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Marquette Law School Supreme Court Poll May 5 - 15, 2025

(Percentages are rounded to whole numbers for reporting of results. Frequencies have been rounded to whole numbers but percentages are calculated based on non-integer weighted sample sizes.)

Results for survey items among all respondents are presented here (unless otherwise indicated). Please note that some questions are only asked of particular groups of respondents. In these instances, the row “NA’s” includes the number and percent of total respondents omitted from the question. These omitted cases are ignored when calculating the “Valid” and “Cumulative” percent columns.

A1: interest in politics

Some people seem to follow what's going on in politics most of the time, whether there's an election going on or not. Others aren't that interested. How often do you follow what's going on in politics…?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Most of the time	433	43	43	43
Some of the time	385	38	38	81
Only now and then	129	13	13	94
Hardly at all	56	6	6	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

A2: voter registration

Are you registered to vote at your present address, or not?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	760	76	76	76
No	243	24	24	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

C1: SCOTUS approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	89	9	9	9
Somewhat approve	442	44	44	53
Somewhat disapprove	307	31	31	84
Strongly disapprove	165	16	16	100

C1: SCOTUS approval (2-cat)

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way the US Supreme Court is handling its job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	531	53	53	53
Disapprove	473	47	47	100

C2: Justice nomination majority

What is your guess as to whether a majority of the current US Supreme Court Justices were appointed by Democratic or Republican presidents?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Definitely a majority appointed by Democratic presidents	31	3	3	3
Probably a majority appointed by Democratic presidents	171	17	17	20
Probably a majority appointed by Republican presidents	403	40	40	60
Definitely a majority appointed by Republican presidents	398	40	40	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

C3: Heard about SCOTUS last month

Thinking about the last month only, how much have you heard or read about the U.S. Supreme Court?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	255	25	25	25
A little	601	60	60	85
Nothing at all	147	15	15	100

C4: Justice motivations

In general, what most often motivates Supreme Court justices’ decisions?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Mainly politics	506	50	50	50
Mainly the law	498	50	50	100

C6A: Can President ignore SCOTUS?

If the Supreme Court rules against the president in a case, does the president have the power to ignore that ruling, or is the president required to do as the ruling says?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
The president has the power to ignore the ruling	80	8	16	16
The president is required to do as the ruling says	419	42	84	100
(Missing)	504	50	NA	NA

C6B: Can President ignore federal court?

If a federal court rules against the president in a case, does the president have the power to ignore that ruling, or is the president required to do as the ruling says?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
The president has the power to ignore the ruling	108	11	21	21
The president is required to do as the ruling says	396	39	79	100
(Missing)	500	50	NA	NA

C7: Can President make laws?

When Congress fails to act, should the president have the power to make laws on his own?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes, president should be able to make laws	195	19	19	19
No, president should not be able to make laws	809	81	81	100

C8: Presidential immunity

In July, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that, while there is no immunity for unofficial acts, former presidents have broad immunity from criminal prosecution for official acts as president. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	137	14	14	14
Somewhat favor	256	25	25	39
Somewhat oppose	302	30	30	69
Strongly oppose	309	31	31	100

C9: Abrego Garcia ruling

In April, the Supreme Court ruled that federal law requires the Trump administration to facilitate the return of a man erroneously deported to El Salvador. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	435	43	43	43
Somewhat favor	234	23	23	67
Somewhat oppose	158	16	16	82
Strongly oppose	177	18	18	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

C10: Deportation due process

In April, the Supreme Court said that those the administration is seeking to deport under the Alien Enemies Act must receive notice that they are subject to deportation within a reasonable time and in such a manner as will allow them to actually seek court review before such deportation occurs. How much do you favor or oppose this decision?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	355	35	35	35
Somewhat favor	298	30	30	65
Somewhat oppose	194	19	19	84
Strongly oppose	156	16	16	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

C11: School story opt-out

In April, the Supreme Court heard arguments in a case asking whether parents of elementary school students should be able to opt their children out of reading classes concerning stories about LGBTQ+ characters, if those stories conflict with the families’ religious beliefs. How do you think the Court should rule?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Parents should be able to opt out	704	70	70	70
The schools should set the curriculum for all	300	30	30	100

C11B: TN puberty blockers case

[In December, the Supreme Court heard arguments challenging a Tennessee law that prohibits medical providers from prescribing puberty-delaying medication or performing gender transition surgery for youth under 18.] How do you think the Court should rule?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Uphold the Tennessee law	699	70	70	70
Overturn the law	305	30	30	100

C12: Federal court orders

Federal courts have issued orders temporarily blocking a number of the Trump administration’s executive actions. Do you think such orders can be a proper use of judicial authority?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	639	64	64	64
No	365	36	36	100

D1: Trump job approval

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling his job as president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	238	24	24	24
Somewhat approve	219	22	22	46
Somewhat disapprove	132	13	13	59
Strongly disapprove	415	41	41	100

D1: Trump job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling his job as president?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	457	46	46	46
Disapprove	547	54	54	100

D2: Congressional Republicans job approval, 4-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Republicans in Congress are handing their job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	118	12	12	12
Somewhat approve	312	31	31	43
Somewhat disapprove	222	22	22	65
Strongly disapprove	352	35	35	100

D2: Congressional Republicans job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Republicans in Congress are handing their job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	430	43	43	43
Disapprove	574	57	57	100

D3: Congressional Democrats job approval, 4-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Democrats in Congress are handing their job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	48	5	5	5
Somewhat approve	239	24	24	29
Somewhat disapprove	387	39	39	67
Strongly disapprove	330	33	33	100

D3: Congressional Democrats job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Democrats in Congress are handing their job?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	287	29	29	29
Disapprove	717	71	71	100

D4: Elon Musk job approval, 4-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Elon Musk is handing his job in the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE)?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	218	22	22	22
Somewhat approve	206	21	21	42
Somewhat disapprove	132	13	13	55
Strongly disapprove	448	45	45	100

D4: Elon Musk job approval, 2-cat

Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Elon Musk is handing his job in the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE)?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Approve	424	42	42	42
Disapprove	580	58	58	100

D5: Fav/unfav: Trump

[Donald Trump] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	249	25	25	25
Somewhat favorable	178	18	18	43
Somewhat unfavorable	120	12	12	55
Very unfavorable	440	44	44	98
Haven't heard enough	15	1	1	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D6: Fav/unfav: Vance

[J.D. Vance] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	219	22	22	22
Somewhat favorable	160	16	16	38
Somewhat unfavorable	116	12	12	49
Very unfavorable	386	38	38	88
Haven’t heard enough	122	12	12	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D7: Fav/unfav: Musk

[Elon Musk] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	216	22	22	22
Somewhat favorable	167	17	17	38
Somewhat unfavorable	132	13	13	51
Very unfavorable	461	46	46	97
Haven't heard enough	27	3	3	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

D9: Fav/unfav: Rubio

[Secretary of State Marco Rubio] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	174	17	17	17
Somewhat favorable	169	17	17	34
Somewhat unfavorable	157	16	16	50
Very unfavorable	225	22	22	72
Haven't heard enough	278	28	28	100

D10: Fav/unfav: RFK, Jr.

[Secretary of Health and Human Services Robert F. Kennedy, Jr.] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	181	18	18	18
Somewhat favorable	196	20	20	38
Somewhat unfavorable	123	12	12	50
Very unfavorable	358	36	36	86
Haven't heard enough	146	14	14	100

D11: Fav/unfav: Hegseth

[Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	132	13	13	13
Somewhat favorable	134	13	13	26
Somewhat unfavorable	109	11	11	37
Very unfavorable	331	33	33	70
Haven't heard enough	298	30	30	100

D12: Fav/unfav: Bondi

[Attorney General Pam Bondi] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following people or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	142	14	14	14
Somewhat favorable	137	14	14	28
Somewhat unfavorable	86	9	9	36
Very unfavorable	256	26	26	62
Haven't heard enough	383	38	38	100

D15: Fav/unfav: Democratic Party

[The Democratic party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	64	6	6	6
Somewhat favorable	257	26	26	32
Somewhat unfavorable	283	28	28	60
Very unfavorable	352	35	35	95
Haven't heard enough	48	5	5	100

D16: Fav/unfav: Republican Party

[The Republican party] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following political organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	148	15	15	15
Somewhat favorable	268	27	27	41
Somewhat unfavorable	183	18	18	60
Very unfavorable	362	36	36	96
Haven't heard enough	43	4	4	100

D17: Fav/unfav: MAGA Movement

[The MAGA (Make America Great Again) movement] Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the following groups and organizations or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	209	21	21	21
Somewhat favorable	192	19	19	40
Somewhat unfavorable	99	10	10	50
Very unfavorable	451	45	45	95
Haven't heard enough	53	5	5	100

D18: Fav/unfav: Pope Francis

Do you have a favorable or an unfavorable opinion of the late Pope Francis, or haven’t you heard enough yet to have an opinion?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very favorable	250	25	25	25
Somewhat favorable	299	30	30	55
Somewhat unfavorable	144	14	14	69
Very unfavorable	67	7	7	76
Haven't heard enough	245	24	24	100

D19: Trump approval: economy

[The Economy] Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	187	19	19	19
Somewhat approve	237	24	24	42
Somewhat Disapprove	147	15	15	57
Strongly disapprove	432	43	43	100

D20: Trump approval: inflation

[Inflation and the cost of living] Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	144	14	14	14
Somewhat approve	200	20	20	34
Somewhat Disapprove	193	19	19	54
Strongly disapprove	467	46	46	100

D21: Trump approval: immigration

[Immigration] Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	341	34	34	34
Somewhat approve	163	16	16	50
Somewhat Disapprove	140	14	14	64
Strongly disapprove	360	36	36	100

D22: Trump approval: foreign policy

[Foreign policy] Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	221	22	22	22
Somewhat approve	216	22	22	43
Somewhat Disapprove	178	18	18	61
Strongly disapprove	389	39	39	100

D23: Trump approval: tariffs

[Tariffs] Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	175	17	17	17
Somewhat approve	195	19	19	37
Somewhat Disapprove	163	16	16	53
Strongly disapprove	472	47	47	100

D23B: Trump approval: border security

[Border security] Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	372	37	37	37
Somewhat approve	195	19	19	56
Somewhat Disapprove	171	17	17	74
Strongly disapprove	266	26	26	100

D23C: Trump approval: Russia/Ukraine

[The war between Russia and Ukraine] Overall, how much do you approve or disapprove of the way Donald Trump is handling each of the following issues?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly approve	160	16	16	16
Somewhat approve	237	24	24	40
Somewhat Disapprove	210	21	21	60
Strongly disapprove	397	40	40	100

D24: Trump decisionmaking

Regardless of specific policies, how much do you trust Donald Trump to make the right decisions for the country?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Completely trust	175	17	17	17
Mostly trust	278	28	28	45
Mostly do not trust	148	15	15	60
Completely do not trust	403	40	40	100

E1: Personally better off or not

Would you say you personally are better off, about the same, or worse off than you were a year ago?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Better	231	23	23	23
About the same	432	43	43	66
Worse	341	34	34	100

E2: Right direction/wrong track

Do you feel things in this country are generally going in the right direction, or do you feel things have gotten off on the wrong track?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Right direction	420	42	42	42
Wrong track	584	58	58	100

E3: National economy

How would you describe the state of the nation's economy these days?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Excellent	33	3	3	3
Good	287	29	29	32
Not so good	467	47	47	78
Poor	217	22	22	100

E4: Inflation prediction

Over the next 12 months do you think inflation and the cost of living will increase, decrease or stay about the same?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Increase	631	63	63	63
Decrease	200	20	20	83
Stay about the same	172	17	17	100

F1: Heard about tariffs

[Tariffs the U.S. is imposing on imports from foreign countries] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	816	81	81	81
A little	160	16	16	97
Nothing at all	27	3	3	100

F2: Heard about changes in stock market

[Changes in the stock market] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	584	58	58	58
A little	318	32	32	90
Nothing at all	102	10	10	100

F3: Heard about erroneous deporation

[A man who was erroneously deported to El Salvador] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	629	63	63	63
A little	273	27	27	90
Nothing at all	103	10	10	100

F4: Heard about cancellation of grants

[Cancellation of federal grants to universities] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	527	53	53	53
A little	351	35	35	88
Nothing at all	125	12	12	100

F5: Heard about reductions in federal employ

[Reductions in the number of federal employees] Here are some recent topics in the news. How much have you heard or read about each of these?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A lot	675	67	67	67
A little	259	26	26	93
Nothing at all	70	7	7	100

F6: Most important issue

Which one of the following issues matters MOST to you right now?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
The economy	133	13	13	13
Immigration and border security	88	9	9	22
Health care	29	3	3	25
Foreign policy	16	2	2	26
Abortion policy	20	2	2	28
Medicare & Social Security	105	10	10	39
Threats to democracy	187	19	19	58
Inflation and the cost of living	359	36	36	93
The size of the federal deficit	40	4	4	97
Don't know	27	3	3	100

G1: Impact of tariffs

In general, do you think imposing tariffs or fees on products imported from other countries helps the U.S. economy, hurts the economy, or doesn’t make much of a difference either way?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Helps U.S. economy	317	32	32	32
Hurts U.S. economy	585	58	58	90
Doesn't make much difference	102	10	10	100

G2: Require congressional approval for tariffs

Do you favor or oppose a proposed law that would require Congress to vote to approve all tariffs?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Favor	613	61	61	61
Oppose	391	39	39	100

G3: Trump impact on inflation

Do you think Trump’s policy proposals will decrease inflation, increase inflation, or have no effect on inflation?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Decrease inflation	283	28	28	28
Increase inflation	617	61	61	90
Have no effect on inflation	104	10	10	100

G4: Can POTUS close agencies

Do you think agencies and spending that have been authorized by Congress are beyond the president’s authority to close or freeze, or do you think the president has the authority to take these actions without congressional approval?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Beyond the president's authority	623	62	62	62
Has the authority without congressional approval	379	38	38	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

G5: Recent immigration levels

Would you say the number of immigrants crossing the southern border is (up a lot, up a little, about the same, down a little or down a lot) since December?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Up a lot	28	3	3	3
Up a little	24	2	2	5
About the same	267	27	27	32
Down a little	279	28	28	60
Down a lot	404	40	40	100
Skipped/Ref	2	0	0	100

G6: Biological sex order

Do you favor or oppose President Trump’s executive order requiring federal agencies to recognize biological sex as male or female only, eliminate references to gender identity in policies, and require federal documents, such as passports, to reflect biological sex, not gender identity.
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Favor	634	63	63	63
Oppose	370	37	37	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

G7: End federal DEI order

Do you favor or oppose ending diversity, equity and inclusion, or DEI, programs in the federal government?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Favor	484	48	48	48
Oppose	520	52	52	100

G8: Importance of deficit reduction

How important do you think it is that Congress and the President act to significantly reduce the federal budget deficit?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very important	537	53	53	53
Somewhat important	359	36	36	89
Not very important	90	9	9	98
Not at all important	18	2	2	100

G9: Favor/oppose: increase taxes on $600k+

[Increase taxes on those earning more than about $600,000] How much do you favor or oppose the following changes to tax policy?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	595	59	59	59
Somewhat favor	240	24	24	83
Somewhat oppose	123	12	12	95
Strongly oppose	46	5	5	100

G10: Favor/oppose: increase corporate taxes

[Increase taxes on corporations] How much do you favor or oppose the following changes to tax policy?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	452	45	45	45
Somewhat favor	315	31	31	76
Somewhat oppose	177	18	18	94
Strongly oppose	58	6	6	100
Skipped/Ref	2	0	0	100

G11: Favor/oppose: eliminate taxes on social security benefits

[Eliminate all federal taxes on Social Security benefits] How much do you favor or oppose the following changes to tax policy?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	606	60	60	60
Somewhat favor	249	25	25	85
Somewhat oppose	104	10	10	95
Strongly oppose	45	5	5	100

G12: Favor/oppose: eliminate taxes on tips

[Eliminate all federal taxes on tips] How much do you favor or oppose the following changes to tax policy?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	469	47	47	47
Somewhat favor	316	32	32	78
Somewhat oppose	145	14	14	93
Strongly oppose	74	7	7	100

G13: Favor/oppose: make 2017 tax cuts permanent

[Make the 2017 tax cuts permanent] How much do you favor or oppose the following changes to tax policy?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	337	34	34	34
Somewhat favor	356	35	35	69
Somewhat oppose	173	17	17	86
Strongly oppose	137	14	14	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

G14: Favor/oppose: cut defense spending

[Defense spending] Would you be willing or not willing to cut spending on the following areas in order to reduce the federal budget deficit?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Willing to cut	462	46	46	46
Not willing to cut	542	54	54	100

G15: Favor/oppose: cut Medicare

[Medicare, the program that provides health coverage to older Americans] Would you be willing or not willing to cut spending on the following areas in order to reduce the federal budget deficit?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Willing to cut	79	8	8	8
Not willing to cut	925	92	92	100

G16: Favor/oppose: cut Medicaid

[Medicaid, the program that provides health coverage to low-income Americans] Would you be willing or not willing to cut spending on the following areas in order to reduce the federal budget deficit?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Willing to cut	171	17	17	17
Not willing to cut	833	83	83	100

G17: Favor/oppose: cut NASA

[NASA and the space program] Would you be willing or not willing to cut spending on the following areas in order to reduce the federal budget deficit?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Willing to cut	634	63	63	63
Not willing to cut	369	37	37	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

G18: Favor/oppose: cut Social Security

[Social Security] Would you be willing or not willing to cut spending on the following areas in order to reduce the federal budget deficit?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Willing to cut	97	10	10	10
Not willing to cut	906	90	90	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

G19: Favor/oppose: cut medical research

[Grants for medical research] Would you be willing or not willing to cut spending on the following areas in order to reduce the federal budget deficit?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Willing to cut	286	28	28	28
Not willing to cut	716	71	71	100
Skipped/Ref	2	0	0	100

G20: Favor/oppose: cut federal workforce

[The number of federal employees] Would you be willing or not willing to cut spending on the following areas in order to reduce the federal budget deficit?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Willing to cut	653	65	65	65
Not willing to cut	350	35	35	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

G20b: will next budget reduce deficit?

In the upcoming federal budget do you think Congress and President Trump will end up reducing or increasing the federal budget deficit?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Reducing the deficit	481	48	48	48
Increasing the deficit	522	52	52	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

G21: space travel priority

How big a priority should landing people on the moon and sending a manned mission to Mars be?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
A top priority	49	5	5	5
Important but not a top priority	394	39	39	44
Not a priority	561	56	56	100

G22a: Impeach judges (Congress)

Some members of Congress have called for the impeachment of federal judges who have ruled against some of President Trump’s spending freezes and agency closures. Do you think these judges should be impeached or should not be impeached for these rulings?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Should be impeached	150	15	30	30
Should not be impeached	355	35	70	100
(Missing)	499	50	NA	NA

G22b: Impeach judges (Trump)

President Trump has called for the impeachment of federal judges who have ruled against some of his spending freezes and agency closures. Do you think these judges should be impeached or should not be impeached for these rulings?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Should be impeached	151	15	30	30
Should not be impeached	349	35	70	100
(Missing)	505	50	NA	NA

G23: Take over Greenland

President Trump has said the U.S. must take control of Greenland. Do you favor or oppose taking control of Greenland?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Favor	269	27	27	27
Oppose	735	73	73	100

K1A: Deportation, v1

Do you favor or oppose deporting immigrants who are living in the United States illegally back to their home countries?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	217	22	42	42
Somewhat favor	124	12	24	66
Somewhat oppose	124	12	24	90
Strongly oppose	53	5	10	100
(Missing)	486	48	NA	NA

K1B: Deportation, v2

Do you favor or oppose deporting immigrants who are living in the United States illegally back to their home countries even if they have lived here for a number of years, have jobs and no criminal record?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	101	10	21	21
Somewhat favor	103	10	21	42
Somewhat oppose	124	12	26	68
Strongly oppose	157	16	32	100
(Missing)	518	52	NA	NA

K2: Imprison US citizens in El Salvador

President Trump has said he will consider sending U.S. citizens convicted of certain crimes to prison in El Salvador instead of serving their sentences in U.S. prisons. How much do you favor or oppose this idea?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strongly favor	208	21	21	21
Somewhat favor	190	19	19	40
Somewhat oppose	194	19	19	59
Strongly oppose	411	41	41	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

K3: family financial situation

Thinking about your family's financial situation, would you say you are living comfortably, just getting by, or struggling to make ends meet?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Living comfortably	354	35	35	35
Just getting by	481	48	48	83
Struggling	169	17	17	100

X1: Trust in government

How much of the time do you think you can trust the government in Washington to do what is right?...Just about always, most of the time, only some of the time, never?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Just about always	10	1	1	1
Most of the time	168	17	17	18
Only some of the time	644	64	64	82
Never	183	18	18	100

X2: Trust in others

Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted, or most people can't be trusted?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Most people can be trusted	487	49	49	49
Most people can't be trusted	517	51	51	100

INT1: internet use

Do you use the internet or email, at least occasionally?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	1004	100	100	100

INTFREQ: internet frequency

About how often do you use the internet?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Almost constantly	419	42	42	42
Several times a day	504	50	50	92
About once a day	44	4	4	96
Several times a week	25	2	2	99
Less often	13	1	1	100

Z1: Party ID

Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, or an Independent?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	306	30	30	30
Democrat	288	29	29	59
Independent	272	27	27	86
Other/No preference	137	14	14	100

Z2A: Party ID strenth

Would you call yourself a strong [Republican/Democrat] or a not very strong [Republican/Democrat]?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Strong	360	36	61	61
Not very strong	235	23	39	100
(Missing)	410	41	NA	NA

Z2B: Party ID lean

Do you think of yourself as closer to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	120	12	29	29
Democratic	117	12	28	58
Neither	173	17	42	100
(Missing)	594	59	NA	NA

Z3: religious service attendance

Aside from weddings and funerals, how often do you attend religious services?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
More than once a week	50	5	5	5
Once a week	173	17	17	22
Once or twice a month	54	5	5	28
A few times a year	181	18	18	46
Seldom	245	24	24	70
Never	301	30	30	100

Z4: born-again or evangelical

Would you describe yourself as a "born-again" or evangelical Christian, or not?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes, would	296	30	30	30
No, would not	708	70	70	100

Z5: political ideology

Generally speaking, how would you describe your political views?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Very conservative	130	13	13	13
Somewhat conservative	217	22	22	35
Moderate	411	41	41	76
Somewhat liberal	154	15	15	91
Very liberal	92	9	9	100

Z6: talk to neighbors

During the last 12 months, how often did you talk with any of your neighbors?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Basically, every day	66	7	7	7
A few times a week	272	27	27	34
A few times a month	291	29	29	63
Once a month	113	11	11	74
Less than once a month	179	18	18	92
Not at all	84	8	8	100

Z7: volunteering

We are interested in volunteer activities for which people are not paid, except perhaps expenses.  In the last 12 months, have you done any volunteer activities through or for an organization?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes	272	27	27	27
No	731	73	73	100
Skipped/Ref	1	0	0	100

GE2020: 2024 vote

Did you vote in the general election in 2024?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Yes, did vote in the 2024 general election	731	73	73	73
No, did not vote in the 2024 general election	273	27	27	100

Z8: Vote choice in 2024

Which presidential candidate did you vote for in 2024?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Kamala Harris	354	35	49	49
Donald Trump	352	35	48	97
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.	3	0	0	97
Chase Oliver	2	0	0	97
Jill Stein	3	0	0	98
Another candidate	9	1	1	99
Did not vote in that election	7	1	1	100
(Missing)	273	27	NA	NA

Z10: own or rent

Is your home owned or rented?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Owned	663	66	66	66
Rented	341	34	34	100

Z11: adults in household

Including yourself, how many adults age 18 or older are there living in your household?
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
1	206	21	21	21
2	478	48	48	68
3	187	19	19	87
4	106	11	11	97
5	18	2	2	99
6	4	0	0	99
7	5	0	0	100
8 or more	0	0	0	100

party ID, 5-cat

Party ID with leaners separate
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	306	30	30	30
Lean Republican	120	12	12	42
Independent	173	17	17	60
Lean Democrat	117	12	12	71
Democrat	288	29	29	100

party ID, leaners as partisans

Party ID with leaners included
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Republican	426	42	42	42
Independent	173	17	17	60
Democrat	405	40	40	100

gender

sex
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Male	483	48	48	48
Female	500	50	50	98
Another gender	6	1	1	99
Skipped/Ref	14	1	1	100

age

age, 4 categories
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
18-29	173	17	17	17
30-44	286	29	29	46
45-59	232	23	23	69
60+	313	31	31	100

education

education - 5 categories
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Less than HS	94	9	9	9
HS graduate	284	28	28	38
Vocational/tech school/some college/ associates	264	26	26	64
Bachelor's degree	209	21	21	85
Post grad study/professional degree	146	15	15	100
(Missing)	6	1	NA	NA

income

income recode
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Less than $30k	272	27	27	27
$30k to less than $50k	188	19	19	46
$50k to less than $75k	156	16	16	61
$75k to less than $100k	112	11	11	72
$100k or more	275	27	27	100
DK/NA/Ref	2	0	0	100

marital status

marital status
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Married	476	47	47	47
Widowed	48	5	5	52
Divorced	101	10	10	62
Separated	23	2	2	65
Single, never married	245	24	24	89
Single, cohabitating	111	11	11	100

race/ethnicity

race and hispanic origin
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
White	602	60	60	60
Black	121	12	12	72
Hispanic	168	17	17	89
Other/Multiple	85	9	9	97
Skipped/Ref	28	3	3	100

religious affiliation

religious identification
	Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	Cumulative Percent
Born-again Protestant	244	24	24	24
Mainline Protestant	184	18	18	43
Roman Catholic	181	18	18	61
No religion	293	29	29	90
Other religion	97	10	10	99
Skipped/Ref	6	1	1	100