#

Marquette Law School Supreme Court Poll March 18-28, 2024

Registered voters

(Percentages are rounded to whole numbers for reporting of results. Frequencies have been rounded to whole numbers but percentages are calculated based on non-integer weighted sample sizes.)

Results for survey items among registered voters are presented here (unless otherwise indicated). Please note that some questions are only asked of particular groups of respondents. In these instances, the row “NA’s” includes the number and percent of total respondents omitted from the question. These omitted cases are ignored when calculating the “Valid” and “Cumulative” percent columns.

A1: interest in politics

Some people seem to follow what's going on in politics most of the time, whether there's an election going on or not. Others aren't that interested. How often do you follow what's going on in politics…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Most of the time	336	43	43	43
Some of the time	291	37	37	80
Only now and then	107	14	14	94
Hardly at all	46	6	6	100

A2: voter registration

Are you registered to vote at your present address, or not?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	780	100	100	100

A2B: registration intention

Do you plan to register to vote, or is there a chance that you may not register?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
(Missing)	780	100	NA	NA

A3: voting intention

What are the chances that you will vote in the November 2024 general election for president, Congress, and other offices -- are you absolutely certain to vote, very likely to vote, are the chances 50-50, or don't you think you will vote?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Absolutely certain	614	79	79	79
Very Likely	112	14	14	93
Chances 50-50	49	6	6	99
Don't think will vote	5	1	1	100

A4: voting enthusiasm

How enthusiastic are you about voting in the elections in November 2024 for president and other offices? Would you say you are very, somewhat, not too, or not at all enthusiastic?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very enthusiastic	290	37	37	37
Somewhat enthusiastic	221	28	28	66
Not too enthusiastic	200	26	26	91
Not at all enthusiastic	68	9	9	100

B1: Trump vs Biden

If the 2024 election for president were held today between [Former President Donald Trump, the Republican] and [President Joe Biden, the Democrat] would you vote for [Donald Trump] or for [Joe Biden]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump	340	44	44	44
Joe Biden	324	42	42	85
Someone else	102	13	13	98
Wouldn't vote	14	2	2	100

B1B: Trump vs Biden, lean

If you had to choose, would you vote for [Biden] or for [Trump]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Definitely Donald Trump	7	1	6	6
Probably Donald Trump	40	5	35	40
Probably Joe Biden	54	7	47	87
Definitely Joe Biden	15	2	13	100
Skipped/Ref	0	0	0	100
(Missing)	664	85	NA	NA

B1: Trump vs Biden, with lean

[combination of i4i and preference in i4leani]
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump	387	50	50	50
Joe Biden	393	50	50	100
Someone else	0	0	0	100

B2: Ballot w/3rd parties

If the presidential ballot included additional candidates, would you vote for [Democrat Joe Biden], [Republican Donald Trump], [independent Robert F. Kennedy Jr], [independent Cornel
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Democrat, Joe Biden	298	38	38	38
Republican, Donald Trump	316	41	41	79
Independent Robert F. Kennedy Jr.	111	14	14	93
Independent Cornel West	36	5	5	98
The Green Party's Jill Stein	18	2	2	100
Web blank	1	0	0	100

B3: Congressional generic ballot

If the elections were held today for US Congress in your state, would you be more likely to vote for the [Republican candidate] or the [Democratic candidate]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
The Republican candidate	404	52	52	52
The Democratic candidate	376	48	48	100
Skipped/Ref	0	0	0	100

C1: SCOTUS approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	62	8	8	8
Somewhat approve	306	39	39	47
Somewhat disapprove	236	30	30	78
Strongly disapprove	175	22	22	100

C1: SCOTUS approval (2-cat)

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	369	47	47	47
Disapprove	411	53	53	100

C2: Confidence in SCOTUS

[The US Supreme Court] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	70	9	9	9
Quite a lot	157	20	20	29
Some	298	38	38	67
Very little	176	23	23	90
None at all	79	10	10	100

C3: Confidence in Congress

[Congress] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	23	3	3	3
Quite a lot	59	8	8	11
Some	279	36	36	46
Very little	318	41	41	87
None at all	101	13	13	100

C4: Confidence in Presidency

[The Presidency] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	72	9	9	9
Quite a lot	158	20	20	30
Some	244	31	31	61
Very little	179	23	23	84
None at all	127	16	16	100

C5: Confidence in DOJ

[The U.S. Department of Justice] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	47	6	6	6
Quite a lot	170	22	22	28
Some	292	37	37	65
Very little	177	23	23	88
None at all	94	12	12	100

C6: Confidence in juries

[Juries that decide guilt or innocence in criminal cases] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	86	11	11	11
Quite a lot	240	31	31	42
Some	346	44	44	86
Very little	81	10	10	97
None at all	27	3	3	100

C7: Justice nomination majority

What is your guess as to whether a majority of the current US Supreme Court Justices were appointed by Democratic or Republican presidents?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Definitely a majority appointed by Democratic presidents	30	4	4	4
Probably a majority appointed by Democratic presidents	152	20	20	23
Probably a majority appointed by Republican presidents	317	41	41	64
Definitely a majority appointed by Republican presidents	281	36	36	100

C8: Heard about SCOTUS last month

Thinking about the last month only, how much have you heard or read about the U.S. Supreme Court?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	276	35	35	35
A little	393	50	50	86
Nothing at all	111	14	14	100

C9: Justice motivations

In general, what most often motivates Supreme Court justices’ decisions?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Mainly politics	393	50	50	50
Mainly the law	387	50	50	100

C10A: Trump insurrection ruling, v1

On March 4, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously that states cannot bar Donald Trump from election ballots based on the 14th Amendment’s insurrection clause. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	143	18	36	36
Somewhat favor	71	9	18	55
Somewhat oppose	76	10	19	74
Strongly oppose	102	13	26	100
(Missing)	387	50	NA	NA

C10B: Trump insurrection ruling, v2

On March 4, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states cannot bar Donald Trump from election ballots based on the 14th Amendment’s insurrection clause. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	169	22	44	44
Somewhat favor	47	6	12	56
Somewhat oppose	49	6	13	68
Strongly oppose	90	12	23	92
Don't know	32	4	8	100
(Missing)	393	50	NA	NA

C11A: Presidential immunity, v1

The U.S. Supreme Court is considering a case concerning whether former presidents have immunity from criminal prosecution for official actions while in office. Which comes closer to your view?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Former presidents should be immune from criminal prosecution for their official acts	73	9	19	19
Former presidents should not have immunity from criminal prosecution for their official acts	246	31	64	83
Don't know	65	8	17	100
(Missing)	396	51	NA	NA

C11B: Presidential immunity, v2

The U.S. Supreme Court is considering a case concerning whether former President Donald Trump has immunity from criminal prosecution for official actions while president. Which comes closer to your view?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Former President Trump should be immune from criminal prosecution for his official acts	113	15	29	29
Former President Trump should not have immunity from criminal prosecution for his official acts	234	30	59	88
Don't know	49	6	12	100
(Missing)	384	49	NA	NA

C12: Domestic violence gun ban

The U.S. Supreme Court is considering a case concerning the constitutionality of a federal law that prohibits people subject to domestic violence restraining orders from possessing firearms. Which comes closer to your view?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
The Court should uphold the law prohibiting gun possession by those subject to restraining orders	581	75	75	75
The Court should strike down the law as a violation of the Second Amendment right to bear arms	119	15	15	90
Don't know	79	10	10	100

C13: Mifepristone restrictions

The U.S. Supreme Court is reviewing a lower court decision that would significantly restrict (but not eliminate altogether) access to a drug used in medication abortions, mifepristone. Which comes closer to your view?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
The Court should rule to keep the current access to the medication abortion drug, thus overturning the lower court decis	467	60	60	60
The Court should rule that the lower court was correct in its decision, thus restricting access to the medication aborti	201	26	26	86
Don't know	112	14	14	100

C14: Social media regulations

The U.S. Supreme Court is considering a case concerning laws that regulate how large social media companies like Facebook and YouTube control content posted on their sites. Which comes closer to your view?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
The Court should rule that the companies have a First Amendment right to make decisions about what content may be presen	363	47	47	47
The Court should rule that the companies cannot decide what views users may express on the sites	294	38	38	84
Don't know	123	16	16	100

D1: Biden job approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	96	12	12	12
Somewhat approve	212	27	27	40
Somewhat disapprove	113	14	14	54
Strongly disapprove	358	46	46	100

D1: Biden job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	309	40	40	40
Disapprove	471	60	60	100

D2: Congress job approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	9	1	1	1
Somewhat approve	204	26	26	27
Somewhat disapprove	312	40	40	67
Strongly disapprove	254	33	33	100

D2: Congress job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Congress is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	214	27	27	27
Disapprove	566	73	73	100

D3: Trump job approval, 4-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump handled his job when he was president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	198	25	25	25
Somewhat approve	170	22	22	47
Somewhat disapprove	97	12	12	60
Strongly disapprove	314	40	40	100

D3: Trump job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump handled his job when he was president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	368	47	47	47
Disapprove	412	53	53	100

D3A: Fav/unfav: Biden

[Joe Biden] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	111	14	14	14
Somewhat favorable	201	26	26	40
Somewhat unfavorable	102	13	13	53
Very unfavorable	363	47	47	99
Haven't heard enough	4	1	1	100

D4: Fav/unfav: Harris

[Kamala Harris] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	84	11	11	11
Somewhat favorable	189	24	24	35
Somewhat unfavorable	109	14	14	49
Very unfavorable	356	46	46	95
Haven't heard enough	41	5	5	100
Skipped/Ref	0	0	0	100

D5: Fav/unfav: Kennedy, Jr.

[Robert F. Kennedy, Jr] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	33	4	4	4
Somewhat favorable	204	26	26	30
Somewhat unfavorable	140	18	18	48
Very unfavorable	166	21	21	70
Haven't heard enough	236	30	30	100

D6: Fav/unfav: West

[Cornell West] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	9	1	1	1
Somewhat favorable	86	11	11	12
Somewhat unfavorable	70	9	9	21
Very unfavorable	69	9	9	30
Haven't heard enough	546	70	70	100

D7: Fav/unfav: Haley

[Nikki Haley] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	40	5	5	5
Somewhat favorable	182	23	23	28
Somewhat unfavorable	239	31	31	59
Very unfavorable	143	18	18	77
Haven't heard enough	176	23	23	100

D8: Fav/unfav: Trump

[Donald Trump] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	175	22	22	22
Somewhat favorable	160	21	21	43
Somewhat unfavorable	80	10	10	53
Very unfavorable	358	46	46	99
Haven't heard enough	7	1	1	100

D9: Fav/unfav: Democratic Party

[The Democratic party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	94	12	12	12
Somewhat favorable	220	28	28	40
Somewhat unfavorable	190	24	24	65
Very unfavorable	260	33	33	98
Haven't heard enough	16	2	2	100

D10: Fav/unfav: Republican Party

[The Republican party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	96	12	12	12
Somewhat favorable	238	30	30	43
Somewhat unfavorable	145	19	19	61
Very unfavorable	281	36	36	97
Haven't heard enough	21	3	3	100

D11: Fav/unfav: BLM Movement

Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the Black Lives Matter movement or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	135	17	17	17
Somewhat favorable	228	29	29	47
Somewhat unfavorable	125	16	16	63
Very unfavorable	265	34	34	97
Haven't heard enough	27	3	3	100

D12: Fav/unfav: MAGA Movement

[The MAGA (Make America Great Again) movement] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following groups and organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	139	18	18	18
Somewhat favorable	149	19	19	37
Somewhat unfavorable	87	11	11	48
Very unfavorable	364	47	47	95
Haven't heard enough	41	5	5	100

D14: Biden cease-fire efforts

Has Joe Biden been working to negotiate a cease-fire agreement between Israel and Hamas, or has he not been working to negotiate a cease-fire agreement?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Has been working to negotiate a cease-fire	368	47	47	47
Has not been working to negotiate a cease-fire	192	25	25	72
Don't know	220	28	28	100

D15A: Undocumented immigration, v1

Which comes closest to your view about undocumented immigrants who are currently working in the U.S.?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
They should be allowed to stay in their jobs and to eventually apply for U.S. citizenship	168	21	41	41
They should be allowed to stay in their jobs only as temporary guest workers but not to apply for U.S. citizenship	101	13	25	66
They should be required to leave their jobs and leave the U.S.	139	18	34	100
(Missing)	372	48	NA	NA

D15B: Undocumented immigration, v2

Which comes closest to your view about undocumented immigrants who are currently living in the U.S.?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
They should be allowed to stay in the U.S. and to eventually apply for U.S. citizenship	173	22	47	47
They should be allowed to stay in the U.S. temporarily but not to apply for U.S. citizenship	42	5	11	58
They should be required to leave the U.S.	156	20	42	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100
(Missing)	408	52	NA	NA

E1: State of the economy

How would you describe the state of the nation's economy these days?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Excellent	40	5	5	5
Good	217	28	28	33
Not so good	300	38	38	71
Poor	223	29	29	100

E2: Heard about State of the Union

[President Joe Biden’s State of the Union address to Congress on March 7] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	299	38	38	38
A little	342	44	44	82
Nothing at all	139	18	18	100

E3: Heard about SotU Response

[Senator Katie Britt’s Republican response to the State of the Union address to Congress on March 7] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	180	23	23	23
A little	258	33	33	56
Nothing at all	342	44	44	100

E4: Heard about Super Tuesday

[The results of the Super Tuesday primaries on March 5] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	258	33	33	33
A little	353	45	45	78
Nothing at all	169	22	22	100

E5: Heard about Trump court case

[A New York court’s decision finding Donald Trump liable for conspiring to manipulate his net worth and ordering him to pay a penalty of nearly $355 million plus interest] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	464	59	59	59
A little	222	28	28	88
Nothing at all	94	12	12	100

E6: Heard about inflation

[News reports that consumer prices (inflation) rose by 3.2% over the past 12 months (as of February)] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	336	43	43	43
A little	357	46	46	89
Nothing at all	87	11	11	100

E7: Heard about unemployment

[News reports that the unemployment rate was 3.9% (as of February)] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	169	22	22	22
A little	417	53	53	75
Nothing at all	194	25	25	100

F1: SCOTUS ideology

[The US Supreme Court] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	209	27	27	27
Somewhat conservative	258	33	33	60
Moderate	237	30	30	90
Somewhat liberal	58	7	7	98
Very liberal	18	2	2	100

F2: Biden ideology

[Joe Biden] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	28	4	4	4
Somewhat conservative	44	6	6	9
Moderate	211	27	27	36
Somewhat liberal	198	25	25	62
Very liberal	298	38	38	100

F3: Trump ideology

[Donald Trump] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	342	44	44	44
Somewhat conservative	267	34	34	78
Moderate	98	13	13	91
Somewhat liberal	26	3	3	94
Very liberal	47	6	6	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

F4: Republican ideology

[The Republican party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	365	47	47	47
Somewhat conservative	239	31	31	77
Moderate	115	15	15	92
Somewhat liberal	41	5	5	97
Very liberal	21	3	3	100

F5: Democratic ideology

[The Democratic party] In general, would you describe each of the following as…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	33	4	4	4
Somewhat conservative	48	6	6	10
Moderate	170	22	22	32
Somewhat liberal	215	28	28	60
Very liberal	314	40	40	100

F6: Better at handling the economy

[The economy] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	247	32	32	32
Trump	398	51	51	83
Both about the same	68	9	9	91
Neither good	67	9	9	100

F7: Better at handling immigration/border

[Immigration and border security] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	209	27	27	27
Trump	424	54	54	81
Both about the same	52	7	7	88
Neither good	95	12	12	100

F8: Better at handling Israel/Hamas war

[Handling the war between Israel and Hamas in Gaza] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	252	32	32	32
Trump	327	42	42	74
Both about the same	66	9	9	83
Neither good	135	17	17	100

F9: Better at handling healthcare

[Healthcare] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	308	40	40	40
Trump	269	34	34	74
Both about the same	104	13	13	87
Neither good	99	13	13	100

F10: Better at handling foreign relations

[Foreign relations] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	303	39	39	39
Trump	321	41	41	80
Both about the same	59	8	8	88
Neither good	97	12	12	100

F11: Better at handling abortion policy

[Abortion policy] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	328	42	42	42
Trump	261	33	33	75
Both about the same	77	10	10	85
Neither good	114	15	15	100

F12: Better at handling medicare/social security

[Medicare & Social Security] Do you think Joe Biden or Donald Trump would do a better job handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Biden	308	39	39	39
Trump	284	36	36	76
Both about the same	106	14	14	89
Neither good	83	11	11	100

F13: Describes Biden: too old

[Is too old to be president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	427	55	55	55
Somewhat well	175	22	22	77
Not too well	100	13	13	90
Not at all well	78	10	10	100

F14: Describes Biden: shares values

[Shares your values] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	117	15	15	15
Somewhat well	221	28	28	43
Not too well	139	18	18	61
Not at all well	302	39	39	100

F15: Describes Biden: corrupt

[Has behaved corruptly] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	224	29	29	29
Somewhat well	139	18	18	46
Not too well	182	23	23	70
Not at all well	236	30	30	100

F16: Describes Biden: accomplishments

[Has a strong record of accomplishments as president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	136	17	17	17
Somewhat well	190	24	24	42
Not too well	160	20	20	62
Not at all well	294	38	38	100

F17: Describes Biden: right temperament

[Has the right temperament to be president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Joe Biden?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	190	24	24	24
Somewhat well	210	27	27	51
Not too well	124	16	16	67
Not at all well	257	33	33	100

F18: Describes Trump: too old

[Is too old to be president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	176	23	23	23
Somewhat well	228	29	29	52
Not too well	206	26	26	78
Not at all well	170	22	22	100

F19: Describes Trump: shares values

[Shares your values] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	135	17	17	17
Somewhat well	220	28	28	45
Not too well	91	12	12	57
Not at all well	335	43	43	100

F20: Describes Trump: corrupt

[Has behaved corruptly] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	326	42	42	42
Somewhat well	160	21	21	62
Not too well	145	19	19	81
Not at all well	149	19	19	100

F21: Describes Trump: accomplishments

[Has a strong record of accomplishments as president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	221	28	28	28
Somewhat well	183	23	23	52
Not too well	145	19	19	70
Not at all well	232	30	30	100

F22: Describes Trump: right temperament

[Has the right temperament to be president] How well does each of the following phrases describe Donald Trump?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very well	114	15	15	15
Somewhat well	167	21	21	36
Not too well	130	17	17	53
Not at all well	370	47	47	100

F23: Trump after 2020

As you may know, Donald Trump has been indicted by the federal government concerning his actions following the 2020 vote. In connection with those actions, do you think Trump did something illegal, he did something wrong but not illegal, or do you think he didn’t do anything wrong?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Something illegal	395	51	51	51
Something wrong but not illegal	214	27	27	78
He didn't do anything wrong	172	22	22	100

F24: Biden & Hunter Biden

Related to his son’s business dealings, do you think Joe Biden did something illegal, he did something wrong but not illegal, or do you think he didn’t do anything wrong?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Something illegal	338	43	43	43
Something wrong but not illegal	232	30	30	73
He didn't do anything wrong	211	27	27	100

K1: abortion legality

Do you think abortion should be legal in all cases, legal in most cases, illegal in most cases, or illegal in all cases?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Legal in all cases	245	31	31	31
Legal in most cases	301	39	39	70
Illegal in most cases	190	24	24	94
Illegal in all cases	44	6	6	100

K2: abortion out-of-state prescription

Should a state be able to make it illegal for a woman to get and fill a prescription from out-of-state providers for medication that will induce an abortion, sometimes called “medication abortion” or “abortion pills”?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	262	34	34	34
No	518	66	66	100

K3: Biden border policies

Do you agree or disagree that the Biden administration’s border policies have created a crisis of uncontrolled illegal migration into the country?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly agree	369	47	47	47
Somewhat agree	171	22	22	69
Somewhat disagree	125	16	16	85
Strongly disagree	115	15	15	100

K4: Undocumented immigrant policy

Do you favor or oppose deporting immigrants who are living in the United States illegally back to their home countries?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	283	36	36	36
Somewhat favor	206	26	26	63
Somewhat oppose	198	25	25	88
Strongly oppose	93	12	12	100

P1: US involvement in world affairs

Do you think it will be better for the future of the country if we take an active part in world affairs, or if we stay out of world affairs?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Take an active part in world affairs	474	61	61	61
Stay out of world affairs	306	39	39	100

P2: Ukraine support level

When it comes to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, do you think the United States is providing too much support to Ukraine, not enough support to Ukraine, or about the right amount of support to Ukraine?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Too much support	280	36	36	36
Not enough support	250	32	32	68
About the right amount of support	249	32	32	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

P3: Israel support level

When it comes to Israel’s war with Hamas in Gaza, do you think the United States is providing too much support to Israel, not enough support to Israel, or about the right amount of support to Israel?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Too much support	289	37	37	37
Not enough support	187	24	24	61
About the right amount of support	303	39	39	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

P4: Racism today

How much of a problem do you think racism is in the country today?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A very big problem	253	32	32	32
A moderately big problem	300	38	38	71
A small problem	205	26	26	97
Not a problem at all	22	3	3	100

P5: Reverse racism

How much do you agree or disagree with the following statement: “Discrimination against White people has become as big a problem as discrimination against Black people and other minorities.”
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly agree	187	24	24	24
Somewhat agree	221	28	28	52
Somewhat disagree	128	16	16	69
Strongly disagree	243	31	31	100
Web blank	1	0	0	100

P6: personal financial situation

Thinking about your family's financial situation, would you say you are living comfortably, just getting by, or struggling to make ends meet?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Living comfortably	358	46	46	46
Just getting by	298	38	38	84
Struggling	124	16	16	100

X1: Trust in government

How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right?...Just about always, most of the time, only some of the time, never?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Just about always	11	1	1	1
Most of the time	112	14	14	16
Only some of the time	517	66	66	82
Never	141	18	18	100

X2: Trust in others

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or most people can't be trusted?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Most people can be trusted	428	55	55	55
Most people can't be trusted	352	45	45	100

INT1: internet use

Do you use the internet or email, at least occasionally?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	780	100	100	100

INTFREQ: internet frequency

About how often do you use the internet?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Almost constantly	298	38	38	38
Several times a day	420	54	54	92
About once a day	34	4	4	96
Several times a week	23	3	3	99
Less often	5	1	1	100

Z1: Party ID

Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, or an Independent?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	276	35	35	35
Democrat	226	29	29	64
Independent	204	26	26	91
Other/No preference	74	9	9	100

Z2A: Party ID strenth

Would you call yourself a strong [Republican/Democrat] or a not very strong [Republican/Democrat]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strong	314	40	63	63
Not very strong	188	24	37	100
(Missing)	278	36	NA	NA

Z2B: Party ID lean

Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	98	13	35	35
Democratic	111	14	40	75
Neither	69	9	25	100
(Missing)	502	64	NA	NA

Z3: religious service attendance

Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
More than once a week	60	8	8	8
Once a week	114	15	15	22
Once or twice a month	68	9	9	31
A few times a year	128	16	16	47
Seldom	216	28	28	75
Never	194	25	25	100

Z4: born-again or evangelical

Would you describe yourself as a "born-again" or evangelical Christian, or not?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes, would	208	27	27	27
No, would not	572	73	73	100

Z5: political ideology

Generally speaking, how would you describe your political views?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	87	11	11	11
Somewhat conservative	224	29	29	40
Moderate	273	35	35	75
Somewhat liberal	125	16	16	91
Very liberal	71	9	9	100
Skipped/Ref	0	0	0	100

Z6: talk to neighbors

During the last 12 months, how often did you talk with any of your neighbors?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Basically, every day	67	9	9	9
A few times a week	224	29	29	37
A few times a month	236	30	30	68
Once a month	78	10	10	78
Less than once a month	113	15	15	92
Not at all	62	8	8	100

Z7: volunteering

We are interested in volunteer activities for which people are not paid, except perhaps expenses.  In the last 12 months, have you done any volunteer activities through or for an organization?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	207	27	27	27
No	573	73	73	100

GE2020: 2020 vote

Did you vote in the general election in 2020?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes, did vote in the 2020 general election	718	92	92	92
No, did not vote in the 2020 general election	62	8	8	100

Z8: Vote choice in 2020

Which presidential candidate did you vote for in 2020?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump	328	42	46	46
Joe Biden	360	46	50	96
Jo Jorgensen	9	1	1	97
Howie Hawkins	3	0	0	98
Another candidate	15	2	2	100
Did not vote in that election	3	0	0	100
(Missing)	62	8	NA	NA

Z9: own or rent

Is your home owned or rented?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Owned	597	77	77	77
Rented	183	23	23	100

Z10: adults in household

Including yourself, how many adults age 18 or older are there living in your household?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
1	132	17	17	17
2	422	54	54	71
3	124	16	16	87
4	66	9	9	95
5	19	2	2	98
6	7	1	1	99
7	8	1	1	100
8 or more	2	0	0	100

party ID, 5-cat

Party ID with leaners separate
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	276	35	35	35
Lean Republican	98	13	13	48
Independent	69	9	9	57
Lean Democrat	111	14	14	71
Democrat	226	29	29	100

party ID, leaners as partisans

Party ID with leaners included
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	373	48	48	48
Independent	69	9	9	57
Democrat	337	43	43	100

gender

sex
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Male	364	47	47	47
Female	397	51	51	98
Another gender	9	1	1	99
Skipped/Ref	10	1	1	100

age

age, 4 categories
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
18-29	109	14	14	14
30-44	194	25	25	39
45-59	187	24	24	63
60+	290	37	37	100

education

education - 5 categories
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Less than HS	60	8	8	8
HS graduate	189	24	24	32
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	218	28	28	60
Bachelor's degree	171	22	22	82
Post grad study/professional degree	139	18	18	100
(Missing)	3	0	NA	NA

income

income recode
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Less than $30k	159	20	20	20
$30k to less than $50k	125	16	16	36
$50k to less than $75k	130	17	17	53
$75k to less than $100k	125	16	16	69
$100k or more	239	31	31	100
DK/NA/Ref	2	0	0	100

marital status

marital status
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Married	434	56	56	56
Widowed	32	4	4	60
Divorced	69	9	9	69
Separated	7	1	1	69
Single, never married	159	20	20	90
Single, cohabitating	77	10	10	100
Skipped/Ref	2	0	0	100

race/ethnicity

race and hispanic origin
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
White	511	66	66	66
Black	92	12	12	77
Hispanic	105	13	13	91
Other/Multiple	65	8	8	99
Skipped/Ref	8	1	1	100

religious affiliation

religious identification
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Born-again Protestant	163	21	21	21
Mainline Protestant	136	17	17	38
Roman Catholic	157	20	20	58
No religion	211	27	27	86
Other religion	112	14	14	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100