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Marquette Law School Supreme Court Poll December 2 - 11, 2024

(Percentages are rounded to whole numbers for reporting of results. Frequencies have been rounded to whole numbers but percentages are calculated based on non-integer weighted sample sizes.)

Results for survey items among all respondents are presented here (unless otherwise indicated). Please note that some questions are only asked of particular groups of respondents. In these instances, the row “NA’s” includes the number and percent of total respondents omitted from the question. These omitted cases are ignored when calculating the “Valid” and “Cumulative” percent columns.

A1: interest in politics

Some people seem to follow what's going on in politics most of the time, whether there's an election going on or not. Others aren't that interested. How often do you follow what's going on in politics…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Most of the time	489	46	46	46
Some of the time	412	39	39	85
Only now and then	117	11	11	96
Hardly at all	44	4	4	100
(Missing)	1	0	NA	NA

A2: voter registration

Are you registered to vote at your present address, or not?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	809	76	76	76
No	254	24	24	100

B1: 2024 vote choice

In the 2024 election for president did you vote for…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Kamala Harris	385	36	36	36
Donald Trump	404	38	38	74
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.	5	1	1	75
Chase Oliver	6	1	1	75
Jill Stein	4	0	0	76
Someone else	14	1	1	77
Did not vote	244	23	23	100

C1: SCOTUS approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	112	11	11	11
Somewhat approve	402	38	38	48
Somewhat disapprove	325	31	31	79
Strongly disapprove	225	21	21	100

C1: SCOTUS approval (2-cat)

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	513	48	48	48
Disapprove	550	52	52	100

C2: Confidence in SCOTUS

[The US Supreme Court] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	79	7	7	7
Quite a lot	201	19	19	26
Some	377	35	35	62
Very little	296	28	28	90
None at all	110	10	10	100

C3: Confidence in Congress

[Congress] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	35	3	3	3
Quite a lot	86	8	8	11
Some	444	42	42	53
Very little	381	36	36	89
None at all	116	11	11	100

C4: Confidence in Presidency

[The Presidency] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	92	9	9	9
Quite a lot	173	16	16	25
Some	365	34	34	59
Very little	299	28	28	87
None at all	133	13	13	100

C5: Confidence in national news media

[The national news media] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	46	4	4	4
Quite a lot	104	10	10	14
Some	282	27	27	41
Very little	334	31	31	72
None at all	297	28	28	100

C6: Confidence in the Secret Service

[The U.S. Secret Service] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	102	10	10	10
Quite a lot	245	23	23	33
Some	420	39	39	72
Very little	222	21	21	93
None at all	73	7	7	100

C7: Confidence in the DoJ

[The U.S. Department of Justice] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	62	6	6	6
Quite a lot	195	18	18	24
Some	440	41	41	66
Very little	252	24	24	89
None at all	112	11	11	100
Skipped/Ref	2	0	0	100

C8: Confidence in the FBI

[The FBI] Here is a list of institutions in American society. How much confidence do you have in each one?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	95	9	9	9
Quite a lot	250	24	24	32
Some	403	38	38	70
Very little	203	19	19	89
None at all	113	11	11	100

C9: Justice nomination majority

What is your guess as to whether a majority of the current US Supreme Court Justices were appointed by Democratic or Republican presidents?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Definitely a majority appointed by Democratic presidents	43	4	4	4
Probably a majority appointed by Democratic presidents	181	17	17	21
Probably a majority appointed by Republican presidents	439	41	41	62
Definitely a majority appointed by Republican presidents	398	37	37	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

C10: Heard about SCOTUS last month

Thinking about the last month only, how much have you heard or read about the U.S. Supreme Court?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	186	17	17	17
A little	682	64	64	82
Nothing at all	195	18	18	100

C11: Justice motivations

In general, what most often motivates Supreme Court justices’ decisions?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Mainly politics	553	52	52	52
Mainly the law	510	48	48	100

C12: Justice ethical standards

[U.S. Supreme Court Justices] Please tell me how you would rate the honesty and ethical standards of people in these different fields--very high, high, average, low, or very low?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very high	68	6	6	6
High	193	18	18	25
Average	447	42	42	67
Low	236	22	22	89
Very low	119	11	11	100

C13: Can President ignore SCOTUS?

If the Supreme Court rules against the president in a case, does the president have the power to ignore that ruling, or is the president required to do as the ruling says?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
The president has the power to ignore the ruling	224	21	21	21
The president is required to do as the ruling says	838	79	79	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

C14: Judicial review

Does the Supreme Court have the power to review laws passed by Congress and to declare them invalid if they conflict with the Constitution?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes, the Supreme Court has this power	887	83	83	83
No, the Supreme Court does not have this power	175	16	16	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

C15: Presidential power to make laws

When Congress fails to act, should the president have the power to make laws on his own?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes, president should be able to make laws	229	22	22	22
No, president should not be able to make laws	833	78	78	100
refused	1	0	0	100

C16: Personal importance of next justice

How important is the choice of the next Supreme Court justice to you personally?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very important	496	47	47	47
Somewhat important	419	39	39	86
Not too important	121	11	11	97
Not at all important	28	3	3	100

C17: Presidential immunity

In July, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that, while there is no immunity for unofficial acts, former presidents have broad immunity from criminal prosecution for official acts as president. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	123	12	12	12
Somewhat favor	280	26	26	38
Somewhat oppose	323	30	30	68
Strongly oppose	337	32	32	100

C18: Dobbs decision overturning Roe

[In 2022 the Supreme Court overturned Roe versus Wade, thus striking down the 1973 decision that made abortion legal in all 50 states.] How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	231	22	22	22
Somewhat favor	163	15	15	37
Somewhat oppose	192	18	18	55
Strongly oppose	477	45	45	100

C19: LGBT workplace discrimination

In 2020 the Supreme Court ruled that a federal civil rights law protects gay and transgender workers from workplace discrimination. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	502	47	47	47
Somewhat favor	345	32	32	80
Somewhat oppose	138	13	13	93
Strongly oppose	78	7	7	100

C20: Undocumented immigrants

Which comes closest to your view about undocumented immigrants who are currently working in the U.S.?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
They should be allowed to stay in their jobs and to eventually apply for U.S. citizenship	482	45	45	45
They should be allowed to stay in their jobs only as temporary guest workers but not to apply for U.S. citizenship	234	22	22	67
They should be required to leave their jobs and leave the U.S.	347	33	33	100

D1: Biden job approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	105	10	10	10
Somewhat approve	259	24	24	34
Somewhat disapprove	253	24	24	58
Strongly disapprove	445	42	42	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D1: Biden job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Joe Biden is handling his job as president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	364	34	34	34
Disapprove	698	66	66	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D1b: Trump job approval, 4-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump handled his job when he was president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	285	27	27	27
Somewhat approve	274	26	26	53
Somewhat disapprove	126	12	12	64
Strongly disapprove	377	35	35	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D1b: Trump job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump handled his job when he was president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	559	53	53	53
Disapprove	503	47	47	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D2: Trump cabinet approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way President-elect Donald Trump is handling cabinet appointments for his administration?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	237	22	22	22
Somewhat approve	282	27	27	49
Somewhat disapprove	153	14	14	63
Strongly disapprove	390	37	37	100
Web blank	1	0	0	100

D2: Trump cabinet approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way President-elect Donald Trump is handling cabinet appointments for his administration?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	519	49	49	49
Disapprove	543	51	51	100
999	1	0	0	100

D3: Fav/unfav: Biden

[Joe Biden] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	114	11	11	11
Somewhat favorable	275	26	26	37
Somewhat unfavorable	204	19	19	56
Very unfavorable	457	43	43	99
Haven't heard enough	14	1	1	100

D4: Fav/unfav: Harris

[Kamala Harris] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	181	17	17	17
Somewhat favorable	251	24	24	41
Somewhat unfavorable	126	12	12	52
Very unfavorable	478	45	45	97
Haven't heard enough	27	3	3	100

D5: Fav/unfav: Trump

[Donald Trump] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	270	25	25	25
Somewhat favorable	247	23	23	49
Somewhat unfavorable	85	8	8	57
Very unfavorable	450	42	42	99
Haven't heard enough	11	1	1	100

D6: Fav/unfav: Vance

[J.D. Vance] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	212	20	20	20
Somewhat favorable	159	15	15	35
Somewhat unfavorable	144	14	14	48
Very unfavorable	360	34	34	82
Haven’t heard enough	189	18	18	100

D7: Fav/unfav: Rubio

[Marco Rubio for Secretary of State] Here are some people President-elect Trump has picked for cabinet positions in his new administration. Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	158	15	15	15
Somewhat favorable	253	24	24	39
Somewhat unfavorable	170	16	16	55
Very unfavorable	212	20	20	75
Haven't heard enough	269	25	25	100

D8: Fav/unfav: RFK Jr

[Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. for Secretary of Health and Human Services] Here are some people President-elect Trump has picked for cabinet positions in his new administration. Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	218	20	20	20
Somewhat favorable	253	24	24	44
Somewhat unfavorable	134	13	13	57
Very unfavorable	338	32	32	89
Haven't heard enough	120	11	11	100

D9: Fav/unfav: Hegseth

[Pete Hegseth for Secretary of Defense] Here are some people President-elect Trump has picked for cabinet positions in his new administration. Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	137	13	13	13
Somewhat favorable	146	14	14	27
Somewhat unfavorable	101	10	10	36
Very unfavorable	289	27	27	63
Haven't heard enough	389	37	37	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D10: Fav/unfav: Bondi

[Pam Bondi for Attorney General] Here are some people President-elect Trump has picked for cabinet positions in his new administration. Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	137	13	13	13
Somewhat favorable	160	15	15	28
Somewhat unfavorable	122	12	12	39
Very unfavorable	212	20	20	59
Haven't heard enough	431	41	41	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

E1: Personally better off or not

Would you say you personally are better off, about the same, or worse off than you were a year ago?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Better	194	18	18	18
About the same	520	49	49	67
Worse	349	33	33	100

E2: Right direction/wrong track

Do you feel things in this country are generally going in the right direction, or do you feel things have gotten off on the wrong track?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Right direction	270	25	25	25
Wrong track	793	75	75	100

E3: National economy

How would you describe the state of the nation's economy these days?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Excellent	42	4	4	4
Good	269	25	25	29
Not so good	531	50	50	79
Poor	221	21	21	100

F1: Heard about Trump’s cabinet picks

[President-elect Trump’s choices for his cabinet, including Secretaries of State, Defense, Health and Human Services and Attorney General] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	567	53	53	53
A little	412	39	39	92
Nothing at all	84	8	8	100

F2: Heard about deportation plans

[Plans for how to handle deportation of immigrants who are in the U.S. illegally] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	514	48	48	48
A little	428	40	40	89
Nothing at all	121	11	11	100

F3: Heard about government cuts

[Plans to reduce the size of government and cut spending] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	398	37	37	37
A little	452	43	43	80
Nothing at all	213	20	20	100

F4: Approve of Hunter Biden pardon

How much do you approve or disapprove of President Joe Biden’s decision to pardon his son, Hunter Biden, who was convicted of federal charges for illegally buying a gun and who plead guilty of tax evasion.
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	122	12	12	12
Somewhat approve	184	17	17	29
Somewhat disapprove	252	24	24	52
Strongly disapprove	504	47	47	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

G1: Transgender athletes

[Require that transgender athletes compete on teams that match the sex they were assigned at birth, not the gender they identify with] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	593	56	56	56
Somewhat favor	215	20	20	76
Somewhat oppose	138	13	13	89
Strongly oppose	117	11	11	100

G3: Parent vaccine opt-out

[Allow parents to make medical decisions for their minor children under 18, including whether or not to vaccinate their children against measles, polio, and other diseases] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	424	40	40	40
Somewhat favor	298	28	28	68
Somewhat oppose	231	22	22	90
Strongly oppose	110	10	10	100

G4: Ban “gender-affirming” care for minors

[Ban “gender-affirming” care such as hormone therapy or surgery for transgender minors under 18] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	479	45	45	45
Somewhat favor	167	16	16	61
Somewhat oppose	184	17	17	78
Strongly oppose	233	22	22	100

G5: National 15-week abortion ban

[Pass a national law banning abortion after 15 weeks of pregnancy] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	276	26	26	26
Somewhat favor	230	22	22	48
Somewhat oppose	186	18	18	65
Strongly oppose	371	35	35	100

G6: Increase oil & gas production

[Increase production of oil and gas in the US] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	485	46	46	46
Somewhat favor	302	28	28	74
Somewhat oppose	177	17	17	91
Strongly oppose	99	9	9	100

G7: Cut taxes & increase deficit

[Cut taxes even if the federal deficit increases] Which of the following proposals would you favor and which would you oppose?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	232	22	22	22
Somewhat favor	406	38	38	60
Somewhat oppose	273	26	26	86
Strongly oppose	152	14	14	100

G8: Do tariffs help or hurt?

In general, do you think imposing tariffs or fees on products imported from other countries helps the U.S. economy, hurts the economy, or doesn’t make much of a difference either way?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Helps U.S. economy	281	26	26	26
Hurts U.S. economy	491	46	46	73
Doesn't make much difference	135	13	13	85
Don't know	156	15	15	100

G9: Trump policies affect on inflation

Do you think Trump’s policy proposals will decrease inflation, increase inflation, or have no effect on inflation?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Decrease inflation	440	41	41	41
Increase inflation	475	45	45	86
Have no effect on inflation	147	14	14	100

G10: Should senate hold confirmation hearings?

Should the Senate quickly approve all of Trump’s choices for his cabinet or should the Senate take more time to hold hearings on each nominee?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Quickly approve	287	27	27	27
Take time for hearings	776	73	73	100

K1: Foreign policy stance

Do you think it will be better for the future of the country if we take an active part in world affairs, or if we stay out of world affairs?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Take an active part in world affairs	638	60	60	60
Stay out of world affairs	425	40	40	100

K2: support for Ukraine

When it comes to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, do you think the United States is providing too much support to Ukraine, not enough support to Ukraine, or about the right amount of support to Ukraine?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Too much support	444	42	42	42
Not enough support	261	25	25	66
About the right amount of support	357	34	34	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

K3: Russia-Ukraine war importance to US

How much do you think what happens in the Russia-Ukraine conflict matters to life in the United States?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A great deal	265	25	25	25
Some	520	49	49	74
Not much	207	20	20	93
Not at all	70	7	7	100

K4: support for Israel

When it comes to Israel’s war with Hamas in Gaza, do you think the United States is providing too much support to Israel, not enough support to Israel, or about the right amount of support to Israel?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Too much support	425	40	40	40
Not enough support	256	24	24	64
About the right amount of support	382	36	36	100

K5A: Deportation, v1

Do you favor or oppose deporting immigrants who are living in the United States illegally back to their home countries?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	165	15	31	31
Somewhat favor	170	16	32	64
Somewhat oppose	121	11	23	87
Strongly oppose	69	7	13	100
(Missing)	538	51	NA	NA

K5B: Deportation, v2

Do you favor or oppose deporting immigrants who are living in the United States illegally back to their home countries even if they have lived here for a number of years, have jobs and no criminal record?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	98	9	18	18
Somewhat favor	126	12	23	42
Somewhat oppose	151	14	28	70
Strongly oppose	163	15	30	100
(Missing)	525	49	NA	NA

K6: trust 2020 election

How confident are you that, across the country, the votes for president were accurately cast and counted in [the 2020] election? Very confident, somewhat confident, not too confident, or not at all confident.
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very confident	379	36	36	36
Somewhat confident	304	29	29	64
Not too confident	219	21	21	85
Not at all confident	159	15	15	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

K7: trust 2024 election

How confident are you that, across the country, the votes for president were accurately cast and counted in the 2024 election?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very confident	450	42	42	42
Somewhat confident	424	40	40	82
Not too confident	139	13	13	95
Not at all confident	49	5	5	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

K8: family financial situation

Thinking about your family's financial situation, would you say you are living comfortably, just getting by, or struggling to make ends meet?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Living comfortably	375	35	35	35
Just getting by	472	44	44	80
Struggling	215	20	20	100

X1: Trust in government

How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right?...Just about always, most of the time, only some of the time, never?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Just about always	19	2	2	2
Most of the time	209	20	20	22
Only some of the time	699	66	66	87
Never	136	13	13	100

X2: Trust in others

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or most people can't be trusted?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Most people can be trusted	555	52	52	52
Most people can't be trusted	508	48	48	100

INT1: internet use

Do you use the internet or email, at least occasionally?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	1063	100	100	100

INTFREQ: internet frequency

About how often do you use the internet?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Almost constantly	438	41	41	41
Several times a day	560	53	53	94
About once a day	45	4	4	98
Several times a week	18	2	2	100
Less often	1	0	0	100

Z1: Party ID

Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, or an Independent?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	330	31	31	31
Democrat	316	30	30	61
Independent	299	28	28	89
Other/No preference	118	11	11	100

Z2A: Party ID strenth

Would you call yourself a strong [Republican/Democrat] or a not very strong [Republican/Democrat]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strong	397	37	61	61
Not very strong	249	23	39	100
(Missing)	417	39	NA	NA

Z2B: Party ID lean

Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	153	14	37	37
Democratic	131	12	32	68
Neither	133	12	32	100
(Missing)	646	61	NA	NA

Z3: religious service attendance

Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
More than once a week	63	6	6	6
Once a week	184	17	17	23
Once or twice a month	62	6	6	29
A few times a year	146	14	14	43
Seldom	289	27	27	70
Never	320	30	30	100

Z4: born-again or evangelical

Would you describe yourself as a "born-again" or evangelical Christian, or not?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes, would	304	29	29	29
No, would not	759	71	71	100

Z5: political ideology

Generally speaking, how would you describe your political views?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	120	11	11	11
Somewhat conservative	259	24	24	36
Moderate	414	39	39	75
Somewhat liberal	158	15	15	89
Very liberal	112	11	11	100

Z6: talk to neighbors

During the last 12 months, how often did you talk with any of your neighbors?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Basically, every day	75	7	7	7
A few times a week	275	26	26	33
A few times a month	302	28	28	61
Once a month	121	11	11	73
Less than once a month	186	18	18	90
Not at all	104	10	10	100

Z7: volunteering

We are interested in volunteer activities for which people are not paid, except perhaps expenses.  In the last 12 months, have you done any volunteer activities through or for an organization?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	294	28	28	28
No	769	72	72	100

GE2020: 2020 vote

Did you vote in the general election in 2020?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes, did vote in the 2020 general election	737	69	69	69
No, did not vote in the 2020 general election	326	31	31	100

Z8: Vote choice in 2020

Which presidential candidate did you vote for in 2020?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Donald Trump	333	31	45	45
Joe Biden	368	35	50	95
Jo Jorgensen	11	1	1	97
Howie Hawkins	2	0	0	97
Another candidate	15	1	2	99
Did not vote in that election	5	0	1	100
Skipped/Ref	3	0	0	100
(Missing)	326	31	NA	NA

Z9: own or rent

Is your home owned or rented?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Owned	742	70	70	70
Rented	321	30	30	100

Z10: adults in household

Including yourself, how many adults age 18 or older are there living in your household?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
1	190	18	18	18
2	548	52	52	69
3	188	18	18	87
4	94	9	9	96
5	23	2	2	98
6	11	1	1	99
7	8	1	1	100

party ID, 5-cat

Party ID with leaners separate
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	330	31	31	31
Lean Republican	153	14	14	45
Independent	133	12	12	58
Lean Democrat	131	12	12	70
Democrat	316	30	30	100

party ID, leaners as partisans

Party ID with leaners included
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	483	45	45	45
Independent	133	12	12	58
Democrat	447	42	42	100

gender

sex
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Male	507	48	48	48
Female	541	51	51	99
Another gender	5	0	0	99
Skipped/Ref	10	1	1	100

age

age, 4 categories
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
18-29	188	18	18	18
30-44	294	28	28	45
45-59	245	23	23	68
60+	336	32	32	100

education

education - 5 categories
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Less than HS	93	9	9	9
HS graduate	298	28	28	37
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	282	27	27	64
Bachelor's degree	222	21	21	85
Post grad study/professional degree	163	15	15	100
(Missing)	4	0	NA	NA

income

income recode
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Less than $30k	281	26	26	26
$30k to less than $50k	141	13	13	40
$50k to less than $75k	182	17	17	57
$75k to less than $100k	164	15	15	72
$100k or more	290	27	27	100
DK/NA/Ref	5	0	0	100

marital status

marital status
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Married	561	53	53	53
Widowed	36	3	3	56
Divorced	140	13	13	69
Separated	25	2	2	72
Single, never married	210	20	20	91
Single, cohabitating	90	8	8	100
Skipped/Ref	2	0	0	100

race/ethnicity

race and hispanic origin
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
White	638	60	60	60
Black	125	12	12	72
Hispanic	178	17	17	89
Other/Multiple	99	9	9	98
Skipped/Ref	23	2	2	100
(Missing)	0	0	NA	NA

religious affiliation

religious identification
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Born-again Protestant	261	25	25	25
Mainline Protestant	205	19	19	44
Roman Catholic	154	14	15	58
No religion	305	29	29	87
Other religion	134	13	13	100
Skipped/Ref	2	0	0	100
(Missing)	2	0	NA	NA