The Sheriff Must Run the Jail, But How Do You Know Whether a Facility Is a Jail?

Last week, the Circuit Court in Milwaukee County rejected the effort of Sheriff David A. Clarke to maintain control over the County Correctional Facility South.  (Judge Van Grunsven’s ruling is available here.)  Although the CCF-S (formerly known as the House of Corrections) was run for decades by a superintendent who was independent of the Sheriff, the County transferred control over the CCF-S to the Sheriff in 2009 as a result of security concerns at the facility.  However, the new management proved less than satisfactory to some important stakeholders.

Conflict over Clarke’s administration of the CCF-S seems connected to a wider ideological conflict between Clarke and other County leaders over the incarceration of relatively low-risk criminal offenders, with Clarke taking a very critical position regarding various criminal-justice initiatives that might be grouped under the heading “evidence-based decision making.”  (Background on the conflict is here; my critique of some of Clarke’s views is here.)  Clarke has been unsupportive of treatment programs and alternatives to incarceration, and his administration of the CCF-S has apparently reflected this perspective.  Finally, through its 2013 budget, the County Board decided to transfer control of the CCF-S back to a superintendent.  Clarke’s control over the downtown jail, which has been his all along, remains unaffected.

Clarke sued the County in order to block the transfer.  

Continue ReadingThe Sheriff Must Run the Jail, But How Do You Know Whether a Facility Is a Jail?

The Boston Case: Moving the Line on the Public Safety Exception

My practice is nearly exclusively a criminal appellate practice, and it’s been that way for almost 10 years. Being a one-trick pony, I can’t help but think about legal issues in the news in the context of an imaginary appeal. Of course, recently the news was flooded with stories about the Boston Marathon bombing. The issue that grabbed my interest the most was all of the talk centered on not informing captured suspect Dzhokhar Tsarnaev his Miranda rights pursuant to the public safety exception.

The idea behind the public safety exception makes sense: gathering information from a suspect to ward off an immediate threat. The exception was originally created nearly 20 years ago, but in the past 10 years or so, has become stretched (some say past recognition) to deal with terrorist threats. But that’s neither here nor there — the public safety exception and the suppression of evidence obtained from it is a trial lawyer’s concern.

First, told or not told, Tsarnaev has all of the same rights every American citizen has, including the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney. In this era of cop and robbers television (“Law & Order” in all its various forms has been on the air for 23 years), it seems self-evident that a person has those rights. But still, whether he knows he has those rights or not, the government has an obligation to inform a suspect he has them. But what happens when the defense persuades a court that law enforcement interrogated a person in violation of Miranda? That evidence is suppressed and so are the fruits of it. This is the part that really interests the appellate lawyer in me, because the question I keep coming back to here, is: so what?

If any of the news reports are to be believed, and obviously those outside of the parties won’t know until the trial, if there is one, the government has built a relatively strong case against Tsarnaev without his help. So even if some of his statements are suppressed, it doesn’t really matter because the government will still have plenty of evidence to go around. Presumably, the people who did the interrogating had a really good sense of what evidence they already had against him. Perhaps, sure in its case (even though the investigation was in the infancy), the government opted to question Tsarnaev and ask him everything it could think of. Worst case scenario, some cumulative evidence gets suppressed.

Continue ReadingThe Boston Case: Moving the Line on the Public Safety Exception

New Marquette Lawyer Magazine Focuses on Chicago and Milwaukee “Megacity”

Marquette LawyerProvocative essays on the future of Milwaukee in the emerging Chicago megacity lead the content of a packed and wide-ranging new edition of Marquette Lawyer, the Marquette University Law School semiannual magazine.

The megacity that stretches along Lake Michigan, from north of Milwaukee down through Chicago to northwestern Indiana, was the focus of a July 2012 conference at Marquette Law School, “Milwaukee’s Future in the Chicago Megacity.” The magazine includes two essays building on presentations at that conference: “Rivalry, Resignation, and Regionalization,” by historian John Gurda, and “Flying Too Close to the Sun?” by urban blogger and expert Aaron Renn. My own contribution is an overview of efforts to build cooperation in economic development in the tri-state region.

The magazine also presents “The Civil War, Reconstruction, and the Origins of Birthright Citizenship,” an essay by Columbia University historian Eric Foner based on his Boden Lecture at Marquette Law School last fall, and “The Accidental Crime Commission: Its Legacies and Lessons,” by Franklin E. Zimring, of the University of California, Berkeley’s law school, based on his Fall 2012 Barrock Lecture here.

Marquette Law Professor David Ray Papke gave a lecture in Uganda on the connection between the law and social power. “Exploring Socio-Legal Dominance in Context: An Approach to American Legal History,” based on his talk, is included in the new magazine.

The magazine also contains news of the Law School and of some of its students and alumni. The printed magazine is being sent to Law School students and alumni across the country and to many others. You can get a jump on reading this issue on the Law School’s website.

To read the interactive version of the magazine, click here.

To read specific articles and sections, click on any of these:

For all three pieces on the Chicago megacity, click here.

The individual pieces are available by clicking on each of these:

Emerging Megacity: Perspectives on the Future of Chicago and Milwaukee

Thinking and Acting (and Flourishing?) as a Region

Rivalry, Resignation, and Regionalization

Flying Too Close to the Sun? 

And you can click on each of these:

The Civil War, Reconstruction, and the Origins of Birthright Citizenship

The Accidental Crime Commission: Its Legacies and Lessons

Exploring Socio-Legal Dominance in Context: An Approach to American Legal History

Law School News

Remarks of Dean Joseph D. Kearney at the Investiture of Circuit Judge Lindsey Grady

From the Dean

Alumni Class Notes

Alumni Awards

 

 

 

 

Continue ReadingNew Marquette Lawyer Magazine Focuses on Chicago and Milwaukee “Megacity”