8 5 0 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 53 39 4 3 1 387
Bachelor's degree 57 41 1 1 0 245
Post grad study/professional degree 57 40 3 1 0 259
income
Less than $30k 52 38 5 4 1 388
$30k to less than $50k 57 34 4 4 0 299
$50k to less than $75k 42 50 5 3 0 245
$75k to less than $100k 57 38 2 2 0 156
$100k or more 59 38 2 1 0 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 41 48 6 5 1 383
Independent 55 39 4 2 0 594
Democrat 61 32 3 4 0 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 64 30 5 1 0 320
Single, living with a partner 58 39 1 2 0 166
Married 51 41 3 4 0 682
Separated 35 43 10 10 2 29
Widowed 22 61 11 6 0 56
Divorced 45 45 6 3 2 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 44 48 4 3 0 874
Black Non-Hispanic 65 30 2 2 0 167
Hispanic 69 24 4 2 1 232
Other 68 24 6 2 0 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 44 45 5 5 2 103
Once a week 49 41 4 5 1 242
Once or twice a month 47 34 13 6 0 108
A few times a year 58 35 1 5 0 188
Seldom 49 45 5 1 0 355
Never 60 36 2 1 0 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 46 45 5 3 1 277
Mainline Protestant 50 40 4 5 1 210
Roman Catholic 51 38 7 4 0 296
No religion 59 36 3 2 0 434
Other religion 53 41 2 3 0 192
ideology
Very conservative 41 47 5 6 1 169
Somewhat conservative 43 48 7 2 0 332
Moderate 58 35 4 3 0 503
Somewhat liberal 53 39 3 5 0 266
Very liberal 72 25 1 0 1 139

X5: Trust in government

How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right?...Just about always, most of the time, only some of the time, never?
Just about always Most of the time Only some of the time Never n
sex
Male 2 23 56 19 656
Female 2 27 57 14 726
Another gender 0 8 92 0 12
age
18-29 1 24 56 20 262
30-44 3 27 54 16 373
45-59 2 25 57 15 338
60+ 2 22 60 15 437
education
Less than HS 5 26 45 25 87
HS graduate 2 25 53 19 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 1 22 57 20 387
Bachelor's degree 2 24 66 9 245
Post grad study/professional degree 2 29 58 10 259
income
Less than $30k 4 23 54 19 388
$30k to less than $50k 1 24 57 19 299
$50k to less than $75k 2 24 56 18 245
$75k to less than $100k 0 27 59 14 156
$100k or more 1 30 58 12 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 1 11 64 23 383
Independent 1 22 58 19 594
Democrat 4 41 49 6 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 1 24 60 15 320
Single, living with a partner 2 27 55 17 166
Married 2 24 58 16 682
Separated 2 27 46 25 29
Widowed 0 24 52 25 56
Divorced 4 27 52 17 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 2 19 60 19 874
Black Non-Hispanic 1 31 57 11 167
Hispanic 1 34 47 18 232
Other 4 43 51 2 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 2 16 58 24 103
Once a week 3 27 57 13 242
Once or twice a month 1 18 64 15 108
A few times a year 3 27 53 17 188
Seldom 1 32 53 14 355
Never 2 20 60 18 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 2 19 59 19 277
Mainline Protestant 2 27 54 16 210
Roman Catholic 2 29 55 14 296
No religion 1 24 56 19 434
Other religion 4 24 62 11 192
ideology
Very conservative 3 7 64 27 169
Somewhat conservative 1 13 64 22 332
Moderate 2 33 50 15 503
Somewhat liberal 3 32 58 7 266
Very liberal 2 28 55 14 139

X6: Trust in others

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or most people can't be trusted?
Most people can be trusted Most people can't be trusted n
sex
Male 61 39 656
Female 52 48 726
Another gender 21 79 12
age
18-29 35 65 262
30-44 50 50 373
45-59 64 36 338
60+ 67 33 437
education
Less than HS 35 65 87
HS graduate 47 53 433
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 52 48 387
Bachelor's degree 71 29 245
Post grad study/professional degree 69 31 259
income
Less than $30k 45 54 388
$30k to less than $50k 47 53 299
$50k to less than $75k 58 42 245
$75k to less than $100k 66 34 156
$100k or more 73 27 215
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican 59 41 383
Independent 49 50 594
Democrat 62 38 426
marital status
Single, that is never married 38 62 320
Single, living with a partner 49 51 166
Married 63 36 682
Separated 42 58 29
Widowed 78 22 56
Divorced 60 39 158
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic 61 38 874
Black Non-Hispanic 38 62 167
Hispanic 45 55 232
Other 60 40 121
religious service attendance
More than once a week 44 56 103
Once a week 64 35 242
Once or twice a month 52 48 108
A few times a year 55 44 188
Seldom 60 40 355
Never 51 49 413
religious preference
Born-again Protestant 54 45 277
Mainline Protestant 64 36 210
Roman Catholic 59 41 296
No religion 50 50 434
Other religion 58 42 192
ideology
Very conservative 48 50 169
Somewhat conservative 57 43 332
Moderate 55 44 503
Somewhat liberal 58 42 266
Very liberal 57 43 139