Marquette Law School Supreme Court Poll July 16-26, 2021

(Percentages are rounded to whole numbers for reporting of results. Frequencies have been rounded to whole numbers but percentages are calculated based on non-integer weighted sample sizes.)

Results for survey items among all respondents are presented here (unless otherwise indicated). Please note that some questions are only asked of particular groups of respondents. In these instances, the row “NA’s” includes the number and percent of total respondents omitted from the question. These omitted cases are ignored when calculating the “Valid” and “Cumulative” percent columns.

A1: interest in politics

Some people seem to follow what's going on in politics most of the time, whether there's an election going on or not. Others aren't that interested. How often do you follow what's going on in politics…?
	Most of the time	Some of the time	Only now and then	Hardly at all	n
sex
Male	46	36	13	5	479
Female	32	39	20	9	521
Another gender	0	83	17	0	3
age
18-29	23	40	21	15	207
30-44	24	48	19	9	250
45-59	43	33	18	5	241
60+	56	30	11	2	312
education
Less than HS	19	53	20	9	88
HS graduate	37	33	22	8	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	39	34	19	8	278
Bachelor's degree	36	47	14	3	177
Post grad study/professional degree	52	33	6	8	180
income
Less than $30k	28	35	23	13	280
$30k to less than $50k	33	41	15	11	169
$50k to less than $75k	47	34	17	2	176
$75k to less than $100k	46	34	15	3	150
$100k or more	44	40	11	4	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	36	33	26	5	268
Independent	35	39	14	11	426
Democrat	45	39	13	3	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	31	37	17	15	217
Single, living with a partner	31	41	18	10	108
Married	43	38	16	3	519
Separated	48	32	10	11	21
Widowed	42	28	26	4	44
Divorced	38	37	18	7	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	43	35	15	6	632
Black Non-Hispanic	33	39	20	8	122
Hispanic	30	41	20	9	167
Other	26	46	18	9	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	36	38	18	8	58
Once a week	42	33	21	3	183
Once or twice a month	38	46	12	5	94
A few times a year	39	33	14	13	106
Seldom	34	39	21	6	243
Never	40	38	14	9	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	38	33	24	4	190
Mainline Protestant	40	33	20	7	145
Roman Catholic	42	34	15	9	197
No religion	39	41	12	8	332
Other religion	32	44	18	6	142
ideology
Very conservative	53	35	6	6	111
Conservative	34	38	22	5	231
Moderate	30	39	21	10	366
Liberal	41	40	13	5	200
Very liberal	58	31	7	3	99

B1: Biden approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
	Strongly approve	Somewhat approve	Somewhat disapprove	Strongly disapprove	n
sex
Male	23	31	17	28	479
Female	28	33	16	23	521
Another gender	57	43	0	0	3
age
18-29	15	47	26	12	207
30-44	21	40	19	19	250
45-59	29	26	16	29	241
60+	35	21	8	35	312
education
Less than HS	20	29	27	24	88
HS graduate	22	31	17	30	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	21	34	18	26	278
Bachelor's degree	28	31	15	25	177
Post grad study/professional degree	40	34	11	15	180
income
Less than $30k	25	38	16	21	280
$30k to less than $50k	25	34	16	23	169
$50k to less than $75k	26	30	14	29	176
$75k to less than $100k	22	32	25	21	150
$100k or more	25	24	16	35	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	2	13	24	60	268
Independent	16	40	22	22	426
Democrat	59	37	3	0	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	28	46	17	9	217
Single, living with a partner	28	33	29	9	108
Married	24	26	15	35	519
Separated	36	39	13	12	21
Widowed	28	17	21	31	44
Divorced	26	37	10	27	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	23	26	17	33	632
Black Non-Hispanic	47	42	7	3	122
Hispanic	18	38	22	21	167
Other	31	53	14	3	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	24	28	9	35	58
Once a week	18	22	23	36	183
Once or twice a month	21	31	11	37	94
A few times a year	31	33	12	24	106
Seldom	27	35	18	20	243
Never	29	36	16	18	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	12	23	18	46	190
Mainline Protestant	32	28	22	18	145
Roman Catholic	25	29	14	31	197
No religion	31	40	17	12	332
Other religion	28	35	11	26	142
ideology
Very conservative	13	6	8	74	111
Conservative	9	20	23	48	231
Moderate	21	41	22	16	366
Liberal	50	40	7	2	200
Very liberal	48	42	10	0	99

B1: Biden approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
	Approve	Disapprove	n
sex
Male	55	45	479
Female	61	39	521
Another gender	100	0	3
age
18-29	61	39	207
30-44	62	38	250
45-59	55	45	241
60+	56	43	312
education
Less than HS	49	51	88
HS graduate	53	47	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	55	44	278
Bachelor's degree	60	40	177
Post grad study/professional degree	73	26	180
income
Less than $30k	63	37	280
$30k to less than $50k	59	39	169
$50k to less than $75k	57	43	176
$75k to less than $100k	54	46	150
$100k or more	49	51	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	16	84	268
Independent	57	43	426
Democrat	96	3	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	74	26	217
Single, living with a partner	62	38	108
Married	50	50	519
Separated	76	24	21
Widowed	45	52	44
Divorced	63	37	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	50	50	632
Black Non-Hispanic	88	10	122
Hispanic	56	44	167
Other	84	16	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	52	44	58
Once a week	40	59	183
Once or twice a month	52	48	94
A few times a year	65	35	106
Seldom	62	38	243
Never	66	34	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	35	64	190
Mainline Protestant	60	40	145
Roman Catholic	54	45	197
No religion	71	29	332
Other religion	63	37	142
ideology
Very conservative	18	82	111
Conservative	28	70	231
Moderate	62	38	366
Liberal	91	9	200
Very liberal	90	10	99

B2: Supreme Court approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
	Strongly approve	Somewhat approve	Somewhat disapprove	Strongly disapprove	n
sex
Male	7	53	32	7	479
Female	8	52	31	8	521
Another gender	0	56	44	0	3
age
18-29	2	57	30	10	207
30-44	7	51	33	8	250
45-59	10	56	26	8	241
60+	9	47	35	7	312
education
Less than HS	5	62	21	12	88
HS graduate	9	51	32	7	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	4	51	36	8	278
Bachelor's degree	7	54	28	9	177
Post grad study/professional degree	9	51	32	6	180
income
Less than $30k	7	53	30	10	280
$30k to less than $50k	6	51	30	12	169
$50k to less than $75k	6	54	33	4	176
$75k to less than $100k	8	48	37	6	150
$100k or more	12	49	30	8	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	6	51	36	6	268
Independent	6	55	30	8	426
Democrat	9	50	30	10	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	4	58	28	10	217
Single, living with a partner	6	51	33	9	108
Married	8	51	32	7	519
Separated	20	39	37	5	21
Widowed	9	52	29	9	44
Divorced	7	53	33	6	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	6	51	34	8	632
Black Non-Hispanic	10	56	27	7	122
Hispanic	9	54	30	8	167
Other	8	56	20	9	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	9	49	35	8	58
Once a week	9	59	30	3	183
Once or twice a month	6	52	37	4	94
A few times a year	13	50	32	6	106
Seldom	7	54	28	9	243
Never	4	49	33	12	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	7	55	32	6	190
Mainline Protestant	12	54	24	10	145
Roman Catholic	8	52	34	3	197
No religion	5	50	33	11	332
Other religion	6	54	31	8	142
ideology
Very conservative	13	42	33	11	111
Conservative	9	56	32	3	231
Moderate	5	59	27	7	366
Liberal	6	53	33	7	200
Very liberal	7	30	40	23	99

B2: Supreme Court approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
	Approve	Disapprove	n
sex
Male	60	39	479
Female	60	40	521
Another gender	56	44	3
age
18-29	59	40	207
30-44	58	41	250
45-59	66	34	241
60+	56	43	312
education
Less than HS	67	33	88
HS graduate	60	39	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	56	44	278
Bachelor's degree	61	37	177
Post grad study/professional degree	60	38	180
income
Less than $30k	60	39	280
$30k to less than $50k	57	42	169
$50k to less than $75k	60	37	176
$75k to less than $100k	56	43	150
$100k or more	61	38	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	57	42	268
Independent	61	37	426
Democrat	59	40	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	62	38	217
Single, living with a partner	57	42	108
Married	59	40	519
Separated	59	41	21
Widowed	61	38	44
Divorced	60	40	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	57	42	632
Black Non-Hispanic	66	34	122
Hispanic	63	37	167
Other	64	30	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	58	42	58
Once a week	68	32	183
Once or twice a month	58	40	94
A few times a year	62	38	106
Seldom	61	37	243
Never	54	45	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	62	38	190
Mainline Protestant	66	34	145
Roman Catholic	60	37	197
No religion	55	45	332
Other religion	60	39	142
ideology
Very conservative	56	44	111
Conservative	64	35	231
Moderate	64	34	366
Liberal	59	40	200
Very liberal	37	63	99

B3: Congress approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
	Strongly approve	Somewhat approve	Somewhat disapprove	Strongly disapprove	n
sex
Male	2	24	34	40	479
Female	3	36	35	24	521
Another gender	0	0	43	57	3
age
18-29	0	40	38	21	207
30-44	5	34	36	25	250
45-59	4	25	36	34	241
60+	2	23	29	43	312
education
Less than HS	4	41	33	18	88
HS graduate	3	32	33	32	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	2	26	40	32	278
Bachelor's degree	3	30	31	35	177
Post grad study/professional degree	2	28	34	34	180
income
Less than $30k	5	36	34	23	280
$30k to less than $50k	3	25	42	29	169
$50k to less than $75k	0	32	33	33	176
$75k to less than $100k	1	28	35	35	150
$100k or more	2	23	32	42	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	1	21	33	43	268
Independent	1	30	35	33	426
Democrat	6	37	35	20	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	5	39	37	20	217
Single, living with a partner	5	35	35	23	108
Married	1	24	33	40	519
Separated	5	41	42	12	21
Widowed	0	47	26	27	44
Divorced	2	26	38	33	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	1	25	34	38	632
Black Non-Hispanic	5	44	36	15	122
Hispanic	5	33	35	27	167
Other	3	44	37	14	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	7	20	37	36	58
Once a week	1	29	37	33	183
Once or twice a month	5	36	28	31	94
A few times a year	5	37	19	36	106
Seldom	2	29	40	26	243
Never	2	29	36	34	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	3	23	35	37	190
Mainline Protestant	1	28	35	35	145
Roman Catholic	3	32	32	32	197
No religion	2	31	38	27	332
Other religion	3	35	28	31	142
ideology
Very conservative	7	10	24	55	111
Conservative	1	27	34	37	231
Moderate	2	33	37	28	366
Liberal	3	36	39	22	200
Very liberal	3	34	32	30	99

B3: Congress approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
	Approve	Disapprove	n
sex
Male	26	74	479
Female	39	59	521
Another gender	0	100	3
age
18-29	40	60	207
30-44	39	61	250
45-59	29	70	241
60+	25	72	312
education
Less than HS	45	51	88
HS graduate	35	65	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	27	72	278
Bachelor's degree	34	66	177
Post grad study/professional degree	30	67	180
income
Less than $30k	41	57	280
$30k to less than $50k	29	71	169
$50k to less than $75k	32	66	176
$75k to less than $100k	29	70	150
$100k or more	25	73	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	22	76	268
Independent	31	68	426
Democrat	43	55	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	44	56	217
Single, living with a partner	40	58	108
Married	25	73	519
Separated	46	54	21
Widowed	47	53	44
Divorced	28	71	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	26	72	632
Black Non-Hispanic	49	51	122
Hispanic	38	62	167
Other	47	51	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	27	73	58
Once a week	30	70	183
Once or twice a month	41	59	94
A few times a year	43	56	106
Seldom	31	65	243
Never	31	69	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	26	72	190
Mainline Protestant	29	71	145
Roman Catholic	36	64	197
No religion	33	65	332
Other religion	38	59	142
ideology
Very conservative	17	79	111
Conservative	28	71	231
Moderate	35	65	366
Liberal	39	61	200
Very liberal	37	61	99

B4: most trusted branch

Of the three branches of US government, which one do you trust the most?
	The US Congress (the legislative branch)	The Presidency (the executive branch)	The US Supreme Court (the judicial branch)	n
sex
Male	11	23	65	479
Female	15	33	51	521
Another gender	43	30	27	3
age
18-29	23	27	50	207
30-44	19	23	57	250
45-59	8	26	66	241
60+	6	36	57	312
education
Less than HS	24	23	52	88
HS graduate	10	29	60	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	16	30	53	278
Bachelor's degree	12	27	60	177
Post grad study/professional degree	9	29	62	180
income
Less than $30k	18	34	47	280
$30k to less than $50k	16	32	52	169
$50k to less than $75k	12	26	62	176
$75k to less than $100k	11	30	59	150
$100k or more	6	19	74	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	18	7	75	268
Independent	13	22	65	426
Democrat	10	55	34	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	22	37	40	217
Single, living with a partner	20	31	50	108
Married	11	22	66	519
Separated	6	54	40	21
Widowed	0	21	79	44
Divorced	8	38	54	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	11	24	65	632
Black Non-Hispanic	11	52	34	122
Hispanic	21	27	52	167
Other	15	36	49	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	16	28	55	58
Once a week	11	19	68	183
Once or twice a month	13	26	60	94
A few times a year	21	30	48	106
Seldom	12	30	57	243
Never	12	33	55	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	14	22	63	190
Mainline Protestant	14	29	56	145
Roman Catholic	13	27	60	197
No religion	11	34	54	332
Other religion	17	27	56	142
ideology
Very conservative	21	7	72	111
Conservative	15	10	76	231
Moderate	10	31	59	366
Liberal	12	46	40	200
Very liberal	15	53	30	99

B5: justice motivations

In general, what most often motivates Supreme Court justices’ decisions?
	Mainly politics	Mainly the law	n
sex
Male	26	74	479
Female	32	68	521
Another gender	30	70	3
age
18-29	35	65	207
30-44	37	63	250
45-59	23	77	241
60+	24	76	312
education
Less than HS	38	62	88
HS graduate	25	75	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	30	70	278
Bachelor's degree	31	69	177
Post grad study/professional degree	28	72	180
income
Less than $30k	33	67	280
$30k to less than $50k	33	67	169
$50k to less than $75k	28	72	176
$75k to less than $100k	29	71	150
$100k or more	21	79	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	24	76	268
Independent	25	75	426
Democrat	40	60	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	34	66	217
Single, living with a partner	38	62	108
Married	25	74	519
Separated	57	43	21
Widowed	17	83	44
Divorced	28	72	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	27	73	632
Black Non-Hispanic	37	63	122
Hispanic	32	68	167
Other	26	74	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	35	64	58
Once a week	24	76	183
Once or twice a month	38	62	94
A few times a year	32	68	106
Seldom	24	76	243
Never	31	69	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	28	72	190
Mainline Protestant	25	75	145
Roman Catholic	26	74	197
No religion	31	69	332
Other religion	36	64	142
ideology
Very conservative	26	74	111
Conservative	22	78	231
Moderate	27	73	366
Liberal	32	68	200
Very liberal	51	49	99

B6: Supreme Court ideology

[The IS Supreme Court] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Very conservative	Somewhat conservative	Moderate	Somewhat liberal	Very liberal	n
sex
Male	14	40	42	5	0	479
Female	12	35	43	7	2	521
Another gender	44	26	0	30	0	3
age
18-29	11	35	48	5	0	207
30-44	16	33	43	5	2	250
45-59	13	40	37	8	2	241
60+	14	39	41	5	1	312
education
Less than HS	14	20	61	2	3	88
HS graduate	15	26	49	7	2	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	11	39	40	8	1	278
Bachelor's degree	14	44	34	7	2	177
Post grad study/professional degree	14	52	32	2	0	180
income
Less than $30k	18	27	46	6	1	280
$30k to less than $50k	14	41	40	4	1	169
$50k to less than $75k	9	46	34	9	2	176
$75k to less than $100k	11	36	47	5	1	150
$100k or more	11	41	40	8	0	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	7	25	59	8	1	268
Independent	9	40	41	7	2	426
Democrat	25	43	29	3	0	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	17	37	39	5	0	217
Single, living with a partner	18	32	42	5	4	108
Married	12	38	43	7	1	519
Separated	19	29	50	1	0	21
Widowed	7	35	44	12	2	44
Divorced	10	42	41	5	2	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	11	38	44	6	1	632
Black Non-Hispanic	18	36	33	4	5	122
Hispanic	16	32	43	8	1	167
Other	23	37	39	1	0	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	5	40	47	6	0	58
Once a week	5	27	54	9	4	183
Once or twice a month	14	38	42	5	0	94
A few times a year	20	39	31	9	1	106
Seldom	13	38	41	5	1	243
Never	17	40	39	4	0	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	7	35	47	9	2	190
Mainline Protestant	16	28	43	6	4	145
Roman Catholic	15	33	43	8	1	197
No religion	14	45	36	4	0	332
Other religion	16	35	45	4	0	142
ideology
Very conservative	9	35	47	8	1	111
Conservative	5	30	52	10	3	231
Moderate	12	33	48	6	0	366
Liberal	16	51	29	2	2	200
Very liberal	38	41	18	3	0	99

B7: Biden ideology

[Joe Biden] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Very conservative	Somewhat conservative	Moderate	Somewhat liberal	Very liberal	n
sex
Male	2	10	24	31	33	479
Female	6	9	30	25	29	521
Another gender	0	17	56	27	0	3
age
18-29	2	13	32	35	17	207
30-44	7	8	27	27	32	250
45-59	5	8	28	21	37	241
60+	2	10	23	30	35	312
education
Less than HS	4	13	39	22	22	88
HS graduate	8	13	25	18	36	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	1	10	24	30	34	278
Bachelor's degree	5	6	30	28	31	177
Post grad study/professional degree	2	6	25	44	23	180
income
Less than $30k	7	13	34	21	23	280
$30k to less than $50k	4	11	30	26	29	169
$50k to less than $75k	4	7	20	30	38	176
$75k to less than $100k	2	11	26	32	30	150
$100k or more	0	6	19	31	43	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	3	5	8	17	67	268
Independent	4	13	26	30	26	426
Democrat	4	9	43	35	7	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	4	11	37	31	14	217
Single, living with a partner	5	16	26	25	28	108
Married	3	8	22	27	40	519
Separated	0	18	59	7	15	21
Widowed	1	6	17	36	41	44
Divorced	7	10	31	29	22	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	3	7	22	30	38	632
Black Non-Hispanic	7	10	47	22	9	122
Hispanic	4	16	26	24	31	167
Other	9	14	38	28	11	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	8	8	25	21	37	58
Once a week	4	9	14	24	49	183
Once or twice a month	1	8	26	22	42	94
A few times a year	9	9	22	32	28	106
Seldom	5	12	22	29	31	243
Never	2	10	40	31	17	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	1	9	15	18	57	190
Mainline Protestant	5	7	29	30	24	145
Roman Catholic	4	9	23	25	39	197
No religion	4	11	37	33	16	332
Other religion	6	9	25	33	26	142
ideology
Very conservative	10	7	5	9	69	111
Conservative	3	11	11	21	55	231
Moderate	2	7	37	27	25	366
Liberal	4	8	36	48	5	200
Very liberal	6	23	34	29	8	99

B8: Democratic party ideology

[The Democratic party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Very conservative	Somewhat conservative	Moderate	Somewhat liberal	Very liberal	n
sex
Male	3	7	15	29	46	479
Female	4	11	19	30	36	521
Another gender	0	0	46	54	0	3
age
18-29	4	10	21	30	33	207
30-44	6	10	19	29	37	250
45-59	2	7	15	30	43	241
60+	2	8	15	29	45	312
education
Less than HS	7	22	27	15	29	88
HS graduate	6	12	20	20	42	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	1	6	15	34	43	278
Bachelor's degree	3	7	17	31	40	177
Post grad study/professional degree	2	3	12	44	39	180
income
Less than $30k	3	16	26	25	28	280
$30k to less than $50k	6	7	20	27	40	169
$50k to less than $75k	4	7	15	27	47	176
$75k to less than $100k	3	9	13	34	42	150
$100k or more	0	1	7	34	58	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	4	4	8	8	76	268
Independent	2	11	18	31	37	426
Democrat	5	9	24	46	14	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	3	10	25	33	26	217
Single, living with a partner	4	12	20	34	30	108
Married	4	6	13	26	50	519
Separated	0	14	50	20	15	21
Widowed	1	8	10	28	54	44
Divorced	4	14	15	36	31	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	3	7	13	29	48	632
Black Non-Hispanic	5	11	30	35	13	122
Hispanic	3	10	22	28	37	167
Other	7	16	19	25	33	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	7	14	15	13	50	58
Once a week	2	9	10	24	54	183
Once or twice a month	2	5	25	21	48	94
A few times a year	7	10	19	29	35	106
Seldom	3	11	12	34	38	243
Never	3	6	22	34	33	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	2	8	11	20	59	190
Mainline Protestant	5	10	15	27	38	145
Roman Catholic	3	7	15	29	46	197
No religion	3	8	24	38	27	332
Other religion	5	12	15	26	41	142
ideology
Very conservative	10	7	5	5	74	111
Conservative	1	8	10	15	66	231
Moderate	2	11	24	28	35	366
Liberal	3	6	18	57	16	200
Very liberal	8	10	24	42	14	99

B9: Republican party ideology

[The Republican party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Very conservative	Somewhat conservative	Moderate	Somewhat liberal	Very liberal	n
sex
Male	52	33	9	4	2	479
Female	47	32	14	4	3	521
Another gender	73	27	0	0	0	3
age
18-29	51	26	14	6	1	207
30-44	50	31	15	2	2	250
45-59	50	32	12	1	4	241
60+	48	37	7	6	3	312
education
Less than HS	27	44	25	4	0	88
HS graduate	39	35	16	5	3	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	54	29	11	3	2	278
Bachelor's degree	53	32	6	4	4	177
Post grad study/professional degree	67	27	4	2	2	180
income
Less than $30k	44	26	18	5	3	280
$30k to less than $50k	54	28	13	3	2	169
$50k to less than $75k	49	35	10	3	3	176
$75k to less than $100k	45	38	10	4	3	150
$100k or more	48	42	7	3	0	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	28	58	10	3	0	268
Independent	47	30	15	5	2	426
Democrat	70	13	9	3	4	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	56	25	11	4	2	217
Single, living with a partner	51	30	16	1	2	108
Married	46	36	11	4	2	519
Separated	48	31	20	0	0	21
Widowed	55	30	6	7	2	44
Divorced	48	29	13	2	6	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	47	38	9	3	1	632
Black Non-Hispanic	41	22	21	5	6	122
Hispanic	57	27	10	3	3	167
Other	64	8	18	6	4	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	46	29	12	7	5	58
Once a week	38	42	14	4	3	183
Once or twice a month	35	43	14	3	3	94
A few times a year	49	32	11	2	4	106
Seldom	43	37	11	4	3	243
Never	65	20	10	3	0	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	35	44	12	7	2	190
Mainline Protestant	41	37	10	4	4	145
Roman Catholic	44	37	12	3	3	197
No religion	63	22	12	2	1	332
Other religion	55	26	11	3	5	142
ideology
Very conservative	28	53	12	3	4	111
Conservative	31	52	11	3	2	231
Moderate	42	30	18	6	2	366
Liberal	76	15	5	2	1	200
Very liberal	90	4	4	0	2	99

B10: Supreme Court nomination importance

How important is the choice of the next Supreme Court justice to you personally?
	Very important	Somewhat important	Not too important	Not at all important	n
sex
Male	53	30	12	5	479
Female	49	31	15	4	521
Another gender	44	56	0	0	3
age
18-29	35	31	24	8	207
30-44	41	37	16	6	250
45-59	57	28	11	4	241
60+	65	26	7	2	312
education
Less than HS	25	43	18	14	88
HS graduate	52	31	16	2	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	47	34	14	4	278
Bachelor's degree	59	25	12	4	177
Post grad study/professional degree	62	24	9	5	180
income
Less than $30k	46	31	16	6	280
$30k to less than $50k	48	34	13	5	169
$50k to less than $75k	57	28	13	2	176
$75k to less than $100k	43	36	16	4	150
$100k or more	59	24	10	6	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	48	29	15	8	268
Independent	46	33	15	5	426
Democrat	60	28	11	1	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	41	30	19	9	217
Single, living with a partner	48	26	21	5	108
Married	54	31	11	4	519
Separated	58	22	20	0	21
Widowed	50	34	17	0	44
Divorced	60	32	7	0	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	55	28	12	5	632
Black Non-Hispanic	47	36	13	2	122
Hispanic	50	32	15	4	167
Other	32	36	24	7	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	60	20	20	0	58
Once a week	48	36	13	3	183
Once or twice a month	53	34	12	1	94
A few times a year	51	34	10	5	106
Seldom	46	29	19	5	243
Never	55	28	11	7	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	50	30	18	2	190
Mainline Protestant	50	32	8	8	145
Roman Catholic	45	32	17	5	197
No religion	52	32	11	5	332
Other religion	60	23	15	2	142
ideology
Very conservative	75	13	8	4	111
Conservative	45	39	12	5	231
Moderate	38	37	19	6	366
Liberal	56	26	14	4	200
Very liberal	77	18	4	1	99

B11: partisan split of nominations

What is your guess as to whether a majority of the current US Supreme Court Justices were appointed by Democratic or Republican presidents?
	Definitely a majority appointed by Democratic presidents	Probably a majority appointed by Democratic presidents	Probably a majority appointed by Republican presidents	Definitely a majority appointed by Republican presidents	n
sex
Male	4	18	42	36	479
Female	4	22	49	24	521
Another gender	0	30	43	27	3
age
18-29	5	28	44	21	207
30-44	3	27	41	28	250
45-59	7	18	43	31	241
60+	2	10	51	37	312
education
Less than HS	8	30	44	18	88
HS graduate	6	25	46	23	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	3	24	41	30	278
Bachelor's degree	4	12	52	31	177
Post grad study/professional degree	1	9	44	46	180
income
Less than $30k	6	28	39	26	280
$30k to less than $50k	9	20	42	29	169
$50k to less than $75k	2	18	56	24	176
$75k to less than $100k	1	16	59	24	150
$100k or more	1	17	42	40	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	6	24	53	16	268
Independent	2	23	45	28	426
Democrat	5	13	38	44	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	2	28	36	32	217
Single, living with a partner	6	19	53	22	108
Married	4	18	46	31	519
Separated	13	2	64	22	21
Widowed	8	4	61	27	44
Divorced	3	24	41	32	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	3	17	48	31	632
Black Non-Hispanic	5	22	42	28	122
Hispanic	6	28	37	28	167
Other	9	22	44	25	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	8	20	44	28	58
Once a week	4	25	46	25	183
Once or twice a month	1	22	52	24	94
A few times a year	5	22	41	32	106
Seldom	5	20	45	28	243
Never	4	16	44	36	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	4	24	48	25	190
Mainline Protestant	8	19	47	23	145
Roman Catholic	2	20	53	25	197
No religion	3	17	43	37	332
Other religion	7	22	34	36	142
ideology
Very conservative	11	14	42	33	111
Conservative	2	28	53	16	231
Moderate	5	24	47	24	366
Liberal	0	13	43	43	200
Very liberal	6	9	27	59	99

C1: fav/unfav: Alito

[Samuel Alito] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
	Never heard of	Heard but not enough	Favorable opinion	Unfavorable opinion	n
sex
Male	30	29	23	16	479
Female	47	30	14	8	521
Another gender	56	17	0	27	3
age
18-29	60	29	7	4	207
30-44	43	32	13	12	250
45-59	37	26	23	14	241
60+	23	32	28	17	312
education
Less than HS	59	25	11	6	88
HS graduate	42	27	21	8	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	43	28	18	11	278
Bachelor's degree	30	38	18	14	177
Post grad study/professional degree	26	32	21	22	180
income
Less than $30k	50	28	13	9	280
$30k to less than $50k	41	26	21	11	169
$50k to less than $75k	37	32	20	9	176
$75k to less than $100k	32	29	25	15	150
$100k or more	32	32	20	16	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	43	25	25	7	268
Independent	39	32	20	9	426
Democrat	36	31	11	22	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	47	35	8	9	217
Single, living with a partner	47	28	13	13	108
Married	34	29	23	14	519
Separated	56	26	13	4	21
Widowed	34	25	35	6	44
Divorced	37	27	20	16	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	32	31	22	15	632
Black Non-Hispanic	51	28	12	7	122
Hispanic	49	29	14	7	167
Other	55	28	8	10	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	50	26	19	4	58
Once a week	37	33	24	6	183
Once or twice a month	36	33	18	13	94
A few times a year	42	33	14	11	106
Seldom	40	24	22	13	243
Never	37	31	15	17	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	41	28	19	12	190
Mainline Protestant	44	25	22	6	145
Roman Catholic	34	33	26	8	197
No religion	38	30	16	17	332
Other religion	39	32	12	17	142
ideology
Very conservative	33	24	33	10	111
Conservative	40	33	23	4	231
Moderate	44	27	20	7	366
Liberal	33	35	7	24	200
Very liberal	32	28	9	31	99

C2: fav/unfav: Barrett

[Amy Coney Barrett] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
	Never heard of	Heard but not enough	Favorable opinion	Unfavorable opinion	n
sex
Male	17	25	33	25	479
Female	25	26	23	26	521
Another gender	0	30	0	70	3
age
18-29	35	18	17	30	207
30-44	27	26	20	27	250
45-59	18	27	33	23	241
60+	9	29	36	25	312
education
Less than HS	45	23	20	12	88
HS graduate	27	28	29	16	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	22	22	27	28	278
Bachelor's degree	11	27	31	31	177
Post grad study/professional degree	10	26	25	39	180
income
Less than $30k	36	27	17	20	280
$30k to less than $50k	22	24	26	29	169
$50k to less than $75k	15	28	32	25	176
$75k to less than $100k	16	21	35	28	150
$100k or more	11	23	37	29	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	18	24	56	3	268
Independent	28	25	23	24	426
Democrat	15	27	9	49	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	28	24	13	35	217
Single, living with a partner	30	19	23	28	108
Married	15	27	35	23	519
Separated	48	25	14	13	21
Widowed	27	29	35	9	44
Divorced	21	25	24	31	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	17	25	33	25	632
Black Non-Hispanic	29	39	12	20	122
Hispanic	26	17	28	30	167
Other	31	26	7	36	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	27	19	40	14	58
Once a week	13	27	45	15	183
Once or twice a month	22	41	24	14	94
A few times a year	23	24	22	31	106
Seldom	20	26	26	29	243
Never	25	22	19	34	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	18	28	43	11	190
Mainline Protestant	29	24	27	19	145
Roman Catholic	22	25	34	19	197
No religion	20	26	16	38	332
Other religion	18	24	24	34	142
ideology
Very conservative	16	16	62	6	111
Conservative	17	32	45	6	231
Moderate	29	27	21	22	366
Liberal	17	25	11	47	200
Very liberal	11	16	4	69	99

C3: fav/unfav: Breyer

[Stephen Breyer] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
	Never heard of	Heard but not enough	Favorable opinion	Unfavorable opinion	n
sex
Male	34	34	23	7	479
Female	52	31	12	4	521
Another gender	73	27	0	0	3
age
18-29	56	28	7	8	207
30-44	53	30	14	4	250
45-59	42	34	19	4	241
60+	27	37	27	8	312
education
Less than HS	49	26	12	12	88
HS graduate	51	29	13	5	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	44	36	15	4	278
Bachelor's degree	37	37	21	5	177
Post grad study/professional degree	31	33	29	7	180
income
Less than $30k	50	31	13	5	280
$30k to less than $50k	42	36	17	5	169
$50k to less than $75k	46	32	15	7	176
$75k to less than $100k	35	37	19	6	150
$100k or more	44	33	19	5	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	45	35	10	9	268
Independent	43	37	16	4	426
Democrat	42	26	27	5	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	52	30	10	6	217
Single, living with a partner	45	35	15	5	108
Married	39	33	21	6	519
Separated	49	19	30	2	21
Widowed	32	42	21	1	44
Divorced	46	31	17	5	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	39	33	21	6	632
Black Non-Hispanic	47	33	14	2	122
Hispanic	49	31	10	10	167
Other	55	28	14	3	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	38	32	12	14	58
Once a week	40	34	19	6	183
Once or twice a month	37	34	16	10	94
A few times a year	39	45	13	3	106
Seldom	49	29	17	5	243
Never	44	30	20	4	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	43	34	11	11	190
Mainline Protestant	45	34	18	2	145
Roman Catholic	43	32	18	5	197
No religion	44	33	18	5	332
Other religion	39	29	27	5	142
ideology
Very conservative	40	28	14	18	111
Conservative	41	42	11	4	231
Moderate	47	32	16	4	366
Liberal	42	26	26	4	200
Very liberal	35	30	27	8	99

C4: fav/unfav: Gorsuch

[Neil Gorsuch] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
	Never heard of	Heard but not enough	Favorable opinion	Unfavorable opinion	n
sex
Male	27	30	28	15	479
Female	43	32	14	11	521
Another gender	56	44	0	0	3
age
18-29	53	27	14	6	207
30-44	44	30	13	13	250
45-59	33	34	20	12	241
60+	17	33	32	18	312
education
Less than HS	55	20	16	9	88
HS graduate	38	34	18	9	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	39	30	17	13	278
Bachelor's degree	29	34	24	12	177
Post grad study/professional degree	21	29	29	22	180
income
Less than $30k	47	31	9	12	280
$30k to less than $50k	37	24	27	12	169
$50k to less than $75k	34	36	18	12	176
$75k to less than $100k	33	28	23	16	150
$100k or more	25	34	28	13	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	37	30	30	3	268
Independent	34	35	21	10	426
Democrat	35	26	12	25	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	45	31	11	12	217
Single, living with a partner	48	26	12	14	108
Married	28	33	26	12	519
Separated	70	3	25	2	21
Widowed	34	37	25	3	44
Divorced	29	29	18	24	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	28	31	25	15	632
Black Non-Hispanic	49	33	7	9	122
Hispanic	44	28	17	10	167
Other	49	31	13	7	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	45	25	29	0	58
Once a week	29	36	31	4	183
Once or twice a month	29	41	25	6	94
A few times a year	34	39	13	14	106
Seldom	40	25	19	16	243
Never	35	28	16	20	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	39	29	25	6	190
Mainline Protestant	38	31	22	7	145
Roman Catholic	31	34	23	11	197
No religion	35	30	14	20	332
Other religion	31	29	25	15	142
ideology
Very conservative	32	25	33	10	111
Conservative	32	40	26	2	231
Moderate	42	28	22	7	366
Liberal	29	32	13	25	200
Very liberal	30	26	5	38	99

C5: fav/unfav: Kagan

[Elena Kagan] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
	Never heard of	Heard but not enough	Favorable opinion	Unfavorable opinion	n
sex
Male	34	28	25	12	479
Female	48	31	16	5	521
Another gender	56	17	27	0	3
age
18-29	58	23	13	5	207
30-44	48	28	20	4	250
45-59	40	37	17	5	241
60+	26	30	30	15	312
education
Less than HS	49	30	15	7	88
HS graduate	47	30	13	9	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	46	29	18	7	278
Bachelor's degree	34	34	25	8	177
Post grad study/professional degree	29	26	37	8	180
income
Less than $30k	48	32	15	5	280
$30k to less than $50k	41	33	18	8	169
$50k to less than $75k	42	26	22	9	176
$75k to less than $100k	33	35	20	12	150
$100k or more	41	27	25	8	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	44	29	12	15	268
Independent	42	33	16	9	426
Democrat	37	27	35	1	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	48	26	22	3	217
Single, living with a partner	49	29	13	8	108
Married	37	29	22	11	519
Separated	44	47	9	0	21
Widowed	36	43	16	4	44
Divorced	43	30	23	4	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	37	30	24	9	632
Black Non-Hispanic	46	41	7	5	122
Hispanic	49	27	16	8	167
Other	54	19	25	2	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	46	18	17	18	58
Once a week	41	30	16	12	183
Once or twice a month	33	44	12	11	94
A few times a year	39	35	20	6	106
Seldom	41	32	21	7	243
Never	44	24	27	4	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	45	29	11	15	190
Mainline Protestant	46	33	15	6	145
Roman Catholic	42	30	20	8	197
No religion	40	32	25	4	332
Other religion	35	24	31	10	142
ideology
Very conservative	38	23	12	27	111
Conservative	44	32	13	10	231
Moderate	44	33	16	6	366
Liberal	38	27	34	1	200
Very liberal	32	25	41	1	99

C6: fav/unfav: Kavanaugh

[Brett Kavanaugh] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
	Never heard of	Heard but not enough	Favorable opinion	Unfavorable opinion	n
sex
Male	13	20	32	34	479
Female	22	29	21	29	521
Another gender	0	30	0	70	3
age
18-29	33	22	11	33	207
30-44	26	25	18	30	250
45-59	11	27	30	31	241
60+	5	23	39	32	312
education
Less than HS	44	16	29	10	88
HS graduate	21	31	29	18	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	18	23	25	33	278
Bachelor's degree	10	23	26	41	177
Post grad study/professional degree	4	21	22	53	180
income
Less than $30k	31	32	16	21	280
$30k to less than $50k	17	25	25	32	169
$50k to less than $75k	15	27	28	30	176
$75k to less than $100k	13	17	39	30	150
$100k or more	7	16	32	45	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	13	28	56	2	268
Independent	21	26	23	31	426
Democrat	16	19	5	58	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	28	27	10	34	217
Single, living with a partner	25	20	16	39	108
Married	12	23	35	30	519
Separated	34	26	13	26	21
Widowed	10	35	35	20	44
Divorced	14	26	23	37	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	11	24	33	31	632
Black Non-Hispanic	30	30	11	27	122
Hispanic	27	22	22	30	167
Other	26	22	5	46	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	22	27	32	19	58
Once a week	14	27	43	16	183
Once or twice a month	19	37	23	21	94
A few times a year	23	21	21	35	106
Seldom	16	24	28	31	243
Never	17	21	16	45	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	15	28	45	13	190
Mainline Protestant	21	23	28	26	145
Roman Catholic	19	21	34	26	197
No religion	15	25	14	46	332
Other religion	20	23	18	38	142
ideology
Very conservative	19	15	63	4	111
Conservative	15	32	45	8	231
Moderate	22	30	21	26	366
Liberal	11	20	6	63	200
Very liberal	13	8	1	77	99

C7: fav/unfav: Roberts

[John Roberts] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
	Never heard of	Heard but not enough	Favorable opinion	Unfavorable opinion	n
sex
Male	25	23	33	17	479
Female	35	28	25	11	521
Another gender	73	0	27	0	3
age
18-29	52	25	14	7	207
30-44	36	35	21	8	250
45-59	28	23	29	19	241
60+	14	21	45	19	312
education
Less than HS	48	28	13	8	88
HS graduate	38	27	21	13	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	32	25	27	16	278
Bachelor's degree	23	29	34	14	177
Post grad study/professional degree	15	20	49	17	180
income
Less than $30k	43	29	15	12	280
$30k to less than $50k	38	21	25	16	169
$50k to less than $75k	23	30	33	13	176
$75k to less than $100k	24	26	34	16	150
$100k or more	18	23	41	17	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	34	28	20	16	268
Independent	33	22	30	14	426
Democrat	23	29	35	12	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	38	30	19	10	217
Single, living with a partner	41	27	17	15	108
Married	25	24	35	15	519
Separated	41	47	8	4	21
Widowed	36	9	41	14	44
Divorced	25	30	29	16	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	26	25	33	16	632
Black Non-Hispanic	37	31	18	12	122
Hispanic	40	26	22	12	167
Other	39	27	30	4	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	46	13	24	13	58
Once a week	27	27	29	16	183
Once or twice a month	21	38	29	11	94
A few times a year	31	29	30	8	106
Seldom	29	24	31	16	243
Never	33	24	28	15	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	30	26	21	22	190
Mainline Protestant	36	18	31	13	145
Roman Catholic	24	29	37	9	197
No religion	31	27	28	14	332
Other religion	34	25	30	11	142
ideology
Very conservative	32	18	19	28	111
Conservative	30	27	30	13	231
Moderate	35	28	28	8	366
Liberal	25	26	37	12	200
Very liberal	23	23	28	27	99

C8: fav/unfav: Sotomayor

[Sonia Sotomayor] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
	Never heard of	Heard but not enough	Favorable opinion	Unfavorable opinion	n
sex
Male	21	23	40	16	479
Female	29	27	35	9	521
Another gender	56	0	44	0	3
age
18-29	45	30	20	4	207
30-44	32	28	35	6	250
45-59	20	30	37	12	241
60+	11	14	51	23	312
education
Less than HS	50	24	19	7	88
HS graduate	29	25	31	13	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	24	28	33	15	278
Bachelor's degree	23	26	40	11	177
Post grad study/professional degree	11	18	60	11	180
income
Less than $30k	39	27	24	9	280
$30k to less than $50k	30	27	34	9	169
$50k to less than $75k	17	23	45	15	176
$75k to less than $100k	20	21	42	17	150
$100k or more	17	23	42	17	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	27	32	16	26	268
Independent	28	25	34	12	426
Democrat	20	17	61	1	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	35	28	30	5	217
Single, living with a partner	32	30	31	7	108
Married	22	23	38	17	519
Separated	19	19	58	4	21
Widowed	28	19	38	15	44
Divorced	18	20	51	11	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	23	23	38	16	632
Black Non-Hispanic	36	19	40	2	122
Hispanic	22	32	35	11	167
Other	37	25	34	4	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	33	32	20	15	58
Once a week	21	26	32	21	183
Once or twice a month	30	20	35	13	94
A few times a year	26	23	43	8	106
Seldom	26	27	38	9	243
Never	25	22	42	10	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	29	20	26	25	190
Mainline Protestant	32	19	38	9	145
Roman Catholic	18	25	40	16	197
No religion	23	31	39	7	332
Other religion	27	21	44	7	142
ideology
Very conservative	27	20	16	37	111
Conservative	20	32	24	23	231
Moderate	33	23	36	7	366
Liberal	21	24	54	1	200
Very liberal	13	18	67	2	99

C9: fav/unfav: Thomas

[Clarence Thomas] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
	Never heard of	Heard but not enough	Favorable opinion	Unfavorable opinion	n
sex
Male	17	20	37	25	479
Female	24	24	27	25	521
Another gender	56	0	0	44	3
age
18-29	48	23	16	13	207
30-44	30	28	21	22	250
45-59	10	24	37	28	241
60+	4	14	47	34	312
education
Less than HS	38	19	27	16	88
HS graduate	25	22	36	16	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	20	27	26	27	278
Bachelor's degree	16	24	33	27	177
Post grad study/professional degree	12	12	35	40	180
income
Less than $30k	32	27	16	24	280
$30k to less than $50k	28	22	25	24	169
$50k to less than $75k	19	18	38	25	176
$75k to less than $100k	13	17	46	24	150
$100k or more	9	21	45	25	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	19	23	50	7	268
Independent	27	21	30	22	426
Democrat	15	21	19	45	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	31	25	18	25	217
Single, living with a partner	39	22	14	24	108
Married	16	21	41	22	519
Separated	12	28	22	38	21
Widowed	20	20	31	29	44
Divorced	8	18	37	37	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	17	18	41	25	632
Black Non-Hispanic	17	30	14	37	122
Hispanic	28	29	21	21	167
Other	43	24	13	20	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	19	30	28	23	58
Once a week	12	21	50	16	183
Once or twice a month	24	28	29	19	94
A few times a year	33	17	24	26	106
Seldom	19	23	33	23	243
Never	22	19	25	33	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	15	23	45	16	190
Mainline Protestant	29	14	34	21	145
Roman Catholic	20	19	42	19	197
No religion	21	26	21	32	332
Other religion	22	21	22	35	142
ideology
Very conservative	15	13	59	13	111
Conservative	15	27	49	8	231
Moderate	26	24	27	22	366
Liberal	20	22	17	42	200
Very liberal	20	11	10	59	99

D1: fav/unfav: Arizona voting case

[Ruled that an Arizona law did not violate the federal Voting Rights Act in rejecting ballots cast at the wrong precinct and limiting who can return absentee ballots for a voter.] Do you favor or oppose the following recent Supreme Court decision, or haven’t you heard enough about it to have an opinion? The Supreme Court…
	Heard nothing at all	Heard of but not enough for an opinion	Heard of and favor the decision	Heard of and oppose the decision	n
sex
Male	21	25	29	24	479
Female	33	28	17	22	521
Another gender	30	0	26	44	3
age
18-29	44	25	17	12	207
30-44	33	31	16	20	250
45-59	25	25	27	22	241
60+	13	24	30	33	312
education
Less than HS	48	25	20	8	88
HS graduate	31	29	22	18	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	25	26	24	24	278
Bachelor's degree	23	24	28	24	177
Post grad study/professional degree	19	24	21	36	180
income
Less than $30k	38	28	15	18	280
$30k to less than $50k	27	27	25	22	169
$50k to less than $75k	21	26	28	25	176
$75k to less than $100k	20	29	25	25	150
$100k or more	22	22	30	25	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	29	25	34	12	268
Independent	28	27	26	18	426
Democrat	25	26	11	38	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	36	29	12	21	217
Single, living with a partner	32	25	22	21	108
Married	23	25	28	23	519
Separated	27	51	16	5	21
Widowed	28	16	37	19	44
Divorced	23	29	17	31	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	23	24	28	24	632
Black Non-Hispanic	29	34	7	26	122
Hispanic	38	28	22	13	167
Other	33	26	14	28	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	28	28	28	16	58
Once a week	24	28	29	19	183
Once or twice a month	18	33	27	21	94
A few times a year	31	24	21	24	106
Seldom	29	25	23	22	243
Never	29	24	19	27	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	24	25	35	16	190
Mainline Protestant	37	25	16	20	145
Roman Catholic	26	27	24	24	197
No religion	27	27	20	26	332
Other religion	23	27	23	28	142
ideology
Very conservative	17	28	41	13	111
Conservative	23	29	37	10	231
Moderate	35	25	20	20	366
Liberal	23	30	12	35	200
Very liberal	27	16	7	50	99

D2: fav/unfav: California donor case

[Ruled that California cannot require charities to report the identities of their top donors to the state attorney general, saying this violated the Constitutional right of freedom of association.] Do you favor or oppose the following recent Supreme Court decision, or haven’t you heard enough about it to have an opinion? The Supreme Court…
	Heard nothing at all	Heard of but not enough for an opinion	Heard of and favor the decision	Heard of and oppose the decision	n
sex
Male	33	20	23	23	479
Female	47	22	17	13	521
Another gender	26	27	30	17	3
age
18-29	48	18	23	8	207
30-44	43	27	16	14	250
45-59	40	19	21	19	241
60+	33	21	19	26	312
education
Less than HS	45	24	26	5	88
HS graduate	41	22	20	17	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	42	20	17	18	278
Bachelor's degree	39	20	20	21	177
Post grad study/professional degree	34	22	20	23	180
income
Less than $30k	44	22	18	13	280
$30k to less than $50k	49	17	16	17	169
$50k to less than $75k	41	18	24	18	176
$75k to less than $100k	30	30	21	20	150
$100k or more	32	21	26	21	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	39	22	27	11	268
Independent	41	20	22	17	426
Democrat	41	23	11	25	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	48	19	19	11	217
Single, living with a partner	41	19	23	17	108
Married	36	22	22	20	519
Separated	30	42	5	23	21
Widowed	33	24	25	18	44
Divorced	50	20	9	20	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	36	22	21	20	632
Black Non-Hispanic	41	27	11	18	122
Hispanic	48	15	21	13	167
Other	56	17	18	9	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	26	31	29	15	58
Once a week	35	24	33	8	183
Once or twice a month	26	34	15	21	94
A few times a year	38	15	22	25	106
Seldom	46	19	18	16	243
Never	46	19	13	23	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	37	25	27	9	190
Mainline Protestant	42	22	17	16	145
Roman Catholic	34	24	20	21	197
No religion	44	18	17	21	332
Other religion	42	21	20	18	142
ideology
Very conservative	37	14	34	14	111
Conservative	36	27	26	10	231
Moderate	43	19	21	16	366
Liberal	42	25	8	26	200
Very liberal	40	18	9	30	99

D3: fav/unfav: school speech case

[Ruled that schools generally cannot punish students for things they say outside of school hours and off school grounds with the possible exception of bullying or threats.] Do you favor or oppose the following recent Supreme Court decision, or haven’t you heard enough about it to have an opinion? The Supreme Court…
	Heard nothing at all	Heard of but not enough for an opinion	Heard of and favor the decision	Heard of and oppose the decision	n
sex
Male	19	15	59	6	479
Female	29	16	45	8	521
Another gender	26	0	74	0	3
age
18-29	30	13	50	4	207
30-44	23	20	48	8	250
45-59	29	14	51	5	241
60+	16	15	58	9	312
education
Less than HS	31	34	26	8	88
HS graduate	27	19	46	7	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	23	11	59	5	278
Bachelor's degree	24	8	59	8	177
Post grad study/professional degree	16	15	59	9	180
income
Less than $30k	31	19	42	6	280
$30k to less than $50k	24	14	54	6	169
$50k to less than $75k	21	17	53	9	176
$75k to less than $100k	22	13	56	9	150
$100k or more	21	15	60	5	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	27	18	45	9	268
Independent	24	14	55	5	426
Democrat	22	16	55	8	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	27	17	49	5	217
Single, living with a partner	26	10	56	5	108
Married	21	17	53	9	519
Separated	33	22	33	12	21
Widowed	29	18	48	1	44
Divorced	24	10	58	8	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	21	14	58	7	632
Black Non-Hispanic	29	25	35	9	122
Hispanic	29	13	49	5	167
Other	29	21	41	8	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	24	7	55	11	58
Once a week	20	20	52	7	183
Once or twice a month	14	38	39	6	94
A few times a year	27	14	46	12	106
Seldom	29	14	48	7	243
Never	24	10	61	5	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	25	20	48	7	190
Mainline Protestant	21	18	49	10	145
Roman Catholic	21	24	47	7	197
No religion	23	9	63	4	332
Other religion	32	13	43	11	142
ideology
Very conservative	28	14	47	8	111
Conservative	22	16	55	7	231
Moderate	24	20	50	5	366
Liberal	23	12	54	10	200
Very liberal	23	9	60	8	99

D4: fav/unfav: Philadelphia foster-care case

[Ruled that Philadelphia was wrong to end a Catholic group’s contract to provide foster-care services because the organization refused to work with same-sex couples.] Do you favor or oppose the following recent Supreme Court decision, or haven’t you heard enough about it to have an opinion? The Supreme Court…
	Heard nothing at all	Heard of but not enough for an opinion	Heard of and favor the decision	Heard of and oppose the decision	n
sex
Male	32	15	30	23	479
Female	40	19	24	16	521
Another gender	26	27	46	0	3
age
18-29	50	14	21	14	207
30-44	44	17	23	16	250
45-59	33	22	24	21	241
60+	24	15	36	25	312
education
Less than HS	53	19	18	8	88
HS graduate	35	17	28	19	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	38	17	24	20	278
Bachelor's degree	36	12	34	18	177
Post grad study/professional degree	27	21	26	26	180
income
Less than $30k	41	22	16	19	280
$30k to less than $50k	39	15	28	18	169
$50k to less than $75k	32	15	37	16	176
$75k to less than $100k	30	18	27	25	150
$100k or more	34	13	32	21	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	34	13	42	10	268
Independent	40	16	25	18	426
Democrat	33	21	17	29	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	43	17	17	20	217
Single, living with a partner	38	16	23	19	108
Married	32	16	33	19	519
Separated	54	22	19	5	21
Widowed	33	26	26	16	44
Divorced	37	15	25	23	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	32	14	32	23	632
Black Non-Hispanic	35	26	21	14	122
Hispanic	46	25	18	11	167
Other	53	13	14	20	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	37	13	32	16	58
Once a week	24	23	36	15	183
Once or twice a month	29	16	35	20	94
A few times a year	38	22	29	12	106
Seldom	39	15	26	18	243
Never	42	14	18	26	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	31	13	37	19	190
Mainline Protestant	41	22	21	12	145
Roman Catholic	31	22	29	17	197
No religion	38	14	21	26	332
Other religion	41	15	30	15	142
ideology
Very conservative	25	16	49	10	111
Conservative	30	19	33	17	231
Moderate	43	19	24	14	366
Liberal	41	13	19	27	200
Very liberal	28	14	14	44	99

D5: fav/unfav: ACA case

[Rejected a case attempting to strike down the Affordable Care Act, or Obamacare, leaving the health care law intact.] Do you favor or oppose the following recent Supreme Court decision, or haven’t you heard enough about it to have an opinion? The Supreme Court…
	Heard nothing at all	Heard of but not enough for an opinion	Heard of and favor the decision	Heard of and oppose the decision	n
sex
Male	12	22	44	22	479
Female	18	26	39	15	521
Another gender	0	0	100	0	3
age
18-29	30	26	35	7	207
30-44	21	29	39	11	250
45-59	10	23	41	25	241
60+	4	20	50	27	312
education
Less than HS	27	33	24	16	88
HS graduate	16	31	30	23	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	15	25	41	17	278
Bachelor's degree	13	16	51	19	177
Post grad study/professional degree	9	13	62	14	180
income
Less than $30k	23	30	33	11	280
$30k to less than $50k	16	24	43	18	169
$50k to less than $75k	13	23	42	22	176
$75k to less than $100k	9	24	40	25	150
$100k or more	13	13	49	26	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	15	33	15	37	268
Independent	19	24	41	15	426
Democrat	9	17	66	7	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	21	30	39	8	217
Single, living with a partner	25	25	40	10	108
Married	10	22	41	25	519
Separated	16	12	65	8	21
Widowed	9	29	41	22	44
Divorced	16	18	49	16	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	11	23	43	23	632
Black Non-Hispanic	13	23	43	16	122
Hispanic	22	33	35	10	167
Other	33	14	49	4	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	22	26	30	21	58
Once a week	10	31	29	29	183
Once or twice a month	14	29	29	28	94
A few times a year	18	13	48	21	106
Seldom	13	21	45	19	243
Never	17	24	50	8	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	11	26	28	34	190
Mainline Protestant	12	29	44	11	145
Roman Catholic	16	24	34	26	197
No religion	16	23	52	9	332
Other religion	17	20	48	15	142
ideology
Very conservative	16	29	8	47	111
Conservative	14	34	23	28	231
Moderate	17	25	42	14	366
Liberal	14	13	66	7	200
Very liberal	10	12	75	3	99

D6: fav/unfav: NCAA case

[Ruled that the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) violated antitrust laws when it limited the various education-related benefits that colleges and universities can offer student athletes.] Do you favor or oppose the following recent Supreme Court decision, or haven’t you heard enough about it to have an opinion? The Supreme Court…
	Heard nothing at all	Heard of but not enough for an opinion	Heard of and favor the decision	Heard of and oppose the decision	n
sex
Male	23	21	47	8	479
Female	43	29	21	5	521
Another gender	43	0	57	0	3
age
18-29	47	18	28	5	207
30-44	40	23	33	4	250
45-59	29	32	33	7	241
60+	22	27	39	10	312
education
Less than HS	39	32	28	1	88
HS graduate	37	30	25	8	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	40	18	32	8	278
Bachelor's degree	27	24	41	7	177
Post grad study/professional degree	21	26	46	5	180
income
Less than $30k	47	25	22	5	280
$30k to less than $50k	39	29	25	7	169
$50k to less than $75k	29	22	39	10	176
$75k to less than $100k	23	26	42	8	150
$100k or more	27	24	43	6	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	34	32	24	9	268
Independent	36	22	35	5	426
Democrat	29	23	41	6	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	39	23	30	6	217
Single, living with a partner	36	20	39	5	108
Married	31	27	34	8	519
Separated	36	22	37	5	21
Widowed	35	30	28	6	44
Divorced	32	25	38	5	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	32	25	36	7	632
Black Non-Hispanic	29	27	34	7	122
Hispanic	40	21	31	8	167
Other	40	30	26	5	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	37	30	29	4	58
Once a week	27	39	26	8	183
Once or twice a month	31	30	24	14	94
A few times a year	30	22	40	7	106
Seldom	35	20	37	6	243
Never	37	20	38	4	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	37	28	24	10	190
Mainline Protestant	31	23	39	6	145
Roman Catholic	26	35	28	10	197
No religion	37	18	42	3	332
Other religion	33	26	33	6	142
ideology
Very conservative	36	32	17	14	111
Conservative	32	38	23	7	231
Moderate	35	22	37	6	366
Liberal	38	16	40	6	200
Very liberal	22	19	55	2	99

E1: add justices

How much do you favor or oppose a proposal to increase the number of justices on the US Supreme Court?
	Strongly favor	Favor	Oppose	Strongly oppose	n
sex
Male	11	31	27	30	479
Female	12	41	30	17	521
Another gender	57	43	0	0	3
age
18-29	15	48	26	12	207
30-44	14	42	30	13	250
45-59	8	31	31	30	241
60+	12	27	27	33	312
education
Less than HS	19	37	29	15	88
HS graduate	10	32	32	25	288
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	11	36	29	22	278
Bachelor's degree	14	33	26	27	177
Post grad study/professional degree	11	46	23	19	180
income
Less than $30k	18	40	29	13	280
$30k to less than $50k	17	34	26	23	169
$50k to less than $75k	8	39	27	25	176
$75k to less than $100k	6	35	28	32	150
$100k or more	8	25	34	33	159
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	7	19	31	43	268
Independent	8	36	31	25	426
Democrat	22	51	23	3	316
marital status
Single, that is never married	19	43	25	13	217
Single, living with a partner	15	43	32	11	108
Married	9	30	30	31	519
Separated	8	47	36	9	21
Widowed	18	22	41	19	44
Divorced	10	49	18	22	102
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	11	30	28	31	632
Black Non-Hispanic	17	53	24	4	122
Hispanic	16	33	35	17	167
Other	10	65	22	3	82
religious service attendance
More than once a week	15	30	22	28	58
Once a week	7	33	24	36	183
Once or twice a month	11	28	28	33	94
A few times a year	18	37	27	18	106
Seldom	9	39	34	18	243
Never	15	39	29	17	326
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	9	29	28	33	190
Mainline Protestant	16	36	23	26	145
Roman Catholic	13	24	31	32	197
No religion	13	44	30	13	332
Other religion	10	45	28	17	142
ideology
Very conservative	11	10	23	56	111
Conservative	5	28	27	39	231
Moderate	9	39	34	18	366
Liberal	13	52	30	6	200
Very liberal	42	41	16	2	99

E2A: justice retirement

Justice Stephen Breyer is 82 years old and the oldest member of the Court. He was nominated to the court in 1994 by President Clinton. Some Democrats are urging Breyer to retire now while there are a Democratic president and senate. Do you think Justices should consider the party in control of the White House and senate as they decide when to retire?
	Should consider party in control	Should not retire based on party in control	n
sex
Male	40	60	237
Female	38	60	243
Another gender	0	100	2
age
18-29	42	55	114
30-44	45	55	116
45-59	41	59	106
60+	30	70	148
education
Less than HS	45	55	36
HS graduate	38	62	145
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	35	62	128
Bachelor's degree	43	57	90
Post grad study/professional degree	40	60	85
income
Less than $30k	46	51	137
$30k to less than $50k	45	55	75
$50k to less than $75k	33	67	84
$75k to less than $100k	40	60	80
$100k or more	31	69	74
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	23	77	140
Independent	37	61	209
Democrat	58	42	136
marital status
Single, that is never married	52	45	106
Single, living with a partner	42	58	56
Married	33	67	238
Separated	50	50	9
Widowed	35	65	18
Divorced	37	63	58
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	36	64	307
Black Non-Hispanic	53	41	62
Hispanic	31	69	78
Other	66	34	32
religious service attendance
More than once a week	59	41	31
Once a week	34	66	84
Once or twice a month	18	82	51
A few times a year	37	63	54
Seldom	35	62	119
Never	49	51	144
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	41	59	102
Mainline Protestant	40	54	59
Roman Catholic	25	75	100
No religion	46	54	168
Other religion	39	61	55
ideology
Very conservative	19	81	50
Conservative	23	77	118
Moderate	38	62	182
Liberal	57	43	75
Very liberal	73	27	54

E2B: justice retirement

Do you think Justices should consider the party in control of the White House and senate as they decide when to retire?
	Should consider party in control	Should not retire based on party in control	n
sex
Male	27	73	242
Female	29	71	278
Another gender	62	38	1
age
18-29	27	73	93
30-44	34	66	134
45-59	27	73	134
60+	25	75	164
education
Less than HS	24	76	52
HS graduate	31	69	143
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	21	79	150
Bachelor's degree	38	62	86
Post grad study/professional degree	30	70	95
income
Less than $30k	35	65	144
$30k to less than $50k	11	89	94
$50k to less than $75k	39	61	91
$75k to less than $100k	22	78	70
$100k or more	24	76	86
party ID, leaners as independents
Republican	16	84	128
Independent	26	74	217
Democrat	41	59	180
marital status
Single, that is never married	29	71	111
Single, living with a partner	34	66	53
Married	25	75	280
Separated	74	26	12
Widowed	22	78	26
Divorced	30	70	44
race and ethnicity
White Non-Hispanic	27	73	325
Black Non-Hispanic	33	67	60
Hispanic	29	70	89
Other	26	74	50
religious service attendance
More than once a week	30	70	26
Once a week	23	77	98
Once or twice a month	27	73	42
A few times a year	33	66	52
Seldom	28	72	125
Never	30	70	181
religious preference
Born-again Protestant	25	75	89
Mainline Protestant	24	76	86
Roman Catholic	23	77	97
No religion	35	65	164
Other religion	29	71	87
ideology
Very conservative	21	79	60
Conservative	23	76	112
Moderate	22	78	183
Liberal	37	63	125
Very liberal	53	47	45