Marquette Law School Supreme Court Poll November 2-7, 2023

Likely voters only

(Percentages are rounded to whole numbers for reporting of results. Frequencies have been rounded to whole numbers but percentages are calculated based on non-integer weighted sample sizes.)

Results for survey items among all likely voters are presented here (unless otherwise indicated). Please note that some questions are only asked of particular groups of respondents. In these instances, the row “NA’s” includes the number and percent of total respondents omitted from the question. These omitted cases are ignored when calculating the “Valid” and “Cumulative” percent columns.

A1: interest in politics

Some people seem to follow what's going on in politics most of the time, whether there's an election going on or not. Others aren't that interested. How often do you follow what's going on in politics…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Most of the time	313	52	52	52
Some of the time	219	36	36	89
Only now and then	57	9	9	98
Hardly at all	12	2	2	100

A2: voter registration

Are you registered to vote at your present address, or not?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	601	100	100	100

A2B: registration intention

Do you plan to register to vote, or is there a chance that you may not register?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
(Missing)	601	100	NA	NA

A3: voting intention

What are the chances that you will vote in the November 2024 general election for president, Congress, and other offices -- are you absolutely certain to vote, very likely to vote, are the chances 50-50, or don't you think you will vote?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Absolutely certain	601	100	100	100

A4: voting enthusiasm

How enthusiastic are you about voting in the elections in November 2024 for president and other offices? Would you say you are very, somewhat, not too, or not at all enthusiastic?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very enthusiastic	315	52	52	52
Somewhat enthusiastic	173	29	29	81
Not too enthusiastic	94	16	16	97
Not at all enthusiastic	19	3	3	100

Z1: Party ID

Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, or an Independent?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	223	37	37	37
Democrat	226	38	38	75
Independent	129	21	21	96
Other/No preference	23	4	4	100

Z2A: Party ID strenth

Would you call yourself a strong [Republican/Democrat] or a not very strong [Republican/Democrat]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strong	312	52	69	69
Not very strong	137	23	31	100
(Missing)	152	25	NA	NA

Z2B: Party ID lean

Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	66	11	43	43
Democratic	61	10	40	84
Neither	25	4	16	100
(Missing)	449	75	NA	NA

B1: GOP primary

Here are some candidates for the Republican presidential nomination. If the primary were today, whom would you vote for?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Doug Burgum	1	0	1	1
Chris Christie	1	0	0	1
Ron DeSantis	33	6	12	12
Nikki Haley	39	7	14	26
Vivek Ramaswamy	12	2	4	30
Tim Scott	7	1	2	33
Donald Trump	164	27	57	89
Undecided	31	5	11	100
(Missing)	312	52	NA	NA

B2: Trump vs DeSantis

If it were a choice between just the two of them, who would you prefer as the Republican nominee for president in 2024: [Donald Trump] or [Florida Governor Ron DeSantis]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Definitely Donald Trump	124	21	43	43
Probably Donald Trump	63	11	22	65
Probably Ron DeSantis	57	9	20	84
Definitely Ron DeSantis	45	8	16	100
(Missing)	312	52	NA	NA

B3: Trump vs Haley

If it were a choice between just the two of them, whom would you prefer as the Republican nominee for president in 2024: [Donald Trump] or [Former UN Ambassador Nikki Haley]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Definitely Donald Trump	126	21	44	44
Probably Donald Trump	75	13	26	70
Probably Nikki Haley	46	8	16	85
Definitely Nikki Haley	42	7	15	100
(Missing)	312	52	NA	NA

B4: Trump vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [Former President Donald Trump, the Republican] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat] would you vote for [Donald Trump] or for [Joe Biden]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump	268	45	45	45
Joe Biden	255	42	42	87
Someone else	76	13	13	100
Wouldn't vote	2	0	0	100

B4B: Trump vs Biden, lean

If you had to choose, would you vote for [Biden] or for [Trump]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Definitely Donald Trump	12	2	15	15
Probably Donald Trump	27	4	34	50
Probably Joe Biden	28	5	35	85
Definitely Joe Biden	12	2	15	100
(Missing)	523	87	NA	NA

B4: Trump vs Biden, with lean

[combination of i4i and preference in i4leani]
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump	307	51	51	51
Joe Biden	294	49	49	100

B5: DeSantis vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [Florida Governor Ron DeSantis, the Republican] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat] would you vote for [Ron DeSantis] or for [Joe Biden]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Ron DeSantis	257	43	43	43
Joe Biden	267	44	44	87
Someone else	71	12	12	99
Wouldn't vote	7	1	1	100

B5B: DeSantis vs Biden, lean

If you had to choose would you vote for [Biden] or for [DeSantis]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Definitely Ron DeSantis	18	3	24	24
Probably Ron DeSantis	34	6	44	68
Probably Joe Biden	18	3	24	91
Definitely Joe Biden	7	1	9	100
(Missing)	524	87	NA	NA

B5: DeSantis vs Biden, with lean

[combination of i5 and preference in i5lean]
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Ron DeSantis	309	51	51	51
Joe Biden	292	49	49	100

B6: Haley vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [former UN Ambassador Nikki Haley, the Republican,] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat,] would you vote for [Nikki Haley] or for [Joe Biden]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Nikki Haley	276	46	46	46
Joe Biden	241	40	40	86
Someone else	69	12	12	98
Wouldn't vote	15	2	2	100

B6B: Haley vs Biden, lean

If you had to choose would you vote for [Biden] or for [Haley]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Definitely Nikki Haley	15	3	18	18
Probably Nikki Haley	47	8	56	75
Probably Joe Biden	21	3	25	100
Definitely Joe Biden	0	0	0	100
(Missing)	517	86	NA	NA

B6: Haley vs Biden, with lean

If you had to choose would you vote for [Biden] or for [Haley]? (with leaners)
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Nikki Haley	339	56	56	56
Joe Biden	262	44	44	100

B7: RFJ, Jr. as independent

If Robert F. Kennedy Jr. is on the presidential ballot as an independent candidate how likely would you be to vote for him instead of the Democratic or Republican candidates?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Definitely vote for Kennedy	48	8	8	8
Probably vote for Kennedy	141	23	23	31
Probably not vote for Kennedy	166	28	28	59
Definitely not vote for Kennedy	246	41	41	100

C1: SCOTUS approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	63	10	10	10
Somewhat approve	208	35	35	45
Somewhat disapprove	174	29	29	74
Strongly disapprove	157	26	26	100

C1: SCOTUS approval (2-cat)

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	270	45	45	45
Disapprove	331	55	55	100

C2: Confidence in SCOTUS

[The US Supreme Court] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	51	8	8	8
Quite a lot	131	22	22	30
Some	211	35	35	65
Very little	143	24	24	89
None at all	65	11	11	100

C3: Confidence in Congress

[Congress] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	12	2	2	2
Quite a lot	45	8	8	10
Some	215	36	36	45
Very little	243	40	40	86
None at all	86	14	14	100

C4: Confidence in Presidency

[The Presidency] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	65	11	11	11
Quite a lot	117	20	20	30
Some	180	30	30	60
Very little	120	20	20	80
None at all	119	20	20	100

C5: Confidence in state Supreme Court

[Your state Supreme Court or highest court in your state] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	45	8	8	8
Quite a lot	164	27	27	35
Some	226	38	38	72
Very little	110	18	18	91
None at all	55	9	9	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

C6: Confidence in DOJ

[The U.S. Department of Justice] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	52	9	9	9
Quite a lot	138	23	23	31
Some	222	37	37	68
Very little	100	17	17	85
None at all	90	15	15	100
Skipped/Ref	0	0	0	100

C7: Confidence in juries

[Juries that decide guilt or innocence in criminal cases] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	60	10	10	10
Quite a lot	190	32	32	42
Some	255	42	42	84
Very little	66	11	11	95
None at all	30	5	5	100

C8: Justice nomination majority

What is your guess as to whether a majority of the current US Supreme Court Justices were appointed by Democratic or Republican presidents?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Definitely a majority appointed by Democratic presidents	16	3	3	3
Probably a majority appointed by Democratic presidents	73	12	12	15
Probably a majority appointed by Republican presidents	266	44	44	59
Definitely a majority appointed by Republican presidents	243	40	40	100
Skipped/Ref	3	0	0	100

C9: Heard about SCOTUS last month

Thinking about the last month only, how much have you heard or read about the U.S. Supreme Court?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	127	21	21	21
A little	374	62	62	83
Nothing at all	101	17	17	100

C10: Justice motivations

In general, what most often motivates Supreme Court justices’ decisions?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Mainly politics	303	50	50	50
Mainly the law	298	50	50	100

C11: Justice ethics/honesty

[U.S. Supreme Court Justices] Please tell me how you would rate the honesty and ethical standards of people in these different fields--very high, high, average, low, or very low?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very high	42	7	7	7
High	152	25	25	32
Average	224	37	37	70
Low	104	17	17	87
Very low	78	13	13	100

C12: Appoint vs. elect judges

Some states [appoint] state supreme court justices, and other states [elect] them. Do you think it is better to have state supreme court justices [appointed] or to have justices [elected]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Better to have justices be elected	397	66	66	66
Better to have justices be appointed	101	17	17	83
Don't know	103	17	17	100

C13: Favor/oppose same-sex marriage

In 2015 the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	274	46	46	46
Somewhat favor	123	20	20	66
Somewhat oppose	84	14	14	80
Strongly oppose	120	20	20	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

C14: Favor/oppose LGBT workplace protections

In 2020 the Supreme Court ruled that a federal civil rights law protects gay and transgender workers from workplace discrimination. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	352	59	59	59
Somewhat favor	157	26	26	85
Somewhat oppose	61	10	10	95
Strongly oppose	31	5	5	100

C15: Favor/oppose overturn Roe

[In 2022 the Supreme Court overturned Roe versus Wade, thus striking down the 1973 decision that made abortion legal in all 50 states.] How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	153	25	25	25
Somewhat favor	64	11	11	36
Somewhat oppose	86	14	14	50
Strongly oppose	298	50	50	100

C16: Favor/oppose expand 2nd Amendment to handguns

In 2022, the Supreme Court ruled that, subject to some restrictions, the Second Amendment protects an individual’s right to carry a handgun for self-defense outside the home. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	258	43	43	43
Somewhat favor	147	24	24	67
Somewhat oppose	119	20	20	87
Strongly oppose	76	13	13	100
Skipped/Ref	0	0	0	100

C17: Favor/oppose race in college admissions

In 2023, the Supreme Court ruled that colleges cannot use race as a factor in deciding which applicants to admit. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	348	58	58	58
Somewhat favor	119	20	20	78
Somewhat oppose	82	14	14	91
Strongly oppose	52	9	9	100

D1: Biden job approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	96	16	16	16
Somewhat approve	147	24	24	40
Somewhat disapprove	81	13	13	54
Strongly disapprove	278	46	46	100

D1: Biden job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	242	40	40	40
Disapprove	359	60	60	100

D2: Congress job approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	16	3	3	3
Somewhat approve	121	20	20	23
Somewhat disapprove	234	39	39	62
Strongly disapprove	230	38	38	100

D2: Congress job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	137	23	23	23
Disapprove	464	77	77	100

D3: Fav/unfav: Biden

[Joe Biden] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	112	19	19	19
Somewhat favorable	131	22	22	40
Somewhat unfavorable	67	11	11	52
Very unfavorable	286	48	48	99
Haven't heard enough	5	1	1	100

D4: Fav/unfav: Harris

[Kamala Harris] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	82	14	14	14
Somewhat favorable	123	20	20	34
Somewhat unfavorable	94	16	16	50
Very unfavorable	276	46	46	96
Haven't heard enough	25	4	4	100

D5: Fav/unfav: Kennedy, Jr.

[Robert F. Kennedy, Jr] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	34	6	6	6
Somewhat favorable	187	31	31	37
Somewhat unfavorable	99	16	16	53
Very unfavorable	147	24	24	78
Haven't heard enough	134	22	22	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D6: Fav/unfav: West

[Cornell West] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	14	2	2	2
Somewhat favorable	49	8	8	10
Somewhat unfavorable	53	9	9	19
Very unfavorable	78	13	13	32
Haven't heard enough	405	67	67	100
Skipped/Ref	3	0	0	100

D7: Fav/unfav: Burgum

[Doug Burgum] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	11	2	2	2
Somewhat favorable	39	7	7	8
Somewhat unfavorable	43	7	7	15
Very unfavorable	51	8	8	24
Haven't heard enough	457	76	76	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D8: Fav/unfav: Christie

[Chris Christie] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	24	4	4	4
Somewhat favorable	121	20	20	24
Somewhat unfavorable	165	27	27	52
Very unfavorable	189	31	31	83
Haven't heard enough	101	17	17	100

D9: Fav/unfav: DeSantis

[Ron DeSantis] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	80	13	13	13
Somewhat favorable	145	24	24	37
Somewhat unfavorable	72	12	12	49
Very unfavorable	260	43	43	93
Haven't heard enough	43	7	7	100
Skipped/Ref	2	0	0	100

D11: Fav/unfav: Haley

[Nikki Haley] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	79	13	13	13
Somewhat favorable	175	29	29	42
Somewhat unfavorable	105	17	17	60
Very unfavorable	91	15	15	75
Haven't heard enough	151	25	25	100

D12: Fav/unfav: Hutchinson

[Asa Hutchinson] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	9	2	2	2
Somewhat favorable	68	11	11	13
Somewhat unfavorable	70	12	12	25
Very unfavorable	64	11	11	35
Haven't heard enough	389	65	65	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D13: Fav/unfav: Pence

[Mike Pence] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	20	3	3	3
Somewhat favorable	148	25	25	28
Somewhat unfavorable	165	28	28	55
Very unfavorable	235	39	39	95
Haven't heard enough	33	5	5	100

D14: Fav/unfav: Ramaswamy

[Vivek Ramaswamy] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	42	7	7	7
Somewhat favorable	90	15	15	22
Somewhat unfavorable	83	14	14	36
Very unfavorable	157	26	26	62
Haven't heard enough	229	38	38	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D15: Fav/unfav: Scott

[Tim Scott] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	56	9	9	9
Somewhat favorable	108	18	18	27
Somewhat unfavorable	82	14	14	41
Very unfavorable	76	13	13	53
Haven't heard enough	277	46	46	100
Skipped/Ref	3	0	0	100

D16: Fav/unfav: Trump

[Donald Trump] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	145	24	24	24
Somewhat favorable	107	18	18	42
Somewhat unfavorable	36	6	6	48
Very unfavorable	306	51	51	99
Haven't heard enough	8	1	1	100

D17: Fav/unfav: Democratic Party

[The Democratic party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	105	17	17	17
Somewhat favorable	154	26	26	43
Somewhat unfavorable	95	16	16	59
Very unfavorable	233	39	39	98
Haven't heard enough	12	2	2	100
Skipped/Ref	0	0	0	100

D18: Fav/unfav: Republican Party

[The Republican party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	105	18	18	18
Somewhat favorable	168	28	28	45
Somewhat unfavorable	96	16	16	61
Very unfavorable	220	37	37	98
Haven't heard enough	12	2	2	100
Skipped/Ref	0	0	0	100

D19: Fav/unfav: Green Party

[The Green party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	20	3	3	3
Somewhat favorable	106	18	18	21
Somewhat unfavorable	106	18	18	39
Very unfavorable	114	19	19	58
Haven't heard enough	255	42	42	100
Skipped/Ref	0	0	0	100

D20: Fav/unfav: Libertarian Party

[The Libertarian party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	27	5	5	5
Somewhat favorable	144	24	24	29
Somewhat unfavorable	134	22	22	51
Very unfavorable	88	15	15	65
Haven't heard enough	207	34	34	100
Skipped/Ref	0	0	0	100

D21: Fav/unfav: No Labels political group

[The No Labels political group] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	10	2	2	2
Somewhat favorable	48	8	8	10
Somewhat unfavorable	58	10	10	19
Very unfavorable	49	8	8	27
Haven't heard enough	435	72	72	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

E1: State of the economy

How would you describe the state of the nation's economy these days?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Excellent	18	3	3	3
Good	163	27	27	30
Not so good	216	36	36	66
Poor	204	34	34	100

E2: Heard about Israel/Hamas war

[News about fighting between Israel and Hamas in Gaza?] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	524	87	87	87
A little	72	12	12	99
Nothing at all	5	1	1	100

E3: Heard about new Speaker

[The election of a new Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	400	67	67	67
A little	138	23	23	89
Nothing at all	63	11	11	100

E4: Heard about auto workers’ strike

[The auto workers strike against major car companies] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	341	57	57	57
A little	189	31	31	88
Nothing at all	71	12	12	100

E5: Heard about Sept. inflation

[News reports that consumer prices (inflation) rose by 3.7% over the past 12 months (as of September)] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	306	51	51	51
A little	219	36	36	87
Nothing at all	75	13	13	100

E6: Heard about Sept. unemployment

[News reports that the unemployment rate was 3.8% (as of September)] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	158	26	26	26
A little	293	49	49	75
Nothing at all	150	25	25	100

E7: Can House GOP unite?

Do you think the Republicans in the House of Representatives can unite to govern effectively, or were the divisions over the election of a Speaker of the House an indication that they cannot unite to govern effectively?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Can unite	223	37	37	37
Cannot unite	378	63	63	100

E8: US involvement in Israel/Hamas war

When it comes to Israel’s war with Hamas in Gaza, should the U.S. support Israel, support Hamas or not take a position?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Support Israel	355	59	59	59
Support Hamas	21	3	3	63
Not take a position	224	37	37	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

F1: SCOTUS ideology

[The US Supreme Court] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	155	26	26	26
Somewhat conservative	232	39	39	64
Moderate	168	28	28	92
Somewhat liberal	29	5	5	97
Very liberal	18	3	3	100

F2: Biden ideology

[Joe Biden] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	34	6	6	6
Somewhat conservative	30	5	5	11
Moderate	141	23	23	34
Somewhat liberal	146	24	24	58
Very liberal	250	42	42	100

F3: Trump ideology

[Donald Trump] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	313	52	52	52
Somewhat conservative	190	32	32	84
Moderate	55	9	9	93
Somewhat liberal	6	1	1	94
Very liberal	37	6	6	100

F5: Republican ideology

[The Republican party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	298	50	50	50
Somewhat conservative	196	33	33	82
Moderate	73	12	12	94
Somewhat liberal	19	3	3	97
Very liberal	15	3	3	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

F6: Democratic ideology

[The Democratic party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	30	5	5	5
Somewhat conservative	25	4	4	9
Moderate	105	18	18	27
Somewhat liberal	186	31	31	58
Very liberal	255	42	42	100

F7: Better at handling the economy

[The economy] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	201	33	33	33
Trump	311	52	52	85
Both about the same	27	4	4	90
Neither good	63	10	10	100

F8: Better at handling immigration/border

[Immigration and border security] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	171	29	29	29
Trump	305	51	51	79
Both about the same	32	5	5	85
Neither good	93	15	15	100

F9: Better at handling Israel/Hamas war

[Handling the war between Israel and Hamas in Gaza] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	206	34	34	34
Trump	263	44	44	78
Both about the same	49	8	8	86
Neither good	84	14	14	100

F10: Better at handling climate change

[Climate change] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	281	47	47	47
Trump	195	33	33	79
Both about the same	48	8	8	87
Neither good	77	13	13	100

F11: Better at handling foreign relations

[Foreign relations] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	248	41	41	41
Trump	265	44	44	85
Both about the same	26	4	4	90
Neither good	62	10	10	100

F12: Better at handling abortion policy

[Abortion policy] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	269	45	45	45
Trump	215	36	36	81
Both about the same	52	9	9	89
Neither good	64	11	11	100

F13: Better at handling medicare/social security

[Medicare & Social Security] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	248	41	41	41
Trump	239	40	40	81
Both about the same	46	8	8	89
Neither good	68	11	11	100

F14: Describes Biden: too old

[Is too old to be president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	345	57	57	57
Somewhat well	138	23	23	80
Not too well	44	7	7	88
Not at all well	72	12	12	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

F15: Describes Biden: shares values

[Shares your values] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	106	18	18	18
Somewhat well	157	26	26	44
Not too well	83	14	14	58
Not at all well	254	42	42	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

F16: Describes Biden: corrupt

[Has behaved corruptly] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	202	34	34	34
Somewhat well	89	15	15	48
Not too well	109	18	18	67
Not at all well	200	33	33	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

F17: Describes Biden: accomplishments

[Has a strong record of accomplishments as president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	124	21	21	21
Somewhat well	122	20	20	41
Not too well	107	18	18	59
Not at all well	247	41	41	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

F18: Describes Trump: too old

[Is too old to be president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	142	24	24	24
Somewhat well	161	27	27	50
Not too well	164	27	27	78
Not at all well	134	22	22	100
(Missing)	1	0	NA	NA

F19: Describes Trump: shares values

[Shares your values] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	126	21	21	21
Somewhat well	146	24	24	45
Not too well	48	8	8	53
Not at all well	282	47	47	100

F20: Describes Trump: corrupt

[Has behaved corruptly] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	291	48	49	49
Somewhat well	87	14	14	63
Not too well	114	19	19	82
Not at all well	109	18	18	100
(Missing)	1	0	NA	NA

F21: Describes Trump: accomplishments

[Has a strong record of accomplishments as president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	208	35	35	35
Somewhat well	104	17	17	52
Not too well	71	12	12	64
Not at all well	218	36	36	100

F22: DOJ treatment of Trump

Do you think the Department of Justice’s treatment of Donald Trump is motivated by partisan politics, or not?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Motivated by partisan politics	323	54	54	54
Is not motivated by partisan politics	278	46	46	100

F23: Trump after 2020

As you may know, Donald Trump has been indicted by the federal government concerning his actions following the 2020 vote. In connection with those actions, do you think Trump did something illegal, he did something wrong but not illegal, or do you think he didn’t do anything wrong?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Something illegal	317	53	53	53
Something wrong but not illegal	151	25	25	78
He didn't do anything wrong	133	22	22	100

F24: Biden & Hunter Biden

Related to his son’s business dealings, do you think Joe Biden did something illegal, he did something wrong but not illegal, or do you think he didn’t do anything wrong?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Something illegal	281	47	47	47
Something wrong but not illegal	160	27	27	73
He didn't do anything wrong	160	27	27	100

K1: abortion legality

Do you think abortion should be legal in all cases, legal in most cases, illegal in most cases, or illegal in all cases?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Legal in all cases	174	29	29	29
Legal in most cases	226	38	38	67
Illegal in most cases	149	25	25	91
Illegal in all cases	52	9	9	100

K2: personal importance of abortion

How important is the abortion issue to you--would you say it is one of the most important, somewhat important, not very important, or not important at all?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
One of the most important issues	251	42	42	42
Somewhat important	237	40	40	81
Not very important	90	15	15	96
Not important at all	23	4	4	100

P1: US involvement in world affairs

Do you think it will be better for the future of the country if we take an active part in world affairs, or if we stay out of world affairs?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Take an active part in world affairs	388	65	65	65
Stay out of world affairs	213	35	35	100

P2: Ukraine support level

When it comes to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, do you think the United States is providing too much support to Ukraine, not enough support to Ukraine, or about the right amount of support to Ukraine?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Too much support	227	38	38	38
Not enough support	131	22	22	60
About the right amount of support	243	40	40	100

P3: Israel support level

When it comes to Israel’s war with Hamas in Gaza, do you think the United States is providing too much support to Israel, not enough support to Israel, or about the right amount of support to Israel?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Too much support	147	24	24	24
Not enough support	116	19	19	44
About the right amount of support	239	40	40	84
98	98	16	16	100

P4: Trump classified material

Do you believe Donald Trump had top secret and other classified material or national security documents at his home in Mar-a-Lago in 2022?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	467	78	78	78
No	134	22	22	100

P5: Biden classified material

Do you believe Joe Biden had top secret and other classified material or national security documents at his home in Delaware in 2022?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	431	72	72	72
No	170	28	28	100

P6: 2020 vote count accuracy

How confident are you that, across the country, the votes for president were accurately cast and counted in [the 2020] election? Very confident, somewhat confident, not too confident, or not at all confident.
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very confident	248	41	41	41
Somewhat confident	104	17	17	58
Not too confident	120	20	20	78
Not at all confident	130	22	22	100

P7: Fav/Unfav: Black Lives Matter movement

Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the Black Lives Matter movement or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	105	18	18	18
Somewhat favorable	145	24	24	42
Somewhat unfavorable	90	15	15	57
Very unfavorable	222	37	37	94
Haven't heard enough	39	6	6	100

P8: racism in America today

How much of a problem do you think racism is in the country today?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A very big problem	236	39	39	39
A moderately big problem	201	33	33	73
A small problem	140	23	23	96
Not a problem at all	25	4	4	100

P9: personal financial situation

Thinking about your family's financial situation, would you say you are living comfortably, just getting by, or struggling to make ends meet?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Living comfortably	268	45	45	45
Just getting by	237	39	39	84
Struggling	96	16	16	100

X1: Trust in government

How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right?...Just about always, most of the time, only some of the time, never?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Just about always	4	1	1	1
Most of the time	122	20	20	21
Only some of the time	379	63	63	84
Never	96	16	16	100

X2: Trust in others

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or most people can't be trusted?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Most people can be trusted	372	62	62	62
Most people can't be trusted	227	38	38	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

INT1: internet use

Do you use the internet or email, at least occasionally?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	601	100	100	100

Z3: religious service attendance

Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
More than once a week	36	6	6	6
Once a week	118	20	20	25
Once or twice a month	51	8	8	34
A few times a year	98	16	16	50
Seldom	146	24	24	74
Never	154	26	26	100

Z4: born-again or evangelical

Would you describe yourself as a "born-again" or evangelical Christian, or not?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes, would	168	28	28	28
No, would not	433	72	72	100

Z5: political ideology

Generally speaking, how would you describe your political views?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	103	17	17	17
Somewhat conservative	143	24	24	41
Moderate	181	30	30	71
Somewhat liberal	124	21	21	92
Very liberal	50	8	8	100

Z6: talk to neighbors

During the last 12 months, how often did you talk with any of your neighbors?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Basically, every day	53	9	9	9
A few times a week	190	32	32	40
A few times a month	181	30	30	71
Once a month	59	10	10	80
Less than once a month	78	13	13	93
Not at all	40	7	7	100

Z7: volunteering

We are interested in volunteer activities for which people are not paid, except perhaps expenses.  In the last 12 months, have you done any volunteer activities through or for an organization?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	180	30	30	30
No	421	70	70	100

Z8: Vote choice in 2020

Which presidential candidate did you vote for in 2020?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump	269	45	45	45
Joe Biden	284	47	47	92
Someone else	28	5	5	97
I did not vote in the 2020 presidential election	20	3	3	100

Z9: own or rent

Is your home owned or rented?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Owned	491	82	82	82
Rented	110	18	18	100

Z10: adults in household

Including yourself, how many adults age 18 or older are there living in your household?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
1	107	18	18	18
2	347	58	58	76
3	78	13	13	89
4	51	8	8	97
5	13	2	2	99
6	2	0	0	100
7	2	0	0	100
8 or more	1	0	0	100

party ID, 5-cat

Party ID with leaners separate
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	223	37	37	37
Lean Republican	66	11	11	48
Independent	25	4	4	52
Lean Democrat	61	10	10	62
Democrat	226	38	38	100

party ID, leaners as partisans

Party ID with leaners included
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	289	48	48	48
Independent	25	4	4	52
Democrat	287	48	48	100

gender

sex
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Male	291	48	48	48
Female	300	50	50	98
Another gender	3	1	1	99
Skipped/Ref	7	1	1	100

age

age, 4 categories
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
18-29	69	11	11	11
30-44	128	21	21	33
45-59	160	27	27	59
60+	244	41	41	100

education

education - 5 categories
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Less than HS	32	5	5	5
HS graduate	143	24	24	29
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	168	28	28	57
Bachelor's degree	124	21	21	78
Post grad study/professional degree	132	22	22	100
(Missing)	2	0	NA	NA

income

income recode
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Less than $30k	99	17	17	17
$30k to less than $50k	86	14	14	31
$50k to less than $75k	119	20	20	51
$75k to less than $100k	98	16	16	67
$100k or more	198	33	33	100

marital status

marital status
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Married	355	59	59	59
Widowed	32	5	5	64
Divorced	39	6	6	71
Separated	11	2	2	73
Single, never married	96	16	16	89
Single, cohabitating	62	10	10	99
Skipped/Ref	7	1	1	100

race/ethnicity

race and hispanic origin
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
White	404	67	67	67
Black	59	10	10	77
Hispanic	94	16	16	93
Other/Multiple	39	7	7	99
Skipped/Ref	5	1	1	100

religious affiliation

religious identification
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Born-again Protestant	143	24	24	24
Mainline Protestant	124	21	21	45
Roman Catholic	99	17	17	61
No religion	142	24	24	85
Other religion	85	14	14	99
Skipped/Ref	7	1	1	100
(Missing)	1	0	NA	NA