Marquette Law School Supreme Court Poll November 15-22, 2022

Registered Voters

(Percentages are rounded to whole numbers for reporting of results. Frequencies have been rounded to whole numbers but percentages are calculated based on non-integer weighted sample sizes.)

Results for survey items among registered voters are presented here (unless otherwise indicated). Please note that some questions are only asked of particular groups of respondents. In these instances, the row “NA’s” includes the number and percent of total respondents omitted from the question. These omitted cases are ignored when calculating the “Valid” and “Cumulative” percent columns.

A1: interest in politics

Some people seem to follow what's going on in politics most of the time, whether there's an election going on or not. Others aren't that interested. How often do you follow what's going on in politics…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Most of the time 346 45 45 45
Some of the time 289 37 37 82
Only now and then 101 13 13 95
Hardly at all 37 5 5 100

A2: vote or not

Did you vote in the elections for state and national offices on November 8?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 651 84 84 84
No 121 16 16 100

A3: Congress control importance

Did you vote in the elections for state and national offices on November 8?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 651 84 84 84
No 121 16 16 100

B1: Biden approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 107 14 14 14
Somewhat approve 259 34 34 47
Somewhat disapprove 130 17 17 64
Strongly disapprove 274 36 36 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B1: Biden approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 366 47 47 47
Disapprove 405 52 52 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B2: Supreme Court approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 73 9 9 9
Somewhat approve 268 35 35 44
Somewhat disapprove 238 31 31 75
Strongly disapprove 193 25 25 100

B2: Supreme Court approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 341 44 44 44
Disapprove 431 56 56 100

B3: Congress approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 21 3 3 3
Somewhat approve 231 30 30 33
Somewhat disapprove 320 41 41 74
Strongly disapprove 199 26 26 100

B3: Congress approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 253 33 33 33
Disapprove 519 67 67 100

B4: Fav/Unfav: Biden

[Joe Biden] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 351 46 46 46
Unfavorable opinion 399 52 52 97
Haven't heard enough 22 3 3 100

B5: Fav/Unfav: Trump

[Donald Trump] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 242 31 31 31
Unfavorable opinion 519 67 67 99
Haven't heard enough 11 1 1 100

B6: Fav/Unfav: Pence

[Mike Pence] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 260 34 34 34
Unfavorable opinion 431 56 56 90
Haven't heard enough 80 10 10 100

B7: Fav/Unfav: DeSantis

[Ron DeSantis] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 260 34 34 34
Unfavorable opinion 305 39 39 73
Haven't heard enough 207 27 27 100

B8: Fav/Unfav: Cruz

[Ted Cruz] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 209 27 27 27
Unfavorable opinion 453 59 59 86
Haven't heard enough 109 14 14 100

B9: Fav/Unfav: Bush

[George W. Bush] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 408 53 53 53
Unfavorable opinion 310 40 40 93
Haven't heard enough 54 7 7 100

B10: Fav/Unfav: Harris

[Kamala Harris] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 278 36 36 36
Unfavorable opinion 398 52 52 88
Haven't heard enough 96 12 12 100

B11: Fav/Unfav: Newsom

[Gavin Newsom] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 172 22 22 22
Unfavorable opinion 252 33 33 55
Haven't heard enough 348 45 45 100

B12: Fav/Unfav: Buttigieg

[Pete Buttigieg] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 239 31 31 31
Unfavorable opinion 229 30 30 61
Haven't heard enough 303 39 39 100

B13: Fav/Unfav: Obama

[Barack Obama] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 474 61 61 61
Unfavorable opinion 275 36 36 97
Haven't heard enough 22 3 3 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C1: Confidence in SCOTUS

[The US Supreme Court] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 67 9 9 9
Quite a lot 174 23 23 31
Some 284 37 37 68
Very little 171 22 22 90
None at all 76 10 10 100

C2: Confidence in Congress

[Congress] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 24 3 3 3
Quite a lot 106 14 14 17
Some 330 43 43 60
Very little 236 31 31 90
None at all 76 10 10 100

C3: Confidence in the Presidency

[The Presidency] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 94 12 12 12
Quite a lot 151 20 20 32
Some 264 34 34 66
Very little 155 20 20 86
None at all 107 14 14 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C4: Confidence in State Supreme Court

[Your state Supreme Court or highest court in your state] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 65 8 8 8
Quite a lot 227 29 29 38
Some 315 41 41 79
Very little 118 15 15 94
None at all 46 6 6 100

C5: Confidence in state legislature

[Your state legislature] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 33 4 4 4
Quite a lot 203 26 26 31
Some 323 42 42 73
Very little 163 21 21 94
None at all 49 6 6 100

C6: Confidence in the Police

[The police] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 150 19 19 19
Quite a lot 264 34 34 54
Some 223 29 29 83
Very little 98 13 13 95
None at all 36 5 5 100

C7: Confidence in the FBI

[The FBI] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 111 14 14 14
Quite a lot 217 28 28 42
Some 239 31 31 73
Very little 130 17 17 90
None at all 76 10 10 100

C8: Justice nomination majority

What is your guess as to whether a majority of the current US Supreme Court Justices were appointed by Democratic or Republican presidents?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely a majority appointed by Democratic presidents 24 3 3 3
Probably a majority appointed by Democratic presidents 130 17 17 20
Probably a majority appointed by Republican presidents 296 38 38 58
Definitely a majority appointed by Republican presidents 319 41 41 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

C9: Heard about Russian/Ukraine

[The Russian invasion of Ukraine] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 574 74 74 74
A little 151 20 20 94
Nothing at all 47 6 6 100

C10: Heard about Jan. 6th hearings

[The hearings of the House Select Committee on January 6th] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 380 49 49 49
A little 277 36 36 85
Nothing at all 114 15 15 100

C11: Heard about 2nd Amendment case

[A Supreme Court decision on the right to possess a gun outside the home] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 195 25 25 25
A little 362 47 47 72
Nothing at all 214 28 28 100

C12: Heard about affirmative action case

[A Supreme Court case concerning the use of race in college admissions] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 183 24 24 24
A little 351 45 45 69
Nothing at all 238 31 31 100

C13: Heard about Dobbs

[A Supreme Court decision on abortion] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 636 82 82 82
A little 115 15 15 97
Nothing at all 20 3 3 100

C14: Congress - 15 week abortion ban

[Pass a national law banning abortion after 15 weeks of pregnancy] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 286 37 37 37
Oppose 484 63 63 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

C15: Congress - transgender sports ban

[Ban transgender athletes from sports competition] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 406 53 53 53
Oppose 363 47 47 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

C16: Congress - changes to Medicare/Social Security

[Require Congress to reauthorize Social Security and Medicare every five years, rather than let the programs continue automatically] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 217 28 28 28
Oppose 553 72 72 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

C17: Congress - limit prescription RX cost

[Limit the cost of prescription drugs] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 718 93 93 93
Oppose 54 7 7 100

C18: Congress - fund 200k more cops

[Fund hiring of 200,000 more police officers nationwide] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 544 70 70 70
Oppose 227 29 29 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C19: Congress - increase oil & gas

[Increase production of oil and gas in the US] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 570 74 74 74
Oppose 202 26 26 100

C20: Congress - increase renewable energy

[Increase funding for renewable energy production, such as wind and solar] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 546 71 71 71
Oppose 226 29 29 100

C21: Congress - increase border stops

[Increase efforts to stop illegal immigration along the southern border] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 560 73 73 73
Oppose 209 27 27 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

C22: Congress - protect voting rights

[Pass a new voting rights law to protect every citizen’s right to vote] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 630 82 82 82
Oppose 138 18 18 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

C23: Congress - reduce Ukraine aid

[Sharply reduce US military aid to Ukraine] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 333 43 43 43
Oppose 438 57 57 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C24: Congress - increase teacher salaries

[Increase federal aid to states and school districts to increase teacher compensation] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 582 75 75 75
Oppose 189 25 25 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

C25: Congress - support unions

[Pass laws making it easier for workers to form unions] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 521 67 67 67
Oppose 249 32 32 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

C26: Congress - increase taxes on wealthy

[Increase taxes on incomes over $500,000] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 566 73 73 73
Oppose 206 27 27 100

C27: Congress - increase low-income tax credits

[Increase tax credits for low-income workers] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 576 75 75 75
Oppose 195 25 25 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C28: Congress - fund 2-year tuition

[Provide a tax credit to pay for tuition at 2-year colleges and technical schools] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 583 76 76 76
Oppose 188 24 24 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C29: Congress - fund k-12 vouchers

[Provide national funding for vouchers allowing k-12 students to attend private or religious schools] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 413 54 54 54
Oppose 358 46 46 100

C30: Congress - impeach Biden

[Impeach Joe Biden] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 244 32 32 32
Oppose 526 68 68 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C31: Congress - investigate FBI

[Conduct a congressional investigation of the FBI] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 440 57 57 57
Oppose 332 43 43 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

C32: Congress - block Biden nominated judges

[Block confirmation of any federal judges nominated by Joe Biden] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 246 32 32 32
Oppose 525 68 68 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

C33: Congress - subsidize childcare costs

[Create federal subsidies for childcare costs] Here are things some people wish Congress would do next year. Regardless of whether you think Congress will actually do these things, which would favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 534 69 69 69
Oppose 236 31 31 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

D1: SCOTUS ideology

[The US Supreme Court] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 213 28 28 28
Somewhat conservative 294 38 38 66
Moderate 216 28 28 94
Somewhat liberal 41 5 5 99
Very liberal 8 1 1 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

D2: Biden ideology

[Joe Biden] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 16 2 2 2
Somewhat conservative 55 7 7 9
Moderate 195 25 25 34
Somewhat liberal 241 31 31 66
Very liberal 264 34 34 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

D3: Trump ideology

[Donald Trump] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 391 51 51 51
Somewhat conservative 223 29 29 79
Moderate 81 11 11 90
Somewhat liberal 25 3 3 93
Very liberal 51 7 7 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

D4: Democratic party ideology

[The Democratic party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 15 2 2 2
Somewhat conservative 47 6 6 8
Moderate 163 21 21 29
Somewhat liberal 236 31 31 60
Very liberal 310 40 40 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

D5: Republican party ideology

[The Republican party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 376 49 49 49
Somewhat conservative 248 32 32 81
Moderate 96 12 12 93
Somewhat liberal 28 4 4 97
Very liberal 22 3 3 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

D6: Should Court consider opinion

Should justices of the Supreme Court consider public opinion about a case when making decisions or should they ignore public opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Should consider public opinion 429 56 56 56
Should ignore public opinion 340 44 44 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

D7: Increase # of justices

[Increase the number of justices on the US Supreme Court] How much do you favor or oppose the following proposals affecting the Supreme Court?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 100 13 13 13
Somewhat favor 260 34 34 47
Somewhat oppose 175 23 23 69
Strongly oppose 236 31 31 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

H1: Affirmative action

[Rule that colleges cannot use race as one of several factors in deciding which applicants to admit.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 117 15 15 15
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 172 22 22 38
Favor 342 44 44 82
Oppose 139 18 18 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

H1: (those with opinions only)

[THOSE WITH OPINIONS ONLY] [Rule that colleges cannot use race as one of several factors in deciding which applicants to admit.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 342 44 71 71
Oppose 139 18 29 100
(Missing) 291 38 NA NA

H2: LGBTQ discrimination

[Decide that a business owner’s religious beliefs or free speech rights can justify refusing some services to gay people.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 144 19 19 19
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 102 13 13 32
Heard of and favor the decision 208 27 27 59
Heard of and oppose the decision 317 41 41 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

H2: (those with opinions only)

[THOSE WITH OPINIONS ONLY] [Decide that a business owner’s religious beliefs or free speech rights can justify refusing some services to gay people.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard of and favor the decision 208 27 40 40
Heard of and oppose the decision 317 41 60 100
(Missing) 247 32 NA NA

H3: Independent legislature theory

[Rule that under the Constitution, the state legislatures have the power to regulate federal elections and are not subject to review by state courts.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 318 41 41 41
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 209 27 27 68
Heard of and favor the decision 56 7 7 76
Heard of and oppose the decision 187 24 24 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

H3: (those with opinions only)

[THOSE WITH OPINIONS ONLY] [Rule that under the Constitution, the state legislatures have the power to regulate federal elections and are not subject to review by state courts.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard of and favor the decision 56 7 23 23
Heard of and oppose the decision 187 24 77 100
(Missing) 529 69 NA NA

J1: Overturn Roe

[In 2022 the Supreme Court overturned Roe versus Wade, thus striking down the 1973 decision that made abortion legal in all 50 states.] How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 163 21 21 21
Somewhat favor 87 11 11 32
Somewhat oppose 104 14 14 46
Strongly oppose 415 54 54 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

J2: Expand 2nd Amendment

[In 2022 the Supreme Court ruled that the 2nd Amendment right to “keep and bear arms” protects the right to carry a gun outside the home.] How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 297 38 38 38
Somewhat favor 200 26 26 64
Somewhat oppose 143 18 18 83
Strongly oppose 131 17 17 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

J3: Allow gerrymandering

[In 2019 the Supreme Court ruled that federal courts had no role to play in adjudicating challenges to partisan gerrymandering, leaving this to state courts.] How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 78 10 10 10
Somewhat favor 329 43 43 53
Somewhat oppose 247 32 32 85
Strongly oppose 114 15 15 99
Skipped/Ref 4 1 1 100

J4: Protect same-sex marriage

In 2015 the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 401 52 52 52
Somewhat favor 151 20 20 71
Somewhat oppose 80 10 10 82
Strongly oppose 139 18 18 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

J5: LGBT workplace protections

In 2020 the Supreme Court ruled that a federal civil rights law protects gay and transgender workers from workplace discrimination. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 474 61 61 61
Somewhat favor 181 23 23 85
Somewhat oppose 76 10 10 95
Strongly oppose 40 5 5 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

K1: Abortion legality

Do you think abortion should be legal in all cases, legal in most cases, illegal in most cases, or illegal in all cases?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Legal in all cases 238 31 31 31
Legal in most cases 284 37 37 68
Illegal in most cases 186 24 24 92
Illegal in all cases 63 8 8 100

K2: Dobbs author

Which justice wrote the Supreme Court’s opinion in the Dobbs case, this past June, overturning the 1973 ruling in Roe v. Wade that had made abortion legal in all 50 states?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Samuel Alito 218 28 28 28
Amy Coney Barrett 64 8 8 36
Stephen Breyer 39 5 5 42
Neil Gorsuch 42 5 5 47
Elena Kagan 14 2 2 49
Brett Kavanaugh 87 11 11 60
John Roberts 84 11 11 71
Sonia Sotomayor 31 4 4 75
Clarence Thomas 191 25 25 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

P1: Ukraine support

When it comes to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, do you think the United States is providing too much support to Ukraine, not enough support to Ukraine, or about the right amount of support to Ukraine?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Too much support 238 31 31 31
Not enough support 186 24 24 55
About the right amount of support 347 45 45 100

P2: Importance of Russia-Ukraine ward

How much do you think what happens in the Russia-Ukraine conflict matters to life in the United States?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 311 40 40 40
Some 337 44 44 84
Not much 90 12 12 96
Not at all 32 4 4 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

P3: US involvement in world affairs

Do you think it will be better for the future of the country if we take an active part in world affairs, or if we stay out of world affairs?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Take an active part in world affairs 493 64 64 64
Stay out of world affairs 276 36 36 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

P4: Is college worth it?

Today, would you say that a college education is a smart investment in the future or is it more of a gamble that may not pay off in the end?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Smart investment 344 45 45 45
More of a gamble 428 55 55 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

P5: Value of expertise

In general, would you say experts who study a subject for many years are…
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Usually BETTER at making good policy decisions about that subject than other people 471 61 61 61
Usually WORSE at making good policy decisions about that subject than other people 30 4 4 65
NEITHER BETTER NOR WORSE at making good policy decisions about that subject than other people 270 35 35 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P6: Confidence in 2022 election

How confident are you that, across the country, the votes for state and national offices were accurately cast and counted in the elections this November, 2022?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very confident 324 42 42 42
Somewhat confident 244 32 32 74
Not too confident 139 18 18 92
Not at all confident 63 8 8 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P7: Confidence in 2020 election

How confident are you that, across the country, the votes for president were accurately cast and counted in [the 2020] election? Very confident, somewhat confident, not too confident, or not at all confident.
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very confident 345 45 45 45
Somewhat confident 177 23 23 68
Not too confident 118 15 15 83
Not at all confident 130 17 17 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

P8: Donald Trump 2024

Would you like to see Donald Trump run for president in 2024, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 227 29 29 29
No 544 71 71 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

P9: Trump vs DeSantis

If it were a choice between just the two of them, who would you prefer as the Republican nominee for president in 2024: [Donald Trump] or [Florida Governor Ron DeSantis]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 246 32 32 32
Ron DeSantis 518 67 67 99
Skipped/Ref 8 1 1 100

P10: Joe Biden 2024

Would you like to see Joe Biden run for president in 2024, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 281 36 36 36
No 491 64 64 100

P11: Trump vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [Former President Donald Trump, the Republican] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat] would you vote for [Donald Trump] or for [Joe Biden]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 259 34 34 34
Joe Biden 337 44 44 77
Someone else 147 19 19 96
Wouldn't vote 29 4 4 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

P12: DeSantis vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [Florida Governor Ron DeSantis, the Republican] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat] would you vote for [Ron DeSantis] or for [Joe Biden]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Ron DeSantis 326 42 42 42
Joe Biden 324 42 42 84
Someone else 86 11 11 95
Wouldn't vote 33 4 4 100
Web blank 3 0 0 100

P13: Trump classified documents

Do you believe Donald Trump had top secret and other classified material or national security documents at his home in Mar-a-Lago this summer?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 516 67 67 67
No 254 33 33 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P14: Fav/Unfav - Black Lives Matter Movement

Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the Black Lives Matter movement or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 330 43 43 43
Unfavorable opinion 345 45 45 87
Haven't heard enough 97 13 13 100

P15: Racism in America today

How much of a problem do you think racism is in the country today?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A very big problem 279 36 36 36
A moderately big problem 277 36 36 72
A small problem 178 23 23 95
Not a problem at all 38 5 5 100

X1: Trust in government

How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right?...Just about always, most of the time, only some of the time, never?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Just about always 9 1 1 1
Most of the time 180 23 23 25
Only some of the time 492 64 64 88
Never 89 12 12 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

X2: Trust in others

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or most people can't be trusted?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Most people can be trusted 466 60 60 60
Most people can't be trusted 305 39 39 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

INT1: internet use

Do you use the internet or email, at least occasionally?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 772 100 100 100

Z1: Party ID

Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, or an Independent?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 238 31 31 31
Democrat 262 34 34 65
Independent 195 25 25 90
Other/No preference 77 10 10 100

Z2A: Party ID strenth

Would you call yourself a strong [Republican/Democrat] or a not very strong [Republican/Democrat]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strong 317 41 63 63
Not very strong 183 24 37 100
(Missing) 272 35 NA NA

Z2B: Party ID lean

Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 80 10 29 29
Democratic 112 15 41 71
Neither 79 10 29 100
(Missing) 500 65 NA NA

Z3: religious service attendance

Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
More than once a week 66 9 9 9
Once a week 112 14 14 23
Once or twice a month 58 7 7 30
A few times a year 125 16 16 47
Seldom 193 25 25 72
Never 218 28 28 100

Z4: born-again or evangelical

Would you describe yourself as a "born-again" or evangelical Christian, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes, would 215 28 28 28
No, would not 557 72 72 100

Z5: political ideology

Generally speaking, how would you describe your political views?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 100 13 13 13
Somewhat conservative 192 25 25 38
Moderate 270 35 35 73
Somewhat liberal 127 16 16 89
Very liberal 82 11 11 100

Z6: talk to neighbors

During the last 12 months, how often did you talk with any of your neighbors?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Basically, every day 58 8 8 8
A few times a week 230 30 30 37
A few times a month 219 28 28 66
Once a month 84 11 11 77
Less than once a month 123 16 16 93
Not at all 57 7 7 100

Z7: volunteering

We are interested in volunteer activities for which people are not paid, except perhaps expenses.  In the last 12 months, have you done any volunteer activities through or for an organization?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 222 29 29 29
No 549 71 71 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

party ID, 5-cat

Party ID with leaners separate
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 238 31 31 31
Lean Republican 80 10 10 41
Independent 79 10 10 52
Lean Democrat 112 15 15 66
Democrat 262 34 34 100

party ID, leaners as partisans

Party ID with leaners included
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 318 41 41 41
Independent 79 10 10 52
Democrat 374 48 48 100

gender

sex
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Male 372 48 48 48
Female 385 50 50 98
Another gender 7 1 1 99
Skipped/Ref 7 1 1 100

age

age, 4 categories
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
18-29 131 17 17 17
30-44 158 20 20 37
45-59 197 26 26 63
60+ 286 37 37 100

education

education - 5 categories
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Less than HS 52 7 7 7
HS graduate 212 28 28 34
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 221 29 29 63
Bachelor's degree 126 16 16 79
Post grad study/professional degree 158 20 21 100
(Missing) 2 0 NA NA

income

income recode
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Less than $30k 164 21 21 21
$30k to less than $50k 148 19 19 40
$50k to less than $75k 154 20 20 60
$75k to less than $100k 121 16 16 76
$100k or more 184 24 24 100
DK/NA/Ref 2 0 0 100

marital status

marital status
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Married 375 49 49 49
Widowed 31 4 4 53
Divorced 95 12 12 65
Separated 24 3 3 68
Single, never married 180 23 23 91
Single, cohabitating 66 9 9 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

race/ethnicity

race and hispanic origin
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
White 501 65 65 65
Black 95 12 12 77
Hispanic 101 13 13 90
Other/Multiple 59 8 8 98
Skipped/Ref 16 2 2 100

religious affiliation

religious identification
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Born-again Protestant 162 21 21 21
Mainline Protestant 113 15 15 36
Roman Catholic 146 19 19 55
No religion 232 30 30 85
Other religion 119 15 15 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100