Marquette Law School Supreme Court Poll September 18-25, 2023

Likely voters only

(Percentages are rounded to whole numbers for reporting of results. Frequencies have been rounded to whole numbers but percentages are calculated based on non-integer weighted sample sizes.)

Results for survey items among all likely voters are presented here (unless otherwise indicated). Please note that some questions are only asked of particular groups of respondents. In these instances, the row “NA’s” includes the number and percent of total respondents omitted from the question. These omitted cases are ignored when calculating the “Valid” and “Cumulative” percent columns.

A1: interest in politics

Some people seem to follow what's going on in politics most of the time, whether there's an election going on or not. Others aren't that interested. How often do you follow what's going on in politics…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Most of the time 330 53 53 53
Some of the time 225 36 36 89
Only now and then 59 9 9 98
Hardly at all 13 2 2 100

A2: voter registration

Are you registered to vote at your present address, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 627 100 100 100

A2B: registration intention

Do you plan to register to vote, or is there a chance that you may not register?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
(Missing) 627 100 NA NA

A3: voting intention

What are the chances that you will vote in the November 2024 general election for president, Congress, and other offices -- are you absolutely certain to vote, very likely to vote, are the chances 50-50, or don't you think you will vote?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Absolutely certain 627 100 100 100

A4: voting enthusiasm

How enthusiastic are you about voting in the elections in November 2024 for president and other offices? Would you say you are very, somewhat, not too, or not at all enthusiastic?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very enthusiastic 330 53 53 53
Somewhat enthusiastic 174 28 28 81
Not too enthusiastic 109 17 17 98
Not at all enthusiastic 13 2 2 100
(Missing) 1 0 NA NA

Z1: Party ID

Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, or an Independent?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 228 36 36 36
Democrat 247 39 39 76
Independent 122 20 20 95
Other/No preference 29 5 5 100

Z2A: Party ID strenth

Would you call yourself a strong [Republican/Democrat] or a not very strong [Republican/Democrat]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strong 352 56 74 74
Not very strong 121 19 25 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100
(Missing) 152 24 NA NA

Z2B: Party ID lean

Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 48 8 32 32
Democratic 62 10 41 73
Neither 42 7 27 100
(Missing) 475 76 NA NA

B1: GOP primary

Here are some candidates for the Republican presidential nomination. If the primary were today, whom would you vote for?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Doug Burgum 1 0 0 0
Chris Christie 2 0 1 1
Ron DeSantis 30 5 11 12
Larry Elder 0 0 0 12
Nikki Haley 15 2 5 17
Will Hurd 0 0 0 17
Mike Pence 8 1 3 20
Vivek Ramaswamy 14 2 5 26
Tim Scott 6 1 2 28
Donald Trump 159 25 57 85
Undecided 41 7 15 100
(Missing) 351 56 NA NA

B2: Trump vs DeSantis

If it were a choice between just the two of them, who would you prefer as the Republican nominee for president in 2024: [Donald Trump] or [Florida Governor Ron DeSantis]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely Donald Trump 130 21 47 47
Probably Donald Trump 66 10 24 71
Probably Ron DeSantis 42 7 15 86
Definitely Ron DeSantis 39 6 14 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100
(Missing) 351 56 NA NA

B3: Democratic primary

Here are some candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination. If the primary were today, whom would you vote for?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Joe Biden 181 29 59 59
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. 30 5 10 68
Marianne Williamson 9 1 3 71
Undecided 89 14 29 100
(Missing) 318 51 NA NA

B4: Trump vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [Former President Donald Trump, the Republican] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat] would you vote for [Donald Trump] or for [Joe Biden]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 269 43 43 43
Joe Biden 287 46 46 89
Someone else 60 10 10 98
Wouldn't vote 10 2 2 100

B4B: Trump vs Biden, lean

If you had to choose, would you vote for [Biden] or for [Trump]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely Donald Trump 12 2 18 18
Probably Donald Trump 23 4 33 50
Probably Joe Biden 23 4 33 84
Definitely Joe Biden 10 2 14 97
Skipped/Ref 2 0 3 100
(Missing) 556 89 NA NA

B4: Trump vs Biden, with lean

[combination of i4i and preference in i4leani]
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 305 49 49 49
Joe Biden 320 51 51 100
Someone else 0 0 0 100
Wouldn't vote 2 0 0 100

B5: DeSantis vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [Florida Governor Ron DeSantis, the Republican] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat] would you vote for [Ron DeSantis] or for [Joe Biden]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Ron DeSantis 261 42 42 42
Joe Biden 290 46 46 88
Someone else 64 10 10 98
Wouldn't vote 11 2 2 100

B5B: DeSantis vs Biden, lean

If you had to choose would you vote for [Biden] or for [DeSantis]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely Ron DeSantis 10 2 14 14
Probably Ron DeSantis 30 5 40 54
Probably Joe Biden 25 4 32 86
Definitely Joe Biden 7 1 10 96
Skipped/Ref 3 0 4 100
(Missing) 551 88 NA NA

B5: DeSantis vs Biden, with lean

[combination of i5 and preference in i5lean]
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Ron DeSantis 302 48 48 48
Joe Biden 322 51 51 100
Someone else 1 0 0 100
Wouldn't vote 2 0 0 100

C1: SCOTUS approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 79 13 13 13
Somewhat approve 206 33 33 46
Somewhat disapprove 180 29 29 74
Strongly disapprove 161 26 26 100

C1: SCOTUS approval (2-cat)

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 285 46 46 46
Disapprove 342 54 54 100

C3: Confidence in SCOTUS

[The US Supreme Court] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 50 8 8 8
Quite a lot 150 24 24 32
Some 223 36 36 67
Very little 142 23 23 90
None at all 62 10 10 100

C3: Confidence in Congress

[Congress] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 26 4 4 4
Quite a lot 52 8 8 12
Some 234 37 37 50
Very little 250 40 40 90
None at all 64 10 10 100

C4: Confidence in Presidency

[The Presidency] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 73 12 12 12
Quite a lot 108 17 17 29
Some 195 31 31 60
Very little 153 24 24 84
None at all 98 16 16 100

C5: Confidence in state Supreme Court

[Your state Supreme Court or highest court in your state] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 46 7 7 7
Quite a lot 164 26 26 33
Some 281 45 45 78
Very little 94 15 15 93
None at all 42 7 7 100

C6: Confidence in DOJ

[The U.S. Department of Justice] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 65 10 10 10
Quite a lot 145 23 23 34
Some 191 30 30 64
Very little 136 22 22 86
None at all 90 14 14 100

C7: Confidence in juries

[Juries that decide guilt or innocence in criminal cases] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 79 13 13 13
Quite a lot 206 33 33 45
Some 253 40 40 86
Very little 71 11 11 97
None at all 19 3 3 100

C8: Justice nomination majority

What is your guess as to whether a majority of the current US Supreme Court Justices were appointed by Democratic or Republican presidents?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely a majority appointed by Democratic presidents 30 5 5 5
Probably a majority appointed by Democratic presidents 95 15 15 20
Probably a majority appointed by Republican presidents 249 40 40 60
Definitely a majority appointed by Republican presidents 253 40 40 100

C9: Heard about SCOTUS last month

Thinking about the last month only, how much have you heard or read about the U.S. Supreme Court?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 148 24 24 24
A little 387 62 62 85
Nothing at all 92 15 15 100

C10: Justice motivations

In general, what most often motivates Supreme Court justices’ decisions?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Mainly politics 302 48 48 48
Mainly the law 323 52 52 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

C11: Justice ethics/honesty

[U.S. Supreme Court Justices] Please tell me how you would rate the honesty and ethical standards of people in these different fields--very high, high, average, low, or very low?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very high 49 8 8 8
High 163 26 26 34
Average 241 38 38 72
Low 119 19 19 91
Very low 54 9 9 100

C12: Increase # of justices

[Increase the number of justices on the US Supreme Court] How much do you favor or oppose the following proposals affecting the Supreme Court?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 101 16 16 16
Somewhat favor 211 34 34 50
Somewhat oppose 124 20 20 69
Strongly oppose 192 31 31 100

C13: Favor/oppose same-sex marriage

In 2015 the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 307 49 49 49
Somewhat favor 128 20 20 69
Somewhat oppose 91 15 15 84
Strongly oppose 100 16 16 100

C14: Favor/oppose LGBT workplace protections

In 2020 the Supreme Court ruled that a federal civil rights law protects gay and transgender workers from workplace discrimination. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 364 58 58 58
Somewhat favor 176 28 28 86
Somewhat oppose 62 10 10 96
Strongly oppose 25 4 4 100

C15: Favor/oppose overturn Roe

[In 2022 the Supreme Court overturned Roe versus Wade, thus striking down the 1973 decision that made abortion legal in all 50 states.] How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 160 26 26 26
Somewhat favor 72 11 11 37
Somewhat oppose 67 11 11 48
Strongly oppose 329 52 52 100

C16: Favor/oppose expand 2nd Amendment to handguns

In 2022, the Supreme Court ruled that, subject to some restrictions, the Second Amendment protects an individual’s right to carry a handgun for self-defense outside the home. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 262 42 42 42
Somewhat favor 134 21 21 63
Somewhat oppose 127 20 20 84
Strongly oppose 103 16 16 100

C17: Favor/oppose race in college admissions

In 2023, the Supreme Court ruled that colleges cannot use race as a factor in deciding which applicants to admit. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 353 56 56 56
Somewhat favor 107 17 17 73
Somewhat oppose 108 17 17 91
Strongly oppose 58 9 9 100

D1: Biden job approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 105 17 17 17
Somewhat approve 161 26 26 42
Somewhat disapprove 94 15 15 57
Strongly disapprove 267 43 43 100

D1: Biden job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 266 42 42 42
Disapprove 361 58 58 100

D2: Congress job approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 13 2 2 2
Somewhat approve 169 27 27 29
Somewhat disapprove 248 39 39 69
Strongly disapprove 197 31 31 100

D2: Congress job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 183 29 29 29
Disapprove 444 71 71 100

D3: Fav/unfav: Biden

[Joe Biden] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 125 20 20 20
Somewhat favorable 147 23 23 43
Somewhat unfavorable 75 12 12 55
Very unfavorable 279 44 44 100
Haven't heard enough 1 0 0 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

D4: Fav/unfav: Harris

[Kamala Harris] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 75 12 12 12
Somewhat favorable 165 26 26 38
Somewhat unfavorable 85 14 14 52
Very unfavorable 273 43 43 95
Haven't heard enough 29 5 5 100

D5: Fav/unfav: Kennedy, Jr.

[Robert F. Kennedy, Jr] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 52 8 8 8
Somewhat favorable 176 28 28 36
Somewhat unfavorable 99 16 16 52
Very unfavorable 145 23 23 75
Haven't heard enough 155 25 25 100

D6: Fav/unfav: Williamson

[Marianne Williamson] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 9 1 1 1
Somewhat favorable 41 7 7 8
Somewhat unfavorable 74 12 12 20
Very unfavorable 78 12 12 32
Haven't heard enough 425 68 68 100

D7: Fav/unfav: Burgum

[Doug Burgum] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 4 1 1 1
Somewhat favorable 39 6 6 7
Somewhat unfavorable 52 8 8 15
Very unfavorable 38 6 6 21
Haven't heard enough 492 78 78 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

D8: Fav/unfav: Christie

[Chris Christie] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 14 2 2 2
Somewhat favorable 127 20 20 22
Somewhat unfavorable 185 30 30 52
Very unfavorable 161 26 26 78
Haven't heard enough 141 22 22 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

D9: Fav/unfav: DeSantis

[Ron DeSantis] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 89 14 14 14
Somewhat favorable 161 26 26 40
Somewhat unfavorable 62 10 10 50
Very unfavorable 271 43 43 93
Haven't heard enough 45 7 7 100

D10: Fav/unfav: Elder

[Larry Elder] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 28 4 4 4
Somewhat favorable 75 12 12 16
Somewhat unfavorable 43 7 7 23
Very unfavorable 56 9 9 32
Haven't heard enough 425 68 68 100

D11: Fav/unfav: Haley

[Nikki Haley] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 51 8 8 8
Somewhat favorable 144 23 23 31
Somewhat unfavorable 127 20 20 51
Very unfavorable 105 17 17 68
Haven't heard enough 200 32 32 100

D12: Fav/unfav: Hurd

[Will Hurd] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 5 1 1 1
Somewhat favorable 36 6 6 7
Somewhat unfavorable 53 8 8 15
Very unfavorable 30 5 5 20
Haven't heard enough 501 80 80 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

D13: Fav/unfav: Hutchinson

[Asa Hutchinson] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 8 1 1 1
Somewhat favorable 61 10 10 11
Somewhat unfavorable 91 15 15 26
Very unfavorable 78 12 12 38
Haven't heard enough 389 62 62 100

D14: Fav/unfav: Johnson

[Perry Johnson] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 4 1 1 1
Somewhat favorable 11 2 2 2
Somewhat unfavorable 38 6 6 9
Very unfavorable 39 6 6 15
Haven't heard enough 534 85 85 100

D15: Fav/unfav: Pence

[Mike Pence] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 32 5 5 5
Somewhat favorable 154 25 25 30
Somewhat unfavorable 175 28 28 58
Very unfavorable 231 37 37 94
Haven't heard enough 35 6 6 100

D16: Fav/unfav: Ramaswamy

[Vivek Ramaswamy] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 42 7 7 7
Somewhat favorable 99 16 16 22
Somewhat unfavorable 73 12 12 34
Very unfavorable 164 26 26 60
Haven't heard enough 248 40 40 100

D17: Fav/unfav: Scott

[Tim Scott] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 50 8 8 8
Somewhat favorable 97 16 16 23
Somewhat unfavorable 69 11 11 34
Very unfavorable 91 15 15 49
Haven't heard enough 320 51 51 100

D18: Fav/unfav: Trump

[Donald Trump] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 160 26 26 26
Somewhat favorable 98 16 16 41
Somewhat unfavorable 48 8 8 49
Very unfavorable 315 50 50 99
Haven't heard enough 6 1 1 100

D19: Fav/unfav: Democratic Party

[The Democratic party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 112 18 18 18
Somewhat favorable 171 27 27 45
Somewhat unfavorable 108 17 17 62
Very unfavorable 224 36 36 98
Haven't heard enough 12 2 2 100

D20: Fav/unfav: Republican Party

[The Republican party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 102 16 16 16
Somewhat favorable 164 26 26 42
Somewhat unfavorable 112 18 18 60
Very unfavorable 230 37 37 97
Haven't heard enough 19 3 3 100

D21: Fav/unfav: Green Party

[The Green party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 18 3 3 3
Somewhat favorable 113 18 18 21
Somewhat unfavorable 129 21 21 42
Very unfavorable 121 19 19 61
Haven't heard enough 243 39 39 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

D22: Fav/unfav: Libertarian Party

[The Libertarian party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 16 3 3 3
Somewhat favorable 171 27 27 30
Somewhat unfavorable 145 23 23 53
Very unfavorable 113 18 18 71
Haven't heard enough 182 29 29 100

D23: Fav/unfav: No Labels political group

[The No Labels political group] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 5 1 1 1
Somewhat favorable 42 7 7 8
Somewhat unfavorable 59 9 9 17
Very unfavorable 78 12 12 29
Haven't heard enough 443 71 71 100

E1: State of the economy

How would you describe the state of the nation's economy these days?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Excellent 24 4 4 4
Good 129 21 21 24
Not so good 273 44 44 68
Poor 200 32 32 100

E2: Heard about Trump indictments

[Donald Trump’s indictments and pending trials in four cases in New York, Florida, Washington D.C., and Georgia] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 527 84 84 84
A little 88 14 14 98
Nothing at all 12 2 2 100

E3: Heard about affirmative action case

[A Supreme Court case concerning the use of race in college admissions] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 260 41 41 41
A little 270 43 43 84
Nothing at all 98 16 16 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

E4: Heard about Hunter Biden indictment

[A special counsel’s indictment of Hunter Biden] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 352 56 56 56
A little 238 38 38 94
Nothing at all 38 6 6 100

E5: Heard about Thomas financial disclosures

[News stories about Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas submitting amended financial disclosure reports] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 233 37 37 37
A little 225 36 36 73
Nothing at all 169 27 27 100

E6: Heard about Biden impeachment inquiry

[The House of Representatives opening a formal impeachment inquiry into President Joe Biden] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 286 46 46 46
A little 262 42 42 87
Nothing at all 80 13 13 100

E7: Heard about August inflation

[News reports that consumer prices (inflation) rose by 3.7% over the past 12 months (as of August)] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 329 53 53 53
A little 243 39 39 91
Nothing at all 54 9 9 100

E8: Heard about August unemployment

[News reports that the unemployment rate was 3.8% (as of August)] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 170 27 27 27
A little 335 53 53 81
Nothing at all 122 19 19 100

F1: SCOTUS ideology

[The US Supreme Court] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 149 24 24 24
Somewhat conservative 254 41 41 64
Moderate 166 27 27 91
Somewhat liberal 39 6 6 97
Very liberal 19 3 3 100

F2: Biden ideology

[Joe Biden] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 24 4 4 4
Somewhat conservative 30 5 5 9
Moderate 124 20 20 28
Somewhat liberal 175 28 28 56
Very liberal 274 44 44 100

F3: Trump ideology

[Donald Trump] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 327 52 52 52
Somewhat conservative 201 32 32 84
Moderate 58 9 9 93
Somewhat liberal 16 2 2 96
Very liberal 26 4 4 100

F4: DeSantis ideology

[Ron DeSantis] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 363 58 58 58
Somewhat conservative 133 21 21 79
Moderate 89 14 14 93
Somewhat liberal 18 3 3 96
Very liberal 24 4 4 100

F5: Republican ideology

[The Republican party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 317 51 51 51
Somewhat conservative 211 34 34 84
Moderate 64 10 10 95
Somewhat liberal 15 2 2 97
Very liberal 19 3 3 100

F6: Democratic ideology

[The Democratic party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 24 4 4 4
Somewhat conservative 35 6 6 9
Moderate 98 16 16 25
Somewhat liberal 168 27 27 52
Very liberal 302 48 48 100

F7: Better at handling the economy

[The economy] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 203 32 32 32
Trump 316 50 50 83
Both about the same 52 8 8 91
Neither good 56 9 9 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

F8: Better at handling immigration/border

[Immigration and border security] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 199 32 32 32
Trump 323 52 52 83
Both about the same 33 5 5 89
Neither good 71 11 11 100

F9: Better at handling inflation

[Inflation] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 194 31 31 31
Trump 310 49 49 80
Both about the same 63 10 10 90
Neither good 60 10 10 100

F10: Better at handling job creation

[Creating jobs] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 211 34 34 34
Trump 297 47 47 81
Both about the same 75 12 12 93
Neither good 43 7 7 100

F11: Better at handling climate change

[Climate change] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 300 48 48 48
Trump 152 24 24 72
Both about the same 77 12 12 84
Neither good 99 16 16 100

F12: Better at handling foreign relations

[Foreign relations] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 269 43 43 43
Trump 268 43 43 86
Both about the same 38 6 6 92
Neither good 52 8 8 100

F13: Better at handling abortion policy

[Abortion policy] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 295 47 47 47
Trump 222 35 35 82
Both about the same 47 7 7 90
Neither good 64 10 10 100

F14: Better at handling medicare/social security

[Medicare & Social Security] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 268 43 43 43
Trump 237 38 38 81
Both about the same 61 10 10 90
Neither good 61 10 10 100

F15: Describes Biden: too old

[Is too old to be president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 328 52 52 52
Somewhat well 154 25 25 77
Not too well 83 13 13 90
Not at all well 61 10 10 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

F16: Describes Biden: shares values

[Shares your values] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 134 21 21 21
Somewhat well 164 26 26 48
Not too well 78 12 12 60
Not at all well 251 40 40 100

F17: Describes Biden: understands problems

[Understands the problems of ordinary people] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 126 20 20 20
Somewhat well 152 24 24 44
Not too well 106 17 17 61
Not at all well 243 39 39 100

F18: Describes Biden: corrupt

[Has behaved corruptly] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 191 30 30 30
Somewhat well 86 14 14 44
Not too well 132 21 21 65
Not at all well 218 35 35 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

F19: Describes Biden: accomplishments

[Has a strong record of accomplishments as president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 115 18 18 18
Somewhat well 157 25 25 43
Not too well 117 19 19 62
Not at all well 238 38 38 100

F20: Describes Trump: too old

[Is too old to be president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 151 24 24 24
Somewhat well 179 29 29 53
Not too well 155 25 25 77
Not at all well 139 22 22 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

F21: Describes Trump: shares values

[Shares your values] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 138 22 22 22
Somewhat well 138 22 22 44
Not too well 59 9 9 53
Not at all well 292 47 47 100

F22: Describes Trump: understands problems

[Understands the problems of ordinary people] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 119 19 19 19
Somewhat well 151 24 24 43
Not too well 71 11 11 54
Not at all well 286 46 46 100

F23: Describes Trump: corrupt

[Has behaved corruptly] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 301 48 48 48
Somewhat well 89 14 14 62
Not too well 99 16 16 78
Not at all well 135 22 22 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

F24: Describes Trump: accomplishments

[Has a strong record of accomplishments as president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 207 33 33 33
Somewhat well 109 17 17 50
Not too well 81 13 13 63
Not at all well 229 36 36 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

F25: Trump after 2020 election

As you may know, Donald Trump has been indicted by the federal government concerning his actions following the 2020 vote. In connection with those actions, do you think Trump did something illegal, he did something wrong but not illegal, or do you think he didn’t do anything wrong?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Something illegal 337 54 54 54
Something wrong but not illegal 133 21 21 75
He didn't do anything wrong 156 25 25 100

F26: DOJ treatment of Trump

Do you think the Department of Justice’s treatment of Donald Trump is motivated by partisan politics, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Motivated by partisan politics 358 57 57 57
Is not motivated by partisan politics 266 42 42 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100
(Missing) 1 0 NA NA

F27: Biden & Hunter Biden

Related to his son’s business dealings, do you think Joe Biden did something illegal, he did something wrong but not illegal, or do you think he didn’t do anything wrong?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Something illegal 301 48 48 48
Something wrong but not illegal 149 24 24 72
He didn't do anything wrong 177 28 28 100

K1: abortion legality

Do you think abortion should be legal in all cases, legal in most cases, illegal in most cases, or illegal in all cases?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Legal in all cases 211 34 34 34
Legal in most cases 214 34 34 68
Illegal in most cases 163 26 26 94
Illegal in all cases 39 6 6 100

K2: personal importance of abortion

How important is the abortion issue to you--would you say it is one of the most important, somewhat important, not very important, or not important at all?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
One of the most important issues 281 45 45 45
Somewhat important 246 39 39 84
Not very important 83 13 13 97
Not important at all 17 3 3 100

P2: Ukraine support level

When it comes to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, do you think the United States is providing too much support to Ukraine, not enough support to Ukraine, or about the right amount of support to Ukraine?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Too much support 235 38 38 38
Not enough support 122 20 20 57
About the right amount of support 269 43 43 100

P1: US involvement in world affairs

Do you think it will be better for the future of the country if we take an active part in world affairs, or if we stay out of world affairs?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Take an active part in world affairs 407 65 65 65
Stay out of world affairs 220 35 35 100

P3: transgender sports participation

[Require that transgender athletes compete on teams that match the sex they were assigned at birth, not the gender they identify with] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 345 55 55 55
Somewhat favor 107 17 17 72
Somewhat oppose 100 16 16 88
Strongly oppose 75 12 12 100

P4: Biden impeachment

[The House of Representatives considering impeachment of Joe Biden] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 194 31 31 31
Somewhat favor 83 13 13 44
Somewhat oppose 96 15 15 59
Strongly oppose 255 41 41 100

P5: school vouchers

[Provide public funding for vouchers for K-12 students to attend private or religious schools] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 182 29 29 29
Somewhat favor 144 23 23 52
Somewhat oppose 126 20 20 72
Strongly oppose 175 28 28 100

P6: 15-week abortion ban

[Pass a national law banning abortion after 15 weeks of pregnancy] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 180 29 29 29
Somewhat favor 119 19 19 48
Somewhat oppose 104 17 17 64
Strongly oppose 223 36 36 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P7: licensed concealed handguns

Do you favor or oppose laws that allow most people to obtain a license to carry concealed handguns?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 217 35 35 35
Somewhat favor 152 24 24 59
Somewhat oppose 97 15 15 74
Strongly oppose 161 26 26 100

P8: illegal immigration

[Increase efforts to stop illegal immigration along the southern border] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 324 52 52 52
Somewhat favor 161 26 26 77
Somewhat oppose 96 15 15 93
Strongly oppose 46 7 7 100

P9: Trump classified documents

Do you believe Donald Trump had top secret and other classified material or national security documents at his home in Mar-a-Lago in 2022?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 464 74 74 74
No 162 26 26 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P10: 2020 vote count accuracy

How confident are you that, across the country, the votes for president were accurately cast and counted in [the 2020] election? Very confident, somewhat confident, not too confident, or not at all confident.
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very confident 284 45 45 45
Somewhat confident 105 17 17 62
Not too confident 111 18 18 80
Not at all confident 128 20 20 100

P11: Fav/Unfav: Black Lives Matter movement

Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the Black Lives Matter movement or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 127 20 20 20
Somewhat favorable 175 28 28 48
Somewhat unfavorable 97 15 15 64
Very unfavorable 204 33 33 96
Haven't heard enough 24 4 4 100

P12: racism in America today

How much of a problem do you think racism is in the country today?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A very big problem 253 40 40 40
A moderately big problem 204 33 33 73
A small problem 150 24 24 97
Not a problem at all 20 3 3 100

P13: personal financial situation

Thinking about your family's financial situation, would you say you are living comfortably, just getting by, or struggling to make ends meet?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Living comfortably 269 43 43 43
Just getting by 267 43 43 85
Struggling 92 15 15 100

X1: Trust in government

How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right?...Just about always, most of the time, only some of the time, never?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Just about always 4 1 1 1
Most of the time 110 18 18 18
Only some of the time 412 66 66 84
Never 101 16 16 100

X2: Trust in others

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or most people can't be trusted?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Most people can be trusted 387 62 62 62
Most people can't be trusted 240 38 38 100

INT1: internet use

Do you use the internet or email, at least occasionally?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 627 100 100 100

Z3: religious service attendance

Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
More than once a week 39 6 6 6
Once a week 107 17 17 23
Once or twice a month 46 7 7 31
A few times a year 102 16 16 47
Seldom 161 26 26 73
Never 172 27 27 100

Z4: born-again or evangelical

Would you describe yourself as a "born-again" or evangelical Christian, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes, would 182 29 29 29
No, would not 443 71 71 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

Z5: political ideology

Generally speaking, how would you describe your political views?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 101 16 16 16
Somewhat conservative 151 24 24 40
Moderate 182 29 29 69
Somewhat liberal 110 18 18 87
Very liberal 81 13 13 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

Z6: talk to neighbors

During the last 12 months, how often did you talk with any of your neighbors?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Basically, every day 50 8 8 8
A few times a week 215 34 34 42
A few times a month 173 28 28 70
Once a month 55 9 9 79
Less than once a month 101 16 16 95
Not at all 33 5 5 100

Z7: volunteering

We are interested in volunteer activities for which people are not paid, except perhaps expenses.  In the last 12 months, have you done any volunteer activities through or for an organization?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 187 30 30 30
No 440 70 70 100

Z8: Vote choice in 2020

Which presidential candidate did you vote for in 2020?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 268 43 43 43
Joe Biden 317 51 51 93
Someone else 22 3 3 97
I did not vote in the 2020 presidential election 18 3 3 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

Z9: own or rent

Is your home owned or rented?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Owned 508 81 81 81
Rented 118 19 19 100

Z10: adults in household

Including yourself, how many adults age 18 or older are there living in your household?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
1 98 16 16 16
2 355 57 57 72
3 107 17 17 89
4 40 6 6 96
5 15 2 2 98
6 6 1 1 99
7 2 0 0 99
8 or more 2 0 0 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

party ID, 5-cat

Party ID with leaners separate
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 228 36 36 36
Lean Republican 48 8 8 44
Independent 42 7 7 51
Lean Democrat 62 10 10 61
Democrat 247 39 39 100

party ID, leaners as partisans

Party ID with leaners included
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 276 44 44 44
Independent 42 7 7 51
Democrat 309 49 49 100

gender

sex
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Male 313 50 50 50
Female 305 49 49 99
Another gender 4 1 1 99
Skipped/Ref 5 1 1 100

age

age, 4 categories
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
18-29 67 11 11 11
30-44 139 22 22 33
45-59 172 27 27 60
60+ 248 40 40 100

education

education - 5 categories
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Less than HS 46 7 7 7
HS graduate 151 24 24 31
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 169 27 27 58
Bachelor's degree 116 18 18 77
Post grad study/professional degree 146 23 23 100

income

income recode
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Less than $30k 113 18 18 18
$30k to less than $50k 85 14 14 32
$50k to less than $75k 119 19 19 51
$75k to less than $100k 105 17 17 67
$100k or more 202 32 32 100
DK/NA/Ref 3 0 0 100

marital status

marital status
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Married 384 61 61 61
Widowed 30 5 5 66
Divorced 48 8 8 74
Separated 7 1 1 75
Single, never married 108 17 17 92
Single, cohabitating 49 8 8 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

race/ethnicity

race and hispanic origin
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
White 418 67 67 67
Black 57 9 9 76
Hispanic 93 15 15 90
Other/Multiple 50 8 8 98
Skipped/Ref 10 2 2 100

religious affiliation

religious identification
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Born-again Protestant 148 24 24 24
Mainline Protestant 106 17 17 41
Roman Catholic 127 20 20 61
No religion 188 30 30 91
Other religion 54 9 9 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100
(Missing) 3 0 NA NA