Immigration Enforcement at the Worksite

120px-us_immigration_and_customs_enforcement_arrestOur recent graduate Ben Crouse has a fascinating new paper on SSRN entitled “Worksite Raids and Immigration Norms: A ‘Sticky’ Problem.”  Drawing on Dan Kahan’s theory of social norms, Ben critiques the government’s use of high-profile worksite raids as a tactic to deter employers from hiring illegal immigrants.  Here is a taste:

The government’s high-profile raids may encourage an anti-enforcement backlash, especially when accompanied by criminal prosecutions of employers and employees alike.  In fact, high-profile raids seem perfectly tailored to amplify anti-enforcement norms.  By coupling employer enforcement measures with large-scale criminal prosecutions and removal of immigrants, the measures arouse the anxieties of the Hispanic population.  By bankrupting large employers, the measures also jeopardize the economic future of the communities that depend on them.

As an alternative to an enforcement strategy built around a small number of high-impact raids, Ben proposes reforms that would result in a larger number of enforcement actions against employers, but with less draconian results for both employers and employees.  He would make it easier for the government to sanction employers who hire illegal immigrants, but also reduce the magnitude of the sanctions in many cases, which should diminish anti-enforcement backlash.

Ben’s paper won the Silver Quill Award earlier this year for being one of the top two students comments published in volume 92 of the Marquette Law Review.

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Criminal Appeals Conference Podcast

I had a great time at the Criminal Appeals Conference here on Monday and Tuesday, with an impressive line-up of speakers covering a wide variety of topics, from the historical development of the harmless error doctrine to the dysfunctional handling of death penalty appeals in California to federal sentencing appeals to the failure of appellate courts to make use of the science on eyewitness identification (among many other topics).  A podcast of the Conference is now available here.

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More on Caperton

grisham1In a comment following Ed Fallone’s post on Chief Justice Robert’s little list (actually it as a rather long list), he argues that there is little in the text, structure and history of the  Bill of Rights that might inform the question of when the due process clause requires a judge to recuse herself because of the potential for bias associated with campaign contributions:

It may very well be that something like “judicial bias” is undefinable without reference to some background principles derived from the constitutional design. Unfortunately, I believe that the direct election of judges was a reform associated with Jacksonian theories of democracy, and therefore the relevant state laws post-date the Bill of Rights. Without any relevant evidence of original intent on the question of when a judge is tainted by campaign contributions, I am willing to rely on Mike McChrystal’s common sense approach: the perception of bias in this case was too obvious for the Court to ignore.

He’s right about state judicial elections. If I recall correctly, they began with Mississippi in 1832. I agree that Mike McChrystal does capture something important about why the majority acted in the way it did, but I think that it might be not simply a judicial gag reflex. I think there may be some instruction to be found in the structure of the constitution. I’m still thinking on it, but it might go something like this.

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