Marquette Law School Supreme Court Poll September 18-25, 2023

Registered voters only

(Percentages are rounded to whole numbers for reporting of results. Frequencies have been rounded to whole numbers but percentages are calculated based on non-integer weighted sample sizes.)

Results for survey items among all registered voters are presented here (unless otherwise indicated). Please note that some questions are only asked of particular groups of respondents. In these instances, the row “NA’s” includes the number and percent of total respondents omitted from the question. These omitted cases are ignored when calculating the “Valid” and “Cumulative” percent columns.

A1: interest in politics

Some people seem to follow what's going on in politics most of the time, whether there's an election going on or not. Others aren't that interested. How often do you follow what's going on in politics…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Most of the time 350 45 45 45
Some of the time 302 39 39 83
Only now and then 97 12 12 96
Hardly at all 32 4 4 100

A2: voter registration

Are you registered to vote at your present address, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 781 100 100 100

A2B: registration intention

Do you plan to register to vote, or is there a chance that you may not register?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
(Missing) 781 100 NA NA

A3: voting intention

What are the chances that you will vote in the November 2024 general election for president, Congress, and other offices -- are you absolutely certain to vote, very likely to vote, are the chances 50-50, or don't you think you will vote?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Absolutely certain 627 80 80 80
Very Likely 95 12 12 92
Chances 50-50 54 7 7 99
Don't think will vote 5 1 1 100

A4: voting enthusiasm

How enthusiastic are you about voting in the elections in November 2024 for president and other offices? Would you say you are very, somewhat, not too, or not at all enthusiastic?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very enthusiastic 344 44 44 44
Somewhat enthusiastic 243 31 31 75
Not too enthusiastic 167 21 21 97
Not at all enthusiastic 27 3 3 100
(Missing) 1 0 NA NA

Z1: Party ID

Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, or an Independent?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 273 35 35 35
Democrat 286 37 37 71
Independent 171 22 22 93
Other/No preference 52 7 7 100

Z2A: Party ID strenth

Would you call yourself a strong [Republican/Democrat] or a not very strong [Republican/Democrat]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strong 390 50 70 70
Not very strong 165 21 30 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100
(Missing) 223 29 NA NA

Z2B: Party ID lean

Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 68 9 30 30
Democratic 76 10 34 64
Neither 80 10 36 100
(Missing) 558 71 NA NA

B1: GOP primary

Here are some candidates for the Republican presidential nomination. If the primary were today, whom would you vote for?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Doug Burgum 2 0 0 0
Chris Christie 2 0 1 1
Ron DeSantis 40 5 12 13
Larry Elder 1 0 0 13
Nikki Haley 20 2 6 19
Will Hurd 0 0 0 19
Mike Pence 14 2 4 23
Vivek Ramaswamy 15 2 4 27
Tim Scott 6 1 2 29
Donald Trump 191 24 56 85
Undecided 51 7 15 100
(Missing) 441 56 NA NA

B2: Trump vs DeSantis

If it were a choice between just the two of them, who would you prefer as the Republican nominee for president in 2024: [Donald Trump] or [Florida Governor Ron DeSantis]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely Donald Trump 144 18 42 42
Probably Donald Trump 100 13 29 72
Probably Ron DeSantis 48 6 14 86
Definitely Ron DeSantis 48 6 14 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100
(Missing) 441 56 NA NA

B3: Democratic primary

Here are some candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination. If the primary were today, whom would you vote for?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Joe Biden 192 25 53 53
Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. 44 6 12 65
Marianne Williamson 12 2 3 69
Undecided 113 14 31 100
(Missing) 420 54 NA NA

B4: Trump vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [Former President Donald Trump, the Republican] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat] would you vote for [Donald Trump] or for [Joe Biden]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 347 44 44 44
Joe Biden 306 39 39 84
Someone else 96 12 12 96
Wouldn't vote 33 4 4 100

B4B: Trump vs Biden, lean

If you had to choose, would you vote for [Biden] or for [Trump]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely Donald Trump 13 2 10 10
Probably Donald Trump 41 5 32 42
Probably Joe Biden 52 7 41 83
Definitely Joe Biden 19 2 15 98
Skipped/Ref 3 0 2 100
(Missing) 653 84 NA NA

B4: Trump vs Biden, with lean

[combination of i4i and preference in i4leani]
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 401 51 51 51
Joe Biden 377 48 48 100
Someone else 0 0 0 100
Wouldn't vote 3 0 0 100

B5: DeSantis vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [Florida Governor Ron DeSantis, the Republican] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat] would you vote for [Ron DeSantis] or for [Joe Biden]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Ron DeSantis 322 41 41 41
Joe Biden 322 41 41 82
Someone else 102 13 13 95
Wouldn't vote 35 5 5 100

B5B: DeSantis vs Biden, lean

If you had to choose would you vote for [Biden] or for [DeSantis]?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely Ron DeSantis 20 3 15 15
Probably Ron DeSantis 58 7 42 57
Probably Joe Biden 44 6 32 89
Definitely Joe Biden 12 2 9 97
Skipped/Ref 4 1 3 100
(Missing) 644 82 NA NA

B5: DeSantis vs Biden, with lean

[combination of i5 and preference in i5lean]
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Ron DeSantis 400 51 51 51
Joe Biden 377 48 48 99
Someone else 2 0 0 100
Wouldn't vote 2 0 0 100

C1: SCOTUS approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 85 11 11 11
Somewhat approve 257 33 33 44
Somewhat disapprove 242 31 31 75
Strongly disapprove 197 25 25 100

C1: SCOTUS approval (2-cat)

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 342 44 44 44
Disapprove 439 56 56 100

C3: Confidence in SCOTUS

[The US Supreme Court] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 56 7 7 7
Quite a lot 172 22 22 29
Some 299 38 38 67
Very little 173 22 22 90
None at all 81 10 10 100

C3: Confidence in Congress

[Congress] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 29 4 4 4
Quite a lot 64 8 8 12
Some 307 39 39 51
Very little 297 38 38 89
None at all 85 11 11 100

C4: Confidence in Presidency

[The Presidency] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 81 10 10 10
Quite a lot 119 15 15 26
Some 249 32 32 57
Very little 203 26 26 83
None at all 130 17 17 100

C5: Confidence in state Supreme Court

[Your state Supreme Court or highest court in your state] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 53 7 7 7
Quite a lot 188 24 24 31
Some 359 46 46 77
Very little 128 16 16 93
None at all 54 7 7 100

C6: Confidence in DOJ

[The U.S. Department of Justice] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 73 9 9 9
Quite a lot 169 22 22 31
Some 267 34 34 65
Very little 169 22 22 87
None at all 105 13 13 100

C7: Confidence in juries

[Juries that decide guilt or innocence in criminal cases] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A great deal 88 11 11 11
Quite a lot 232 30 30 41
Some 330 42 42 83
Very little 101 13 13 96
None at all 31 4 4 100

C8: Justice nomination majority

What is your guess as to whether a majority of the current US Supreme Court Justices were appointed by Democratic or Republican presidents?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Definitely a majority appointed by Democratic presidents 43 6 6 6
Probably a majority appointed by Democratic presidents 131 17 17 22
Probably a majority appointed by Republican presidents 319 41 41 63
Definitely a majority appointed by Republican presidents 287 37 37 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

C9: Heard about SCOTUS last month

Thinking about the last month only, how much have you heard or read about the U.S. Supreme Court?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 153 20 20 20
A little 495 63 63 83
Nothing at all 134 17 17 100

C10: Justice motivations

In general, what most often motivates Supreme Court justices’ decisions?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Mainly politics 393 50 50 50
Mainly the law 386 49 49 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

C11: Justice ethics/honesty

[U.S. Supreme Court Justices] Please tell me how you would rate the honesty and ethical standards of people in these different fields--very high, high, average, low, or very low?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very high 53 7 7 7
High 182 23 23 30
Average 335 43 43 73
Low 144 18 18 91
Very low 68 9 9 100

C12: Increase # of justices

[Increase the number of justices on the US Supreme Court] How much do you favor or oppose the following proposals affecting the Supreme Court?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 113 15 15 15
Somewhat favor 289 37 37 52
Somewhat oppose 169 22 22 73
Strongly oppose 209 27 27 100

C13: Favor/oppose same-sex marriage

In 2015 the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 360 46 46 46
Somewhat favor 167 21 21 67
Somewhat oppose 124 16 16 83
Strongly oppose 131 17 17 100

C14: Favor/oppose LGBT workplace protections

In 2020 the Supreme Court ruled that a federal civil rights law protects gay and transgender workers from workplace discrimination. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 429 55 55 55
Somewhat favor 234 30 30 85
Somewhat oppose 79 10 10 95
Strongly oppose 39 5 5 100

C15: Favor/oppose overturn Roe

[In 2022 the Supreme Court overturned Roe versus Wade, thus striking down the 1973 decision that made abortion legal in all 50 states.] How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 184 24 24 24
Somewhat favor 108 14 14 37
Somewhat oppose 100 13 13 50
Strongly oppose 390 50 50 100

C16: Favor/oppose expand 2nd Amendment to handguns

In 2022, the Supreme Court ruled that, subject to some restrictions, the Second Amendment protects an individual’s right to carry a handgun for self-defense outside the home. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 314 40 40 40
Somewhat favor 183 23 23 64
Somewhat oppose 160 20 20 84
Strongly oppose 125 16 16 100

C17: Favor/oppose race in college admissions

In 2023, the Supreme Court ruled that colleges cannot use race as a factor in deciding which applicants to admit. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 450 58 58 58
Somewhat favor 144 18 18 76
Somewhat oppose 118 15 15 91
Strongly oppose 69 9 9 100

D1: Biden job approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 107 14 14 14
Somewhat approve 195 25 25 39
Somewhat disapprove 141 18 18 57
Strongly disapprove 338 43 43 100

D1: Biden job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 303 39 39 39
Disapprove 479 61 61 100

D2: Congress job approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve 18 2 2 2
Somewhat approve 214 27 27 30
Somewhat disapprove 326 42 42 71
Strongly disapprove 223 29 29 100

D2: Congress job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Approve 232 30 30 30
Disapprove 550 70 70 100

D3: Fav/unfav: Biden

[Joe Biden] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 128 16 16 16
Somewhat favorable 178 23 23 39
Somewhat unfavorable 117 15 15 54
Very unfavorable 355 45 45 99
Haven't heard enough 4 1 1 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

D4: Fav/unfav: Harris

[Kamala Harris] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 87 11 11 11
Somewhat favorable 199 25 25 37
Somewhat unfavorable 121 16 16 52
Very unfavorable 324 41 41 94
Haven't heard enough 50 6 6 100

D5: Fav/unfav: Kennedy, Jr.

[Robert F. Kennedy, Jr] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 67 9 9 9
Somewhat favorable 231 30 30 38
Somewhat unfavorable 123 16 16 54
Very unfavorable 151 19 19 73
Haven't heard enough 209 27 27 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

D6: Fav/unfav: Williamson

[Marianne Williamson] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 13 2 2 2
Somewhat favorable 50 6 6 8
Somewhat unfavorable 94 12 12 20
Very unfavorable 87 11 11 31
Haven't heard enough 538 69 69 100

D7: Fav/unfav: Burgum

[Doug Burgum] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 6 1 1 1
Somewhat favorable 45 6 6 7
Somewhat unfavorable 73 9 9 16
Very unfavorable 41 5 5 21
Haven't heard enough 614 79 79 100
Skipped/Ref 3 0 0 100

D8: Fav/unfav: Christie

[Chris Christie] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 16 2 2 2
Somewhat favorable 149 19 19 21
Somewhat unfavorable 226 29 29 50
Very unfavorable 179 23 23 73
Haven't heard enough 212 27 27 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

D9: Fav/unfav: DeSantis

[Ron DeSantis] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 103 13 13 13
Somewhat favorable 198 25 25 38
Somewhat unfavorable 102 13 13 52
Very unfavorable 304 39 39 91
Haven't heard enough 74 9 9 100

D10: Fav/unfav: Elder

[Larry Elder] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 30 4 4 4
Somewhat favorable 88 11 11 15
Somewhat unfavorable 63 8 8 23
Very unfavorable 66 8 8 32
Haven't heard enough 534 68 68 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

D11: Fav/unfav: Haley

[Nikki Haley] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 57 7 7 7
Somewhat favorable 163 21 21 28
Somewhat unfavorable 156 20 20 48
Very unfavorable 111 14 14 62
Haven't heard enough 292 37 37 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

D12: Fav/unfav: Hurd

[Will Hurd] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 9 1 1 1
Somewhat favorable 44 6 6 7
Somewhat unfavorable 72 9 9 16
Very unfavorable 36 5 5 21
Haven't heard enough 618 79 79 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

D13: Fav/unfav: Hutchinson

[Asa Hutchinson] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 11 1 1 1
Somewhat favorable 70 9 9 10
Somewhat unfavorable 112 14 14 25
Very unfavorable 85 11 11 36
Haven't heard enough 503 64 64 100

D14: Fav/unfav: Johnson

[Perry Johnson] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 6 1 1 1
Somewhat favorable 21 3 3 4
Somewhat unfavorable 58 7 7 11
Very unfavorable 49 6 6 17
Haven't heard enough 647 83 83 100

D15: Fav/unfav: Pence

[Mike Pence] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 41 5 5 5
Somewhat favorable 188 24 24 29
Somewhat unfavorable 227 29 29 58
Very unfavorable 260 33 33 92
Haven't heard enough 65 8 8 100

D16: Fav/unfav: Ramaswamy

[Vivek Ramaswamy] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 49 6 6 6
Somewhat favorable 115 15 15 21
Somewhat unfavorable 93 12 12 33
Very unfavorable 171 22 22 55
Haven't heard enough 355 45 45 100

D17: Fav/unfav: Scott

[Tim Scott] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 56 7 7 7
Somewhat favorable 116 15 15 22
Somewhat unfavorable 96 12 12 34
Very unfavorable 95 12 12 46
Haven't heard enough 419 54 54 100

D18: Fav/unfav: Trump

[Donald Trump] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 199 25 25 25
Somewhat favorable 131 17 17 42
Somewhat unfavorable 75 10 10 52
Very unfavorable 367 47 47 99
Haven't heard enough 10 1 1 100

D19: Fav/unfav: Democratic Party

[The Democratic party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 125 16 16 16
Somewhat favorable 206 26 26 42
Somewhat unfavorable 160 20 20 63
Very unfavorable 264 34 34 97
Haven't heard enough 26 3 3 100

D20: Fav/unfav: Republican Party

[The Republican party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 124 16 16 16
Somewhat favorable 211 27 27 43
Somewhat unfavorable 152 19 19 62
Very unfavorable 264 34 34 96
Haven't heard enough 31 4 4 100

D21: Fav/unfav: Green Party

[The Green party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 21 3 3 3
Somewhat favorable 132 17 17 20
Somewhat unfavorable 152 19 19 39
Very unfavorable 130 17 17 56
Haven't heard enough 344 44 44 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

D22: Fav/unfav: Libertarian Party

[The Libertarian party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 19 2 2 2
Somewhat favorable 202 26 26 28
Somewhat unfavorable 176 23 23 51
Very unfavorable 127 16 16 67
Haven't heard enough 257 33 33 100

D23: Fav/unfav: No Labels political group

[The No Labels political group] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 9 1 1 1
Somewhat favorable 56 7 7 8
Somewhat unfavorable 83 11 11 19
Very unfavorable 82 11 11 29
Haven't heard enough 551 71 71 100

E1: State of the economy

How would you describe the state of the nation's economy these days?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Excellent 26 3 3 3
Good 154 20 20 23
Not so good 353 45 45 68
Poor 249 32 32 100

E2: Heard about Trump indictments

[Donald Trump’s indictments and pending trials in four cases in New York, Florida, Washington D.C., and Georgia] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 606 78 78 78
A little 154 20 20 97
Nothing at all 21 3 3 100

E3: Heard about affirmative action case

[A Supreme Court case concerning the use of race in college admissions] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 279 36 36 36
A little 354 45 45 81
Nothing at all 148 19 19 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

E4: Heard about Hunter Biden indictment

[A special counsel’s indictment of Hunter Biden] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 379 49 49 49
A little 333 43 43 91
Nothing at all 69 9 9 100

E5: Heard about Thomas financial disclosures

[News stories about Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas submitting amended financial disclosure reports] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 252 32 32 32
A little 277 35 35 68
Nothing at all 253 32 32 100

E6: Heard about Biden impeachment inquiry

[The House of Representatives opening a formal impeachment inquiry into President Joe Biden] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 322 41 41 41
A little 338 43 43 84
Nothing at all 122 16 16 100

E7: Heard about August inflation

[News reports that consumer prices (inflation) rose by 3.7% over the past 12 months (as of August)] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 386 49 49 49
A little 316 40 40 90
Nothing at all 80 10 10 100

E8: Heard about August unemployment

[News reports that the unemployment rate was 3.8% (as of August)] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A lot 193 25 25 25
A little 429 55 55 80
Nothing at all 159 20 20 100

F1: SCOTUS ideology

[The US Supreme Court] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 174 22 22 22
Somewhat conservative 294 38 38 60
Moderate 237 30 30 90
Somewhat liberal 55 7 7 97
Very liberal 22 3 3 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

F2: Biden ideology

[Joe Biden] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 28 4 4 4
Somewhat conservative 43 6 6 9
Moderate 180 23 23 32
Somewhat liberal 212 27 27 59
Very liberal 318 41 41 100

F3: Trump ideology

[Donald Trump] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 386 49 49 49
Somewhat conservative 237 30 30 80
Moderate 92 12 12 92
Somewhat liberal 30 4 4 95
Very liberal 36 5 5 100

F4: DeSantis ideology

[Ron DeSantis] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 419 54 54 54
Somewhat conservative 159 20 20 74
Moderate 145 19 19 92
Somewhat liberal 27 3 3 96
Very liberal 32 4 4 100

F5: Republican ideology

[The Republican party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 376 48 48 48
Somewhat conservative 255 33 33 81
Moderate 108 14 14 94
Somewhat liberal 20 3 3 97
Very liberal 23 3 3 100

F6: Democratic ideology

[The Democratic party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 28 4 4 4
Somewhat conservative 53 7 7 10
Moderate 151 19 19 30
Somewhat liberal 207 27 27 56
Very liberal 343 44 44 100

F7: Better at handling the economy

[The economy] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 220 28 28 28
Trump 405 52 52 80
Both about the same 69 9 9 89
Neither good 87 11 11 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

F8: Better at handling immigration/border

[Immigration and border security] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 221 28 28 28
Trump 407 52 52 80
Both about the same 54 7 7 87
Neither good 100 13 13 100

F9: Better at handling inflation

[Inflation] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 211 27 27 27
Trump 394 50 50 77
Both about the same 82 11 11 88
Neither good 94 12 12 100

F10: Better at handling job creation

[Creating jobs] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 237 30 30 30
Trump 382 49 49 79
Both about the same 94 12 12 91
Neither good 68 9 9 100

F11: Better at handling climate change

[Climate change] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 342 44 44 44
Trump 184 24 24 67
Both about the same 114 15 15 82
Neither good 141 18 18 100

F12: Better at handling foreign relations

[Foreign relations] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 299 38 38 38
Trump 336 43 43 81
Both about the same 58 7 7 89
Neither good 89 11 11 100

F13: Better at handling abortion policy

[Abortion policy] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 335 43 43 43
Trump 265 34 34 77
Both about the same 74 9 9 86
Neither good 108 14 14 100

F14: Better at handling medicare/social security

[Medicare & Social Security] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Biden 305 39 39 39
Trump 293 37 37 77
Both about the same 89 11 11 88
Neither good 95 12 12 100

F15: Describes Biden: too old

[Is too old to be president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 417 53 53 53
Somewhat well 186 24 24 77
Not too well 104 13 13 90
Not at all well 74 9 9 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

F16: Describes Biden: shares values

[Shares your values] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 136 17 17 17
Somewhat well 200 26 26 43
Not too well 133 17 17 60
Not at all well 313 40 40 100

F17: Describes Biden: understands problems

[Understands the problems of ordinary people] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 133 17 17 17
Somewhat well 191 24 24 41
Not too well 150 19 19 61
Not at all well 308 39 39 100

F18: Describes Biden: corrupt

[Has behaved corruptly] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 226 29 29 29
Somewhat well 124 16 16 45
Not too well 193 25 25 70
Not at all well 237 30 30 100
Skipped/Ref 0 0 0 100

F19: Describes Biden: accomplishments

[Has a strong record of accomplishments as president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 119 15 15 15
Somewhat well 198 25 25 41
Not too well 171 22 22 62
Not at all well 294 38 38 100

F20: Describes Trump: too old

[Is too old to be president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 174 22 22 22
Somewhat well 231 30 30 52
Not too well 208 27 27 78
Not at all well 166 21 21 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

F21: Describes Trump: shares values

[Shares your values] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 165 21 21 21
Somewhat well 186 24 24 45
Not too well 94 12 12 57
Not at all well 337 43 43 100

F22: Describes Trump: understands problems

[Understands the problems of ordinary people] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 153 20 20 20
Somewhat well 187 24 24 43
Not too well 108 14 14 57
Not at all well 333 43 43 100

F23: Describes Trump: corrupt

[Has behaved corruptly] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 346 44 44 44
Somewhat well 133 17 17 61
Not too well 141 18 18 79
Not at all well 159 20 20 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

F24: Describes Trump: accomplishments

[Has a strong record of accomplishments as president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very well 248 32 32 32
Somewhat well 152 19 19 51
Not too well 125 16 16 67
Not at all well 255 33 33 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

F25: Trump after 2020 election

As you may know, Donald Trump has been indicted by the federal government concerning his actions following the 2020 vote. In connection with those actions, do you think Trump did something illegal, he did something wrong but not illegal, or do you think he didn’t do anything wrong?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Something illegal 406 52 52 52
Something wrong but not illegal 190 24 24 76
He didn't do anything wrong 185 24 24 100

F26: DOJ treatment of Trump

Do you think the Department of Justice’s treatment of Donald Trump is motivated by partisan politics, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Motivated by partisan politics 459 59 59 59
Is not motivated by partisan politics 319 41 41 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100
(Missing) 1 0 NA NA

F27: Biden & Hunter Biden

Related to his son’s business dealings, do you think Joe Biden did something illegal, he did something wrong but not illegal, or do you think he didn’t do anything wrong?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Something illegal 368 47 47 47
Something wrong but not illegal 214 27 27 74
He didn't do anything wrong 198 25 25 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

K1: abortion legality

Do you think abortion should be legal in all cases, legal in most cases, illegal in most cases, or illegal in all cases?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Legal in all cases 254 33 33 33
Legal in most cases 282 36 36 69
Illegal in most cases 196 25 25 94
Illegal in all cases 50 6 6 100

K2: personal importance of abortion

How important is the abortion issue to you--would you say it is one of the most important, somewhat important, not very important, or not important at all?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
One of the most important issues 339 43 43 43
Somewhat important 313 40 40 83
Not very important 108 14 14 97
Not important at all 21 3 3 100

P2: Ukraine support level

When it comes to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, do you think the United States is providing too much support to Ukraine, not enough support to Ukraine, or about the right amount of support to Ukraine?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Too much support 297 38 38 38
Not enough support 162 21 21 59
About the right amount of support 323 41 41 100

P1: US involvement in world affairs

Do you think it will be better for the future of the country if we take an active part in world affairs, or if we stay out of world affairs?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Take an active part in world affairs 476 61 61 61
Stay out of world affairs 305 39 39 100

P3: transgender sports participation

[Require that transgender athletes compete on teams that match the sex they were assigned at birth, not the gender they identify with] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 424 54 54 54
Somewhat favor 146 19 19 73
Somewhat oppose 127 16 16 89
Strongly oppose 84 11 11 100

P4: Biden impeachment

[The House of Representatives considering impeachment of Joe Biden] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 232 30 30 30
Somewhat favor 136 17 17 47
Somewhat oppose 134 17 17 64
Strongly oppose 280 36 36 100

P5: school vouchers

[Provide public funding for vouchers for K-12 students to attend private or religious schools] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 211 27 27 27
Somewhat favor 217 28 28 55
Somewhat oppose 152 19 19 74
Strongly oppose 202 26 26 100

P6: 15-week abortion ban

[Pass a national law banning abortion after 15 weeks of pregnancy] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 222 28 28 28
Somewhat favor 161 21 21 49
Somewhat oppose 149 19 19 68
Strongly oppose 248 32 32 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P7: licensed concealed handguns

Do you favor or oppose laws that allow most people to obtain a license to carry concealed handguns?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 263 34 34 34
Somewhat favor 215 28 28 61
Somewhat oppose 121 15 15 77
Strongly oppose 183 23 23 100

P8: illegal immigration

[Increase efforts to stop illegal immigration along the southern border] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor 400 51 51 51
Somewhat favor 212 27 27 78
Somewhat oppose 111 14 14 92
Strongly oppose 59 8 8 100

P9: Trump classified documents

Do you believe Donald Trump had top secret and other classified material or national security documents at his home in Mar-a-Lago in 2022?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 570 73 73 73
No 210 27 27 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

P10: 2020 vote count accuracy

How confident are you that, across the country, the votes for president were accurately cast and counted in [the 2020] election? Very confident, somewhat confident, not too confident, or not at all confident.
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very confident 312 40 40 40
Somewhat confident 159 20 20 60
Not too confident 159 20 20 81
Not at all confident 152 19 19 100

P11: Fav/Unfav: Black Lives Matter movement

Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the Black Lives Matter movement or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very favorable 141 18 18 18
Somewhat favorable 226 29 29 47
Somewhat unfavorable 129 17 17 64
Very unfavorable 236 30 30 94
Haven't heard enough 49 6 6 100

P12: racism in America today

How much of a problem do you think racism is in the country today?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
A very big problem 300 38 38 38
A moderately big problem 270 35 35 73
A small problem 185 24 24 97
Not a problem at all 26 3 3 100

P13: personal financial situation

Thinking about your family's financial situation, would you say you are living comfortably, just getting by, or struggling to make ends meet?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Living comfortably 292 37 37 37
Just getting by 355 45 45 83
Struggling 134 17 17 100

X1: Trust in government

How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right?...Just about always, most of the time, only some of the time, never?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Just about always 8 1 1 1
Most of the time 140 18 18 19
Only some of the time 497 64 64 83
Never 136 17 17 100

X2: Trust in others

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or most people can't be trusted?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Most people can be trusted 438 56 56 56
Most people can't be trusted 343 44 44 100

INT1: internet use

Do you use the internet or email, at least occasionally?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 781 100 100 100

Z3: religious service attendance

Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
More than once a week 45 6 6 6
Once a week 122 16 16 21
Once or twice a month 62 8 8 29
A few times a year 130 17 17 46
Seldom 199 25 25 71
Never 224 29 29 100

Z4: born-again or evangelical

Would you describe yourself as a "born-again" or evangelical Christian, or not?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes, would 237 30 30 30
No, would not 543 69 69 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

Z5: political ideology

Generally speaking, how would you describe your political views?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Very conservative 111 14 14 14
Somewhat conservative 195 25 25 39
Moderate 259 33 33 72
Somewhat liberal 127 16 16 89
Very liberal 87 11 11 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

Z6: talk to neighbors

During the last 12 months, how often did you talk with any of your neighbors?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Basically, every day 54 7 7 7
A few times a week 257 33 33 40
A few times a month 216 28 28 68
Once a month 68 9 9 76
Less than once a month 135 17 17 93
Not at all 51 7 7 100

Z7: volunteering

We are interested in volunteer activities for which people are not paid, except perhaps expenses.  In the last 12 months, have you done any volunteer activities through or for an organization?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Yes 218 28 28 28
No 564 72 72 100

Z8: Vote choice in 2020

Which presidential candidate did you vote for in 2020?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump 316 40 40 40
Joe Biden 364 47 47 87
Someone else 37 5 5 92
I did not vote in the 2020 presidential election 62 8 8 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

Z9: own or rent

Is your home owned or rented?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Owned 602 77 77 77
Rented 179 23 23 100

Z10: adults in household

Including yourself, how many adults age 18 or older are there living in your household?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
1 130 17 17 17
2 414 53 53 70
3 151 19 19 89
4 58 7 7 96
5 16 2 2 98
6 7 1 1 99
7 2 0 0 99
8 or more 2 0 0 100
Skipped/Ref 2 0 0 100

party ID, 5-cat

Party ID with leaners separate
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 273 35 35 35
Lean Republican 68 9 9 44
Independent 80 10 10 54
Lean Democrat 76 10 10 63
Democrat 286 37 37 100

party ID, leaners as partisans

Party ID with leaners included
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Republican 340 44 44 44
Independent 80 10 10 54
Democrat 361 46 46 100

gender

sex
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Male 382 49 49 49
Female 390 50 50 99
Another gender 4 0 0 99
Skipped/Ref 6 1 1 100

age

age, 4 categories
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
18-29 110 14 14 14
30-44 190 24 24 38
45-59 209 27 27 65
60+ 272 35 35 100

education

education - 5 categories
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Less than HS 67 9 9 9
HS graduate 206 26 26 35
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates 212 27 27 62
Bachelor's degree 136 17 17 80
Post grad study/professional degree 160 20 20 100

income

income recode
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Less than $30k 167 21 21 21
$30k to less than $50k 117 15 15 36
$50k to less than $75k 152 20 20 56
$75k to less than $100k 123 16 16 72
$100k or more 219 28 28 100
DK/NA/Ref 3 0 0 100

marital status

marital status
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Married 439 56 56 56
Widowed 37 5 5 61
Divorced 66 8 8 69
Separated 10 1 1 71
Single, never married 153 20 20 90
Single, cohabitating 74 9 9 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100

race/ethnicity

race and hispanic origin
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
White 497 64 64 64
Black 92 12 12 75
Hispanic 122 16 16 91
Other/Multiple 61 8 8 99
Skipped/Ref 10 1 1 100

religious affiliation

religious identification
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Born-again Protestant 186 24 24 24
Mainline Protestant 140 18 18 42
Roman Catholic 146 19 19 61
No religion 234 30 30 91
Other religion 72 9 9 100
Skipped/Ref 1 0 0 100
(Missing) 3 0 NA NA