Marquette Law School Supreme Court Poll September 7-16, 2021

(Percentages are rounded to whole numbers for reporting of results. Frequencies have been rounded to whole numbers but percentages are calculated based on non-integer weighted sample sizes.)

Results for survey items among all respondents are presented here (unless otherwise indicated). Please note that some questions are only asked of particular groups of respondents. In these instances, the row “NA’s” includes the number and percent of total respondents omitted from the question. These omitted cases are ignored when calculating the “Valid” and “Cumulative” percent columns.

A1: interest in politics

Some people seem to follow what's going on in politics most of the time, whether there's an election going on or not. Others aren't that interested. How often do you follow what's going on in politics…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Most of the time 583 41 41 41
Some of the time 519 37 37 78
Only now and then 203 14 14 92
Hardly at all 106 7 7 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B1: Biden approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 240 17 17 17
Somewhat approve 420 30 30 48
Somewhat disapprove 206 15 15 63
Strongly disapprove 510 36 37 100
Skipped/Ref 6 0 0 100
(Missing) 29 2 NA NA

B1: Biden approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 661 47 48 48
Disapprove 716 51 52 100
Skipped/Ref 6 0 0 100
(Missing) 29 2 NA NA

B2: Supreme Court approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 95 7 7 7
Somewhat approve 550 39 42 49
Somewhat disapprove 392 28 30 79
Strongly disapprove 266 19 20 99
Skipped/Ref 12 1 1 100
(Missing) 97 7 NA NA

B2: Supreme Court approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 645 46 49 49
Disapprove 658 47 50 99
Refused 12 1 1 100
(Missing) 97 7 NA NA

B3: Congress approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 32 2 2 2
Somewhat approve 363 26 27 30
Somewhat disapprove 466 33 35 64
Strongly disapprove 468 33 35 99
Skipped/Ref 9 1 1 100
(Missing) 73 5 NA NA

B3: Congress approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 395 28 30 30
Disapprove 934 66 70 99
Skipped/Ref 9 1 1 100
(Missing) 73 5 NA NA

B4: Biden Afghanistan approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling the withdrawal of US forces from Afghanistan?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 169 12 12 12
Somewhat approve 326 23 24 36
Somewhat disapprove 269 19 20 56
Strongly disapprove 592 42 43 99
Skipped/Ref 7 0 1 100
(Missing) 48 3 NA NA

B4: Biden Afghanistan approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling the withdrawal of US forces from Afghanistan?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 495 35 36 36
Disapprove 861 61 63 99
Skipped/Ref 7 0 1 100
(Missing) 48 3 NA NA

B5: Biden COVID approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling the response to the coronavirus?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 415 29 30 30
Somewhat approve 366 26 26 56
Somewhat disapprove 194 14 14 70
Strongly disapprove 408 29 29 100
Skipped/Ref 7 0 0 100
(Missing) 20 1 NA NA

B5: Biden COVID approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling the response to the coronavirus?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 782 55 56 56
Disapprove 602 43 43 100
Skipped/Ref 7 0 0 100
(Missing) 20 1 NA NA

B6: Favor/Oppose Afghanistan withdrawl

Do you support or oppose the withdrawal of all US troops from Afghanistan?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Support 952 67 74 74
Oppose 337 24 26 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100
(Missing) 121 9 NA NA

B7: Afghanistan war, worth it or not

When it comes to Afghanistan, do you think the war was worth it or not worth it?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Worth it 326 23 25 25
Not worth it 961 68 74 100
Skipped/Ref 5 0 0 100
(Missing) 119 8 NA NA

B8: Refugee admittance

Do you support or oppose admitting as many refugees as possible from Afghanistan into the US, so long as they pass a background check?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Support 751 53 58 58
Oppose 547 39 42 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100
(Missing) 111 8 NA NA

C1: Most trusted branch

Of the three branches of US government, which one do you trust the most?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
The US Congress (the legislative branch) 229 16 16 16
The Presidency (the executive branch) 356 25 25 41
The US Supreme Court (the judicial branch) 819 58 58 99
Skipped/Ref 7 1 1 100

C2: SCOTUS ideology

[The US Supreme Court] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 228 16 16 16
Somewhat conservative 490 35 35 51
Moderate 560 40 40 91
Somewhat liberal 105 7 7 98
Very liberal 26 2 2 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

C3: Biden ideology

[Joe Biden] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 51 4 4 4
Somewhat conservative 98 7 7 11
Moderate 375 27 27 37
Somewhat liberal 405 29 29 66
Very liberal 477 34 34 100
Skipped/Ref 4 0 0 100

C4: Democratic party ideology

[The Democratic party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 56 4 4 4
Somewhat conservative 82 6 6 10
Moderate 283 20 20 30
Somewhat liberal 419 30 30 60
Very liberal 565 40 40 100
Skipped/Ref 5 0 0 100

C5: Republican party ideology

[The Republican party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 669 47 47 47
Somewhat conservative 423 30 30 77
Moderate 224 16 16 93
Somewhat liberal 55 4 4 97
Very liberal 38 3 3 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

D1: Next justice importance

How important is the choice of the next Supreme Court justice to you personally?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very important 732 52 52 52
Somewhat important 436 31 31 83
Not too important 199 14 14 97
Not at all important 43 3 3 100

D2: Justice motivations

In general, what most often motivates Supreme Court justices’ decisions?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Mainly politics 548 39 39 39
Mainly the law 863 61 61 100

D3: SCOTUS majority

What is your guess as to whether a majority of the current US Supreme Court Justices were appointed by Democratic or Republican presidents?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely a majority appointed by Democratic presidents 51 4 4 4
Probably a majority appointed by Democratic presidents 306 22 22 25
Probably a majority appointed by Republican presidents 643 46 46 71
Definitely a majority appointed by Republican presidents 410 29 29 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

D4: Judicial review

Does the Supreme Court have the power to review laws passed by Congress and to declare them invalid if they conflict with the Constitution?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes, the Supreme Court has this power 1209 86 86 86
No, the Supreme Court does not have this power 196 14 14 100
Skipped/Ref 6 0 0 100

D5: Law interpretation

How should Supreme Court justices interpret the law? Should they…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Read the text of the law as written 454 32 32 32
Use the commonly understood meaning at the time the law was written 286 20 20 52
Interpret the law as it applies to current circumstances 663 47 47 99
Skipped/Ref 8 1 1 100

D6: Support political parties

Should justices of the Supreme Court support the positions of one of the political parties when making decisions or should they ignore the positions of any party?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Should support party positions 219 16 16 16
Should ignore party positions 1188 84 84 100
Skipped/Ref 4 0 0 100

D7: Consider public opinion

Should justices of the Supreme Court consider public opinion about a case when making decisions or should they ignore public opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Should consider public opinion 578 41 41 41
Should ignore public opinion 827 59 59 100
Skipped/Ref 7 0 0 100

D8: Follow precedent

Should justices of the Supreme Court follow previous decisions whenever possible or should the Court overturn previous decisions if a majority of the Court believes the case was wrongly decided?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Follow previous decisions 365 26 26 26
Overturn if a majority think it was wrongly decided 1042 74 74 100
Skipped/Ref 4 0 0 100

E1: Increase number of justices

[Increase the number of justices on the US Supreme Court] How much do you favor or oppose the following proposals affecting the Supreme Court?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 228 16 16 16
Somewhat favor 454 32 32 48
Somewhat oppose 286 20 20 69
Strongly oppose 440 31 31 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

E2: Institute fixed terms

[Have judges serve a fixed term on the court rather than serving life terms] How much do you favor or oppose the following proposals affecting the Supreme Court?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 568 40 40 40
Somewhat favor 452 32 32 72
Somewhat oppose 212 15 15 87
Strongly oppose 174 12 12 100
Skipped/Ref 5 0 0 100

E3: Limit judicial review

[Limit the ability of the Supreme Court to review and set aside acts of Congress as unconstitutional] How much do you favor or oppose the following proposals affecting the Supreme Court?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 135 10 10 10
Somewhat favor 434 31 31 40
Somewhat oppose 429 30 30 71
Strongly oppose 410 29 29 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

F1: Rights expanded? LGBT

[Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Expanded rights 1079 77 77 77
Reduced rights 115 8 8 85
Has not changed much either way 216 15 15 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

F2: Rights expanded? Religion

[Religious people and organizations] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Expanded rights 472 33 33 33
Reduced rights 301 21 21 55
Has not changed much either way 636 45 45 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

F3: Rights expanded? Guns

[Gun owners] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Expanded rights 387 27 27 27
Reduced rights 380 27 27 54
Has not changed much either way 638 45 45 100
Skipped/Ref 5 0 0 100

F4: Rights expanded? Abortion

[Those seeking an abortion] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Expanded rights 323 23 23 23
Reduced rights 636 45 45 68
Has not changed much either way 450 32 32 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

F5: Rights expanded? Minority voting

[Voting rights of racial or ethnic minorities] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Expanded rights 536 38 38 38
Reduced rights 323 23 23 61
Has not changed much either way 550 39 39 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

F6: Rights expanded? Political donations

[Contributors to political campaigns] Over the past 15 years or so would you say the Supreme Court has generally expanded or reduced the rights protected for each of these groups or has it not changed much either way?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Expanded rights 546 39 39 39
Reduced rights 208 15 15 53
Has not changed much either way 646 46 46 99
Skipped/Ref 10 1 1 100

F7: CDC eviction moratorium

The Supreme Court recently ruled that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) did not have the power to extend a moratorium on evicting renters during the coronavirus pandemic, saying this would require an act of Congress. Do you favor or oppose the Court’s decision, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 225 16 16 16
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 424 30 30 46
Heard of and favor the decision 543 38 38 84
Heard of and oppose the decision 217 15 15 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

F8: “Remain in Mexico”

The Supreme Court recently let stand a lower court order that the Biden administration must reinstate a Trump era policy requiring many asylum seekers to wait outside the United States for their cases to be decided, also known as “Remain in Mexico.” Do you favor or oppose the Court’s decision, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 236 17 17 17
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 281 20 20 37
Heard of and favor the decision 571 40 40 77
Heard of and oppose the decision 312 22 22 99
Skipped/Ref 12 1 1 100

G1: COVID vaccine status

Have you personally received the coronavirus vaccine, or not? Did you receive a single-dose vaccine, the first of two doses,or have you gotten both doses of a two-dose vaccine?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes-Single dose vaccine (J&J) 81 6 6 6
Yes-Received first of two doses (Pfizer/Moderna) 186 13 13 19
Yes-Gotten both doses (Pfizer/Moderna) 805 57 57 76
No-Have not received vaccine 327 23 23 99
Skipped/Ref 12 1 1 100

G2: COVID vaccine intention

Will you definitely get a coronavirus vaccine, probably get it, probably not get it, or definitely not get it?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely get it 7 0 2 2
Probably get it 49 4 15 17
Probably not get it 80 6 24 42
Definitely not get it 191 14 58 100
(Missing) 1084 77 NA NA

G3: Public school mask requirement

Do you support or oppose requiring teachers and students in public elementary and high schools to wear masks?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly support 735 52 52 52
Somewhat support 245 17 17 69
Somewhat oppose 187 13 13 83
Strongly oppose 240 17 17 100
Skipped/Ref 5 0 0 100

G4: Public university vaccine requirement

Do you support or oppose public universities requiring that all students be vaccinated against the coronavirus, with exceptions for religious objections or medical reasons?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly support 676 48 48 48
Somewhat support 221 16 16 64
Somewhat oppose 158 11 11 75
Strongly oppose 354 25 25 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

G5: COVID level in your state

Do you think the current level of coronavirus cases in your state is a serious problem or not a serious problem?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Serious problem 960 68 68 68
Not serious problem 450 32 32 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

H1: Favor/Oppose strike down Roe

[Overturn Roe versus Wade, thus strike down the 1973 decision that made abortion legal in all 50 states.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 156 11 11 11
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 259 18 18 29
Favor 284 20 20 50
Oppose 712 50 50 100

H2: Favor/Oppose extend 2nd Amendment

[Rule that the 2nd Amendment right to “keep and bear arms” protects the right to carry a gun outside the home.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 160 11 11 11
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 251 18 18 29
Favor 627 44 44 74
Oppose 367 26 26 100
Skipped/Ref 7 0 0 100

H3: Favor/Oppose extend parochial school aid

[Rule that a state program that provides financial support for students attending private schools cannot exclude students attending private religious schools from receiving that support.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 458 32 32 32
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 260 18 18 51
Favor 474 34 34 84
Oppose 215 15 15 100
Skipped/Ref 4 0 0 100

H4: Favor/Oppose ban university affirmative action

[Rule that colleges cannot use race as one of several factors in deciding which applicants to admit.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 274 19 19 19
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 194 14 14 33
Favor 751 53 53 86
Oppose 181 13 13 99
Skipped/Ref 12 1 1 100

H5: Favor/Oppose restrict social media

[Rule in favor of laws that restrict the ability of social media companies such as Facebook, Twitter or YouTube to exclude public officials from their platforms.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 217 15 15 15
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 264 19 19 34
Favor 556 39 39 74
Oppose 369 26 26 100
Skipped/Ref 5 0 0 100

H6: Favor/Oppose expand state election authority

[Rule that states have wide authority to regulate elections and voting requirements.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 243 17 17 17
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 313 22 22 39
Favor 370 26 26 66
Oppose 478 34 34 99
Skipped/Ref 8 1 1 100

H7: Favor/Oppose ban abortions after 15 weeks

[Rule to uphold a state law that (except in cases of medical emergencies or fetal abnormalities) bans abortions after the 15th week of pregnancy.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 154 11 11 11
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 225 16 16 27
Favor 559 40 40 66
Oppose 473 34 34 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

H8: Favor/Oppose ban abortion after 6 weeks

[Rule to uphold a state law that bans most abortions after about six weeks of pregnancy.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 131 9 9 9
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 204 14 14 24
Favor 419 30 30 53
Oppose 652 46 46 100
Skipped/Ref 5 0 0 100

H9: Court system’s election handling

There were some 60 cases in state and federal courts challenging various aspects of the 2020 presidential election. Do you approve or disapprove of the way the courts handled these cases or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 150 11 11 11
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 510 36 36 47
Approve 406 29 29 76
Disapprove 343 24 24 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

H10: Confidence in election

How confident are you that, across the country, the votes for president were accurately cast and counted in last year's election? Very confident, somewhat confident, not too confident, or not at all confident.
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very confident 628 45 45 45
Somewhat confident 215 15 15 60
Not too confident 211 15 15 75
Not at all confident 357 25 25 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

X1: Voted in 2016

In any election, some people are not able to vote because they are sick or busy or have some other reason, and others do not want to vote. Did you vote in the election held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 1157 82 82 82
No 253 18 18 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

X2: Registered in 2016

Were you registered to vote in the November 3, 2020 election?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 1267 90 90 90
No 142 10 10 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100
(Missing) 1 0 NA NA

X3: Length of current residence

How long have you lived at your current address?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Less than 1 year 155 11 11 11
1-2 years 230 16 16 27
3-4 years 197 14 14 41
5 years or longer 828 59 59 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

X4: Internet use

About how often do you use the internet?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Almost constantly 744 53 53 53
Several times a day 558 40 40 92
About once a day 58 4 4 96
Several times a week 45 3 3 100
Less often 5 0 0 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

X5: Trust in government

How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right?...Just about always, most of the time, only some of the time, never?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Just about always 27 2 2 2
Most of the time 348 25 25 27
Only some of the time 803 57 57 83
Never 231 16 16 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

X6: Trust in others

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or most people can't be trusted?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Most people can be trusted 785 56 56 56
Most people can't be trusted 622 44 44 100
Skipped/Ref 4 0 0 100

Z1: Party ID

Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, or an Independent?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 383 27 27 27
Democrat 426 30 30 57
Independent 433 31 31 88
Other/No preference 162 11 11 100
Skipped/Ref 7 0 0 100

Z2A: Party ID strenth

Would you call yourself a strong [Republican/Democrat] or a not very strong [Republican/Democrat]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strong 497 35 61 61
Not very strong 311 22 38 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100
(Missing) 602 43 NA NA

Z2B: Party ID lean

Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 163 12 27 27
Democratic 173 12 29 57
Neither 258 18 43 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100
(Missing) 816 58 NA NA

Z3: religious service attendance

Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
More than once a week 103 7 7 7
Once a week 242 17 17 24
Once or twice a month 108 8 8 32
A few times a year 188 13 13 45
Seldom 355 25 25 71
Never 413 29 29 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

Z4: born-again or evangelical

Would you describe yourself as a "born-again" or evangelical Christian, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes, would 391 28 28 28
No, would not 1019 72 72 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

Z5: political ideology

In general, would you describe your political views as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 169 12 12 12
Somewhat conservative 332 24 24 36
Moderate 503 36 36 71
Somewhat liberal 266 19 19 90
Very liberal 139 10 10 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

Z6: talk to neighbors

Thinking back to the months prior to the COVID-19 outbreak in the US, how often did you talk with any of your neighbors?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Basically, every day 166 12 12 12
A few times a week 429 30 30 42
A few times a month 366 26 26 68
Once a month 112 8 8 76
Less than once a month 195 14 14 90
Not at all 142 10 10 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

Z7: volunteering

We are interested in volunteer activities for which people are not paid, except perhaps expenses.  In the last 12 months, have you done any volunteer activities through or for an organization?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 409 29 29 29
No 999 71 71 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

gender

Do you consider yourself to be…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Male 656 46 47 47
Female 726 51 52 99
Another gender 12 1 1 100
(Missing) 18 1 NA NA

age

Age - 4 Categories
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
18-29 262 19 19 19
30-44 373 26 26 45
45-59 338 24 24 69
60+ 437 31 31 100

party ID, 5-cat

Party ID with leaners separate
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 383 27 27 27
Lean Republican 163 12 12 39
Independent 258 18 18 57
Lean Democrat 173 12 12 69
Democrat 426 30 30 99
Refused 8 1 1 100

party ID, leaners as partisans

Party ID with leaners included
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 546 39 39 39
Independent 258 18 18 57
Democrat 599 42 42 99
Refused 8 1 1 100

education

Education - 5 categories
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Less than HS 87 6 6 6
HS graduate 433 31 31 37
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 387 27 27 64
Bachelor's degree 245 17 17 82
Post grad study/professional degree 259 18 18 100

income

Household income
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Less than $30k 388 27 27 27
$30k to less than $50k 299 21 21 49
$50k to less than $75k 245 17 17 66
$75k to less than $100k 156 11 11 77
$100k or more 215 15 15 92
DK/NA/Ref 108 8 8 100

marital status

Which group describes your marital status?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Single, that is never married 320 23 23 23
Single, living with a partner 166 12 12 34
Married 682 48 48 83
Separated 29 2 2 85
Widowed 56 4 4 89
Divorced 158 11 11 100

race/ethnicity

Recoded panel variable
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
White Non-Hispanic 874 62 62 62
Black Non-Hispanic 167 12 12 74
Hispanic 232 16 16 90
Other 121 9 9 99
Refused 17 1 1 100

religious affiliation

Religious affiliation
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Born-again Protestant 277 20 20 20
Mainline Protestant 210 15 15 35
Roman Catholic 296 21 21 56
No religion 434 31 31 86
Other religion 192 14 14 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100
(Missing) 2 0 NA NA