Marquette Law School Supreme Court Poll May 8-18, 2023

(Percentages are rounded to whole numbers for reporting of results. Frequencies have been rounded to whole numbers but percentages are calculated based on non-integer weighted sample sizes.)

Results for survey items among all respondents are presented here (unless otherwise indicated). Please note that some questions are only asked of particular groups of respondents. In these instances, the row “NA’s” includes the number and percent of total respondents omitted from the question. These omitted cases are ignored when calculating the “Valid” and “Cumulative” percent columns.

A1: interest in politics

Some people seem to follow what's going on in politics most of the time, whether there's an election going on or not. Others aren't that interested. How often do you follow what's going on in politics…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Most of the time 364 36 36 36
Some of the time 358 35 35 71
Only now and then 187 19 19 90
Hardly at all 99 10 10 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

B1: Biden approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 93 9 9 9
Somewhat approve 304 30 30 39
Somewhat disapprove 206 20 20 60
Strongly disapprove 405 40 40 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B1: Biden approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 397 39 39 39
Disapprove 611 61 61 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B2: Supreme Court approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 68 7 7 7
Somewhat approve 343 34 34 41
Somewhat disapprove 355 35 35 76
Strongly disapprove 243 24 24 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B2: Supreme Court approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 412 41 41 41
Disapprove 597 59 59 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B3: Congress approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 18 2 2 2
Somewhat approve 252 25 25 27
Somewhat disapprove 468 46 46 73
Strongly disapprove 270 27 27 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B3: Congress approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 271 27 27 27
Disapprove 738 73 73 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B4: Republican majority approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the Republican majority in the House of Representatives is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 69 7 7 7
Somewhat approve 313 31 31 38
Somewhat disapprove 301 30 30 68
Strongly disapprove 326 32 32 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B4: Republican majority approval, 2-pt

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the Republican majority in the House of Representatives is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 382 38 38 38
Disapprove 626 62 62 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B5: Democratic majority approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the Democratic majority in the U.S. Senate is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 71 7 7 7
Somewhat approve 318 31 31 38
Somewhat disapprove 314 31 31 70
Strongly disapprove 306 30 30 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B5: Democratic majority approval, 2-pt

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the Democratic majority in the U.S. Senate is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 389 38 38 38
Disapprove 620 61 61 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B6: Fav/Unfav: Biden

[Joe Biden] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 365 36 36 36
Unfavorable opinion 589 58 58 94
Haven't heard enough 55 5 5 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B7: Fav/Unfav: Harris

[Kamala Harris] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 310 31 31 31
Unfavorable opinion 565 56 56 87
Haven't heard enough 135 13 13 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B8: Fav/Unfav: Kennedy

[Robert F. Kennedy, Jr] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 315 31 31 31
Unfavorable opinion 253 25 25 56
Haven't heard enough 440 44 44 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B9: Fav/Unfav: Williamson

[Marianne Williamson] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 59 6 6 6
Unfavorable opinion 166 16 16 22
Haven't heard enough 783 78 78 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

B10: Fav/Unfav: Christie

[Chris Christie] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 132 13 13 13
Unfavorable opinion 442 44 44 57
Haven't heard enough 435 43 43 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B11: Fav/Unfav: DeSantis

[Ron DeSantis] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 263 26 26 26
Unfavorable opinion 449 44 44 71
Haven't heard enough 297 29 29 100
Web blank 1 0 0 100

B12: Fav/Unfav: Elder

[Larry Elder] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 116 12 12 12
Unfavorable opinion 152 15 15 27
Haven't heard enough 741 73 73 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B13: Fav/Unfav: Haley

[Nikki Haley] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 180 18 18 18
Unfavorable opinion 289 29 29 46
Haven't heard enough 540 53 53 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

B14: Fav/Unfav: Hutchinson

[Asa Hutchinson] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 64 6 6 6
Unfavorable opinion 162 16 16 22
Haven't heard enough 782 77 77 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B15: Fav/Unfav: Pence

[Mike Pence] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 270 27 27 27
Unfavorable opinion 562 56 56 82
Haven't heard enough 177 18 18 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B16: Fav/Unfav: Ramaswamy

[Vivek Ramaswamy] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 100 10 10 10
Unfavorable opinion 137 14 14 23
Haven't heard enough 771 76 76 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

B17: Fav/Unfav: Scott

[Tim Scott] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 128 13 13 13
Unfavorable opinion 204 20 20 33
Haven't heard enough 678 67 67 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

B18: Fav/Unfav: Sununu

[Chris Sununu] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 78 8 8 8
Unfavorable opinion 150 15 15 23
Haven't heard enough 780 77 77 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

B19: Fav/Unfav: Trump

[Donald Trump] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 370 37 37 37
Unfavorable opinion 608 60 60 97
Haven't heard enough 32 3 3 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C1: Confidence in SCOTUS

[The US Supreme Court] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 76 8 8 8
Quite a lot 171 17 17 25
Some 365 36 36 61
Very little 265 26 26 87
None at all 132 13 13 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C2: Confidence in Congress

[Congress] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 26 3 3 3
Quite a lot 82 8 8 11
Some 410 41 41 51
Very little 361 36 36 87
None at all 131 13 13 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C3: Confidence in Presidency

[The Presidency] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 79 8 8 8
Quite a lot 173 17 17 25
Some 303 30 30 55
Very little 266 26 26 81
None at all 189 19 19 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C4: Confidence in national news

[The national news media] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 42 4 4 4
Quite a lot 120 12 12 16
Some 277 27 27 43
Very little 284 28 28 72
None at all 287 28 28 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C5: Confidence in local news

[Your local news media] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 56 6 6 6
Quite a lot 141 14 14 20
Some 406 40 40 60
Very little 260 26 26 85
None at all 146 14 14 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C6: Justice nomination majority

What is your guess as to whether a majority of the current US Supreme Court Justices were appointed by Democratic or Republican presidents?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely a majority appointed by Democratic presidents 47 5 5 5
Probably a majority appointed by Democratic presidents 250 25 25 29
Probably a majority appointed by Republican presidents 413 41 41 70
Definitely a majority appointed by Republican presidents 299 30 30 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C7: Fav/Unfav: Alito

[Samuel Alito] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Never heard of 390 39 39 39
Heard but not enough 275 27 27 66
Favorable opinion 159 16 16 82
Unfavorable opinion 185 18 18 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C8: Fav/Unfav: Coney Barrett

[Amy Coney Barrett] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Never heard of 318 31 31 31
Heard but not enough 235 23 23 55
Favorable opinion 189 19 19 73
Unfavorable opinion 268 27 27 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C9: Fav/Unfav: Gorsuch

[Neil Gorsuch] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Never heard of 385 38 38 38
Heard but not enough 276 27 27 65
Favorable opinion 188 19 19 84
Unfavorable opinion 160 16 16 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C10: Fav/Unfav: Brown Jackson

[Ketanji Brown Jackson] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Never heard of 360 36 36 36
Heard but not enough 287 28 28 64
Favorable opinion 223 22 22 86
Unfavorable opinion 139 14 14 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C11: Fav/Unfav: Kagan

[Elena Kagan] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Never heard of 440 44 44 44
Heard but not enough 285 28 28 72
Favorable opinion 178 18 18 89
Unfavorable opinion 107 11 11 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C12: Fav/Unfav: Kavanaugh

[Brett Kavanaugh] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Never heard of 239 24 24 24
Heard but not enough 227 22 22 46
Favorable opinion 221 22 22 68
Unfavorable opinion 322 32 32 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C13: Fav/Unfav: Roberts

[John Roberts] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Never heard of 337 33 33 33
Heard but not enough 270 27 27 60
Favorable opinion 220 22 22 82
Unfavorable opinion 183 18 18 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C14: Fav/Unfav: Sotomayor

[Sonia Sotomayor] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Never heard of 302 30 30 30
Heard but not enough 264 26 26 56
Favorable opinion 292 29 29 85
Unfavorable opinion 150 15 15 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C15: Fav/Unfav: Thomas

[Clarence Thomas] For each of these names have you never heard of them, heard of them but don’t know enough to have an opinion of them, have a favorable opinion or have an unfavorable opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Never heard of 217 21 21 21
Heard but not enough 184 18 18 40
Favorable opinion 249 25 25 64
Unfavorable opinion 359 36 36 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C16: Heard about Trump indictment

[Donald Trump being indicted in New York State court] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 662 66 66 66
A little 295 29 29 95
Nothing at all 53 5 5 100

C17: Heard about affirmative action case

[A Supreme Court case concerning the use of race in college admissions] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 159 16 16 16
A little 448 44 44 60
Nothing at all 402 40 40 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C18: Heard about abortion medication case

[A Supreme Court case concerning the drug used in medication-induced abortions, mifepristone] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 360 36 36 36
A little 360 36 36 71
Nothing at all 290 29 29 100

C19: Heard about Thomas finance disclosures

[News stories about Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas’ financial disclosure reports] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 336 33 33 33
A little 322 32 32 65
Nothing at all 352 35 35 100

C20: Heard about Florida 6-week abortion ban

[Florida Governor Ron DeSantis signing into law a bill banning abortions in Florida after 6 weeks of pregnancy instead of the previous 15 weeks] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 429 42 42 42
A little 406 40 40 83
Nothing at all 175 17 17 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

C21: Heard about recent shootings

[Shootings involving people who knocked on the wrong door or drove into the wrong driveway] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 454 45 45 45
A little 374 37 37 82
Nothing at all 182 18 18 100

C22: Heard about Trump civil trial

[The trial in New York of a civil lawsuit against Trump accusing him of battery in a mid-1990s alleged sexual assault and of subsequent defamation] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 516 51 51 51
A little 377 37 37 88
Nothing at all 117 12 12 100

D1: SCOTUS ideology

[The US Supreme Court] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 241 24 24 24
Somewhat conservative 334 33 33 57
Moderate 303 30 30 87
Somewhat liberal 99 10 10 97
Very liberal 32 3 3 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

D2: Biden ideology

[Joe Biden] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 54 5 5 5
Somewhat conservative 83 8 8 14
Moderate 257 25 25 39
Somewhat liberal 218 22 22 61
Very liberal 396 39 39 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

D3: Trump ideology

[Donald Trump] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 489 48 48 48
Somewhat conservative 274 27 27 76
Moderate 117 12 12 87
Somewhat liberal 44 4 4 91
Very liberal 85 8 8 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

D4: DeSantis ideology

[Ron DeSantis] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 495 49 49 49
Somewhat conservative 160 16 16 65
Moderate 268 27 27 91
Somewhat liberal 40 4 4 95
Very liberal 46 5 5 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

H1: Affirmative action

[Rule that colleges cannot use race as one of several factors in deciding which applicants to admit.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 270 27 27 27
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 281 28 28 55
Favor 340 34 34 88
Oppose 118 12 12 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

H1: (those with opinions only)

[THOSE WITH OPINIONS ONLY] [Rule that colleges cannot use race as one of several factors in deciding which applicants to admit.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 340 34 74 74
Oppose 118 12 26 100
(Missing) 551 55 NA NA

H2: LGBTQ discrimination

[Decide that a business owner’s religious beliefs or free speech rights can justify refusing some services to gay people.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard nothing at all 250 25 25 25
Heard of but not enough for an opinion 214 21 21 46
Heard of and favor the decision 233 23 23 69
Heard of and oppose the decision 313 31 31 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

H2: (those with opinions only)

[THOSE WITH OPINIONS ONLY] [Decide that a business owner’s religious beliefs or free speech rights can justify refusing some services to gay people.] Do you favor or oppose the following possible future Supreme Court decisions, or haven’t you heard enough about this to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Heard of and favor the decision 233 23 43 43
Heard of and oppose the decision 313 31 57 100
(Missing) 464 46 NA NA

J1: Overturned Roe

[In 2022 the Supreme Court overturned Roe versus Wade, thus striking down the 1973 decision that made abortion legal in all 50 states.] How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 191 19 19 19
Somewhat favor 157 16 16 35
Somewhat oppose 158 16 16 50
Strongly oppose 502 50 50 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

J2: Same-sex marriage right

In 2015 the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 427 42 42 42
Somewhat favor 248 25 25 67
Somewhat oppose 148 15 15 82
Strongly oppose 186 18 18 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

J3: Honesty of SCOTUS justices

[U.S. Supreme Court Justices] Please tell me how you would rate the honesty and ethical standards of people in these different fields--very high, high, average, low, or very low?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very high 80 8 8 8
High 178 18 18 26
Average 399 39 39 65
Low 214 21 21 86
Very low 138 14 14 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

J4: Honesty of state judges

[Judges in your state] Please tell me how you would rate the honesty and ethical standards of people in these different fields--very high, high, average, low, or very low?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very high 48 5 5 5
High 194 19 19 24
Average 514 51 51 75
Low 155 15 15 90
Very low 97 10 10 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

J5: Honesty of journalists

[Journalists] Please tell me how you would rate the honesty and ethical standards of people in these different fields--very high, high, average, low, or very low?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very high 43 4 4 4
High 149 15 15 19
Average 358 35 35 54
Low 253 25 25 80
Very low 206 20 20 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

J6: Honesty of lawyers

[Lawyers] Please tell me how you would rate the honesty and ethical standards of people in these different fields--very high, high, average, low, or very low?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very high 26 3 3 3
High 112 11 11 14
Average 438 43 43 57
Low 283 28 28 85
Very low 149 15 15 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

J7: Honesty of cable TV news

[Cable TV news] Please tell me how you would rate the honesty and ethical standards of people in these different fields--very high, high, average, low, or very low?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very high 22 2 2 2
High 60 6 6 8
Average 352 35 35 43
Low 297 29 29 72
Very low 278 27 27 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

K1: Abortion legality

Do you think abortion should be legal in all cases, legal in most cases, illegal in most cases, or illegal in all cases?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Legal in all cases 328 32 32 32
Legal in most cases 368 36 36 69
Illegal in most cases 248 25 25 93
Illegal in all cases 66 7 7 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

K2: Abortion when rape/incest

Do you think your state should or should not allow a woman to obtain a legal abortion if she became pregnant as the result of rape or incest?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Should allow 897 89 89 89
Should not allow 113 11 11 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

K3: Abortion travel

Should a state be able to make it illegal for a woman to have an abortion by travelling to a different state where abortion is legal?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 199 20 20 20
No 808 80 80 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

K4: Abortion RX

Should a state be able to make it illegal for a woman to get and fill a prescription from out-of-state providers for medication that will induce an abortion, sometimes called “medication abortion” or “abortion pills”?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 253 25 25 25
No 757 75 75 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

K5: Ban all abortions

[Ban abortions at any time during pregnancy] Here are some limits on when during pregnancy an abortion might be banned, except in cases of medical emergencies, that some states are considering. How much do you favor or oppose each of these proposals?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 127 13 13 13
Somewhat favor 125 12 12 25
Somewhat oppose 229 23 23 48
Strongly oppose 528 52 52 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

K6: 6-week abortion ban

[Ban abortions after six weeks of pregnancy] Here are some limits on when during pregnancy an abortion might be banned, except in cases of medical emergencies, that some states are considering. How much do you favor or oppose each of these proposals?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 181 18 18 18
Somewhat favor 174 17 17 35
Somewhat oppose 192 19 19 54
Strongly oppose 462 46 46 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

K7: 15-week abortion ban

[Ban abortions after 15 weeks of pregnancy] Here are some limits on when during pregnancy an abortion might be banned, except in cases of medical emergencies, that some states are considering. How much do you favor or oppose each of these proposals?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 274 27 27 27
Somewhat favor 198 20 20 47
Somewhat oppose 165 16 16 63
Strongly oppose 372 37 37 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

K8: 6-month abortion ban

[Ban abortions after 6 months of pregnancy] Here are some limits on when during pregnancy an abortion might be banned, except in cases of medical emergencies, that some states are considering. How much do you favor or oppose each of these proposals?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 414 41 41 41
Somewhat favor 153 15 15 56
Somewhat oppose 143 14 14 70
Strongly oppose 299 30 30 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

K9: no abortion restrictions

[Place no restrictions on when a woman can obtain an abortion] Here are some limits on when during pregnancy an abortion might be banned, except in cases of medical emergencies, that some states are considering. How much do you favor or oppose each of these proposals?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 230 23 23 23
Somewhat favor 164 16 16 39
Somewhat oppose 188 19 19 58
Strongly oppose 428 42 42 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P1: Biden 2024

Would you like to see Joe Biden run for president in 2024, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 240 24 24 24
No 769 76 76 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P2: Trump 2024

Would you like to see Donald Trump run for president in 2024, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 366 36 36 36
No 642 64 64 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

P3: Quality of public schools

[Public schools] How would you rate the quality of education provided by the following types of K-12 schools in your community?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Excellent 98 10 10 10
Good 357 35 35 45
Fair 323 32 32 77
Poor 231 23 23 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P4: Quality of Catholic schools

[Catholic schools] How would you rate the quality of education provided by the following types of K-12 schools in your community?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Excellent 113 11 11 11
Good 480 48 48 59
Fair 297 29 29 88
Poor 116 11 11 100
Skipped/Ref 5 0 0 100

P5: Quality of non-Catholic religious schools

[Non-Catholic religious schools] How would you rate the quality of education provided by the following types of K-12 schools in your community?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Excellent 77 8 8 8
Good 476 47 47 55
Fair 344 34 34 89
Poor 110 11 11 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

P6: Quality of private non-religious schools

[Private, non-religious schools] How would you rate the quality of education provided by the following types of K-12 schools in your community?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Excellent 148 15 15 15
Good 548 54 54 69
Fair 248 25 25 93
Poor 62 6 6 100
Web blank 4 0 0 100

P7: Quality of homeschooling

[Home schooling] How would you rate the quality of education provided by the following types of K-12 schools in your community?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Excellent 140 14 14 14
Good 371 37 37 51
Fair 332 33 33 83
Poor 164 16 16 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

P8: Licensed concealed carry

Do you favor or oppose laws that allow most people to obtain a license to carry concealed handguns?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 352 35 35 35
Somewhat favor 253 25 25 60
Somewhat oppose 171 17 17 77
Strongly oppose 232 23 23 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P9: Unlicensed concealed carry

Do you favor or oppose laws that allow most people to carry concealed handgunswithout needing to obtain a license?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 135 13 13 13
Somewhat favor 107 11 11 24
Somewhat oppose 144 14 14 38
Strongly oppose 622 62 62 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

P10: State concealed carry law

Does your state law allow most people to carry concealed handgunswithout needing to obtain a license?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
State does allow concealed handguns without a license 232 23 23 23
State does NOT allow concealed handguns without a license 493 49 49 72
Don't know 285 28 28 100

P11: Allow gun confiscation

Would you favor or oppose a law allowing the police to take guns away from people who have been found by a judge to be a danger to themselves or others?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 619 61 61 61
Somewhat favor 243 24 24 85
Somewhat oppose 85 8 8 94
Strongly oppose 62 6 6 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

P12: Student loan cancellation

Do you favor or oppose the decision to forgive and cancel up to $20,000 of federal student loan debt?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 438 43 43 43
Somewhat favor 200 20 20 63
Somewhat oppose 116 11 11 75
Strongly oppose 256 25 25 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P13: Ukraine support

When it comes to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, do you think the United States is providing too much support to Ukraine, not enough support to Ukraine, or about the right amount of support to Ukraine?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Too much support 340 34 34 34
Not enough support 233 23 23 57
About the right amount of support 434 43 43 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

P14: US involvement in world affairs

Do you think it will be better for the future of the country if we take an active part in world affairs, or if we stay out of world affairs?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Take an active part in world affairs 555 55 55 55
Stay out of world affairs 454 45 45 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P15: Trump vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [Former President Donald Trump, the Republican] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat] would you vote for [Donald Trump] or for [Joe Biden]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 388 38 38 38
Joe Biden 333 33 33 71
Someone else 175 17 17 89
Wouldn't vote 113 11 11 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P15B: Trump vs Biden, leaners

If you had to choose, would you vote for [Biden] or for [Trump]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 134 13 46 46
Joe Biden 151 15 52 99
Skipped/Ref 4 0 1 100
(Missing) 722 71 NA NA

P15: Trump vs Biden, with leaners

[combination of i4i and preference in i4lean]
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 522 52 52 52
Joe Biden 484 48 48 100
Someone else 1 0 0 100
Wouldn't vote 3 0 0 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P16: DeSantis vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [Florida Governor Ron DeSantis, the Republican] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat] would you vote for [Ron DeSantis] or for [Joe Biden]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Ron DeSantis 342 34 34 34
Joe Biden 366 36 36 70
Someone else 176 17 17 88
Wouldn't vote 124 12 12 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P16B: DeSantis vs Biden, leaners

If you had to choose would you vote for [Biden] or for [DeSantis]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Ron DeSantis 170 17 57 57
Joe Biden 128 13 43 99
Skipped/Ref 3 0 1 100
(Missing) 710 70 NA NA

P16: DeSantis vs Biden, with leaners

[combination of i5 and preference in i5lean]
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Ron DeSantis 512 51 51 51
Joe Biden 494 49 49 100
Someone else 1 0 0 100
Wouldn't vote 2 0 0 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P17: Transgender sports participation

[Require that transgender athletes compete on teams that match the sex they were assigned at birth, not the gender they identify with] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 722 71 71 71
Oppose 285 28 28 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

P18: Private school vouchers

[Provide state funding for vouchers to pay for tuition for K-12 students to attend private or religious schools of their choice instead of public schools] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 554 55 55 55
Oppose 454 45 45 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

P19: Ban gender-affirming care for minors

[Ban “gender-affirming” care such as hormone therapy or surgery for transgender minors under 18] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 564 56 56 56
Oppose 443 44 44 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

P20: Ban AR-15 sales

[Ban the sale of “AR-15 style” semiautomatic rifles in your state] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favor 628 62 62 62
Oppose 381 38 38 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P21: Killings of Black Americans by police

Do you think recent killings of Black Americans by police are isolated incidents or part of a larger pattern in the police's treatment of Black Americans?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Isolated incidents 468 46 46 46
Part of a larger pattern 541 54 54 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P22: Fav/Unfav: BLM movement

Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the Black Lives Matter movement or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Favorable opinion 354 35 35 35
Unfavorable opinion 487 48 48 83
Haven't heard enough 165 16 16 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

P23: Racism in America today

How much of a problem do you think racism is in the country today?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A very big problem 418 41 41 41
A moderately big problem 336 33 33 75
A small problem 200 20 20 95
Not a problem at all 54 5 5 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

X1: Trust in government

How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right?...Just about always, most of the time, only some of the time, never?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Just about always 18 2 2 2
Most of the time 153 15 15 17
Only some of the time 625 62 62 79
Never 213 21 21 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

X2: Trust in others

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or most people can't be trusted?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Most people can be trusted 511 51 51 51
Most people can't be trusted 499 49 49 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

INT1: internet use

Do you use the internet or email, at least occasionally?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 1010 100 100 100

Z1: Party ID

Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, or an Independent?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 300 30 30 30
Democrat 301 30 30 60
Independent 253 25 25 85
Other/No preference 155 15 15 100

Z2A: Party ID strenth

Would you call yourself a strong [Republican/Democrat] or a not very strong [Republican/Democrat]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strong 341 34 57 57
Not very strong 261 26 43 100
(Missing) 408 40 NA NA

Z2B: Party ID lean

Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 105 10 26 26
Democratic 116 11 28 54
Neither 186 18 45 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100
(Missing) 602 60 NA NA

P24: Preferred primary

Are you more likely to vote in the Republican or the Democratic presidential primary in your state in 2024, or would you not vote in either?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 404 40 40 40
Democratic 388 38 38 79
Would not vote in either 216 21 21 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P25: GOP primary 2024

results shown only for those planning to vote in the Republican primary

Here are some potential candidates for the Republican presidential nomination. If the primary were today, whom would you vote for?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Chris Christie 1 0 0 0
Ron DeSantis 95 9 25 25
Larry Elder 3 0 1 26
Nikki Haley 17 2 5 31
Asa Hutchinson 0 0 0 31
Mike Pence 9 1 2 33
Vivek Ramaswamy 12 1 3 36
Tim Scott 6 1 2 38
Chris Sununu 3 0 1 39
Donald Trump 170 17 45 83
Undecided 63 6 17 100
(Missing) 629 62 NA NA

P26: Trump vs DeSantis

results shown only for those planning to vote in the Republican primary

If it were a choice between just the two of them, who would you prefer as the Republican nominee for president in 2024: [Donald Trump] or [Florida Governor Ron DeSantis]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 196 19 51 51
Ron DeSantis 185 18 49 100
(Missing) 629 62 NA NA

P27: Democratic primary 2024

results shown only for those planning to vote in the Democratic primary

Here are some potential candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination. If the primary were today, whom would you vote for?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Joe Biden 189 19 50 50
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. 47 5 12 63
Marianne Williamson 25 3 7 69
Undecided 115 11 31 100
(Missing) 634 63 NA NA

Z3: religious service attendance

Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
More than once a week 54 5 5 5
Once a week 138 14 14 19
Once or twice a month 79 8 8 27
A few times a year 133 13 13 40
Seldom 292 29 29 69
Never 313 31 31 100

Z4: born-again or evangelical

Would you describe yourself as a "born-again" or evangelical Christian, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes, would 269 27 27 27
No, would not 741 73 73 100

Z5: political ideology

Generally speaking, how would you describe your political views?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 127 13 13 13
Somewhat conservative 222 22 22 35
Moderate 364 36 36 71
Somewhat liberal 170 17 17 87
Very liberal 124 12 12 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

Z6: talk to neighbors

During the last 12 months, how often did you talk with any of your neighbors?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Basically, every day 74 7 7 7
A few times a week 303 30 30 37
A few times a month 259 26 26 63
Once a month 92 9 9 72
Less than once a month 190 19 19 91
Not at all 91 9 9 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

Z7: volunteering

We are interested in volunteer activities for which people are not paid, except perhaps expenses.  In the last 12 months, have you done any volunteer activities through or for an organization?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 246 24 24 24
No 764 76 76 100

Z8: Vote choice in 2020

Which presidential candidate did you vote for in 2020?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 339 34 34 34
Joe Biden 394 39 39 73
Someone else 59 6 6 79
I did not vote in the 2020 presidential election 216 21 21 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

party ID, 5-cat

Party ID with leaners separate
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 300 30 30 30
Lean Republican 105 10 10 40
Independent 186 18 18 59
Lean Democrat 116 11 11 70
Democrat 301 30 30 100
Refused 1 0 0 100

party ID, leaners as partisans

Party ID with leaners included
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 405 40 40 40
Independent 186 18 18 59
Democrat 418 41 41 100
Refused 1 0 0 100

gender

sex
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Male 474 47 47 47
Female 516 51 51 98
Another gender 7 1 1 99
Skipped/Ref 13 1 1 100

age

age, 4 categories
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
18-29 209 21 21 21
30-44 261 26 26 47
45-59 242 24 24 71
60+ 298 29 29 100

education

education - 5 categories
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Less than HS 88 9 9 9
HS graduate 287 28 28 37
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 269 27 27 64
Bachelor's degree 198 20 20 83
Post grad study/professional degree 168 17 17 100

income

income recode
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Less than $30k 282 28 28 28
$30k to less than $50k 198 20 20 48
$50k to less than $75k 167 17 17 64
$75k to less than $100k 136 13 13 77
$100k or more 226 22 22 100
DK/NA/Ref 1 0 0 100

marital status

marital status
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Married 465 46 46 46
Widowed 58 6 6 52
Divorced 90 9 9 61
Separated 21 2 2 63
Single, never married 244 24 24 87
Single, cohabitating 129 13 13 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

race/ethnicity

race and hispanic origin
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
White 624 62 62 62
Black 116 12 12 73
Hispanic 170 17 17 90
Other/Multiple 90 9 9 99
Skipped/Ref 11 1 1 100

religious affiliation

religious identification
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Born-again Protestant 210 21 21 21
Mainline Protestant 167 17 17 37
Roman Catholic 189 19 19 56
No religion 320 32 32 88
Other religion 119 12 12 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100
(Missing) 1 0 NA NA