Court Unanimously Affirms Diploma Privilege

The Wisconsin Supreme Court voted this morning, 7-0, to maintain the state’s longstanding diploma privilege, in its current form. The unanimous ruling denied rulemaking petition 09-09, in which Steve Levine and various other members of the bar sought either to extend the diploma privilege, as embodied in Wisconsin Supreme Court Rule 40.03, to all ABA-accredited law schools (well beyond Marquette and Wisconsin) or to abolish it altogether. The Court’s ruling was foreshadowed by comments that individual Justices had made in an open administrative hearing and subsequent conference this past Thursday, suggesting that the Court, for all of its members’ varied backgrounds, did not favor the petition. I was among the members of the public speaking before the Court on Thursday and emphasized two points: (1) that the existing approach has been beneficial public policy for the state’s courts and the public and (2) that, in fact, both Marquette and Wisconsin are distinguishable from every other ABA-accredited law school in the important extent to which their students are exposed to precepts of Wisconsin law (as well as in other respects). I also mentioned an additional consideration, with reference both to the petition to amend or repeal and to the recently (and favorably) concluded constitutional challenge to the diploma privilege: requests such as this are destabilizing, imposing costs with no offsetting benefits. They divert the law schools from other important public policy concerns, including ones in which I would rather expect the entire bar to be interested: e.g., how to provide leadership in facilitating access to justice. This additional consideration suggested that, if the Court were inclined in the direction of denying the petition, it should leave no doubt on the matter. The Court—through its unanimous ruling and the strong comments of individual Justices during the open administrative conference—did precisely that.

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Marquette Graduates Account for Just Under One Quarter of All Practicing Lawyers in Wisconsin

Based on information provided by the State Bar of Wisconsin, there were 23,761 active members of the Wisconsin bar at the beginning of June 2010. Of these, 5,818 (24.5 percent) are graduates of the Marquette Law School. The remaining 17,943 were almost evenly divided between graduates of the University of Wisconsin Law School (8,982) and graduates of out-of-state law schools (8,961).

Presumably, this means that 62.3 percent of Wisconsin lawyers were admitted pursuant to the diploma privilege, compared to 37.7 percent who either passed the bar examination or were admitted based on practice elsewhere.

Unfortunately, detailed information on the alma maters of those who attended law school out of state is not currently available. However, it appears that the schools with the largest number of alumni practicing in Wisconsin are located in states bordering Wisconsin.

Special thanks to James Behan, Database Support Analyst, State Bar of Wisconsin and to Marquette law student Colin Forester-Hoare for their assistance with the compilation of this data.

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Study Reveals Illegal Racial Discrimination in Jury Selection

Last month, the Equal Justice Initiative (EJI) released a study, “Illegal Racial Discrimination in Jury Selection: A Continuing Legacy,” which revealed a prevalence of racial bias in jury selection in the South.  The report stands as the most comprehensive study of racial discrimination in jury selection since 1986, when the US Supreme Court sought to limit the practice in the landmark case Batson v. Kentucky.

Racial discrimination in jury selection first became illegal when Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1875.  Despite federal legislation, people of color continue to be excluded from jury service because of their race, especially in serious criminal trials and death penalty cases.

Evidence suggests the phenomenon persists through the use of peremptory challenges.  A peremptory challenge essentially provides attorneys the ability to exclude a certain number of potential jurors without explanation of their removal.

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